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この記事誰得？ 私しか得しないニッチな技術で記事投稿！
@kaizen_nagoya(Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa)

C++ Templates The Complete Guide(2nd Edition) (1) basics/errornovel1.cpp

Last updated at Posted at 2018-05-14

目的

このコンパイル記録は、コンパイラおよび対応標準、コンパイラの版により、コンパイルエラーMessageの違いを記録し、どのエラーが出たら、どの版またはどの対応標準にすればエラーが少なくなるかを考察するための資料です。

成果

コンパイラの種類、対応標準の違いによってエラーの数が違う。同じエラーであってもMessageの表現が違う。Error Messageのネットで検索する際に役立つ。

#背景
C++のTemplate使いこなせてない。
The Complete Guide(2nd Edition)
http://www.tmplbook.com/code/code.html
コンパイルしながら勉強。
勉強の記録
https://researchmap.jp/joqzln3gi-1797580/#_1797580
だと, qiitaのようにコード表示機能がないためわかりにくい。

C++ Templates The Complete Guide(2nd Edition)をclang++とg++でコンパイルしてみた
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a7065ea839cb33793bdf

コンパイルエラーになったものを
clang++, g++の -std=c++03, -std=c++2a
でコンパイルしながら一つづつ確認。

###clang++
clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin17.5.0
Thread model: posix
InstalledDir: /usr/local/opt/llvm/bin

###g++
g++ (Homebrew GCC 8.1.0) 8.1.0
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

basics/errornovel1.cpp
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include <algorithm>

int main()
{
  std::map<std::string,double> coll;
  //...
  // find the first nonempty string in coll:
  auto pos = std::find_if (coll.begin(), coll.end(),
                           [] (std::string const& s) {
                             return s != "";
                           });
}
cpla.sh
$ ../cpla.sh errornovel1
../cpla.sh: line 1: spla.sh: command not found
$ clang++ errornovel1.cpp -std=c++03 -Wall
errornovel1.cpp:10:3: warning: 'auto' type specifier is a C++11 extension
      [-Wc++11-extensions]
  auto pos = std::find_if (coll.begin(), coll.end(),
  ^
errornovel1.cpp:11:28: error: expected expression
                           [] (std::string const& s) { 
                           ^
1 warning and 1 error generated.
$ clang++ errornovel1.cpp -std=c++2a -Wall
errornovel1.cpp:10:8: warning: unused variable 'pos' [-Wunused-variable]
  auto pos = std::find_if (coll.begin(), coll.end(),
       ^
In file included from errornovel1.cpp:1:
In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/llvm/6.0.0/include/c++/v1/string:477:
In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/llvm/6.0.0/include/c++/v1/string_view:176:
In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/llvm/6.0.0/include/c++/v1/__string:56:
/usr/local/Cellar/llvm/6.0.0/include/c++/v1/algorithm:1010:13: error: no
      matching function for call to object of type '(lambda at
      errornovel1.cpp:11:28)'
        if (__pred(*__first))
            ^~~~~~
errornovel1.cpp:10:19: note: in instantiation of function template
      specialization
      'std::__1::find_if<std::__1::__map_iterator<std::__1::__tree_iterator<std::__1::__value_type<std::__1::basic_string<char>,
      double>,
      std::__1::__tree_node<std::__1::__value_type<std::__1::basic_string<char>,
      double>, void *> *, long> >, (lambda at errornovel1.cpp:11:28)>' requested
      here
  auto pos = std::find_if (coll.begin(), coll.end(),
                  ^
errornovel1.cpp:11:28: note: candidate function not viable: no known conversion
      from
      'std::__1::__map_iterator<std::__1::__tree_iterator<std::__1::__value_type<std::__1::basic_string<char>,
      double>,
      std::__1::__tree_node<std::__1::__value_type<std::__1::basic_string<char>,
      double>, void *> *, long> >::value_type' (aka 'pair<const
      std::__1::basic_string<char>, double>') to 'const std::string' (aka 'const
      basic_string<char, char_traits<char>, allocator<char> >') for 1st argument
                           [] (std::string const& s) { 
                           ^
errornovel1.cpp:11:28: note: conversion candidate of type 'bool (*)(const
      std::string &)' (aka 'bool (*)(const basic_string<char, char_traits<char>,
      allocator<char> > &)')
1 warning and 1 error generated.
\r
$ g++-8 errornovel1.cpp -std=c++03  -Wall
errornovel1.cpp: In function 'int main()':
errornovel1.cpp:10:3: warning: 'auto' changes meaning in C++11; please remove it [-Wc++11-compat]
   auto pos = std::find_if (coll.begin(), coll.end(),
   ^~~~
   ----
errornovel1.cpp:10:8: error: 'pos' does not name a type
   auto pos = std::find_if (coll.begin(), coll.end(),
        ^~~
errornovel1.cpp:13:29: error: expected primary-expression before ')' token
                            });
                             ^
\r
$ g++-8 errornovel1.cpp -std=c++2a  -Wall
errornovel1.cpp: In function 'int main()':
errornovel1.cpp:10:8: warning: variable 'pos' set but not used [-Wunused-but-set-variable]
   auto pos = std::find_if (coll.begin(), coll.end(),
        ^~~
In file included from /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:71,
                 from /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/char_traits.h:39,
                 from /usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/string:40,
                 from errornovel1.cpp:1:
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/predefined_ops.h: In instantiation of 'bool __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_pred<_Predicate>::operator()(_Iterator) [with _Iterator = std::_Rb_tree_iterator<std::pair<const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>, double> >; _Predicate = main()::<lambda(const string&)>]':
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/stl_algo.h:104:42:   required from '_InputIterator std::__find_if(_InputIterator, _InputIterator, _Predicate, std::input_iterator_tag) [with _InputIterator = std::_Rb_tree_iterator<std::pair<const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>, double> >; _Predicate = __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_pred<main()::<lambda(const string&)> >]'
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/stl_algo.h:161:23:   required from '_Iterator std::__find_if(_Iterator, _Iterator, _Predicate) [with _Iterator = std::_Rb_tree_iterator<std::pair<const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>, double> >; _Predicate = __gnu_cxx::__ops::_Iter_pred<main()::<lambda(const string&)> >]'
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/stl_algo.h:3930:28:   required from '_IIter std::find_if(_IIter, _IIter, _Predicate) [with _IIter = std::_Rb_tree_iterator<std::pair<const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>, double> >; _Predicate = main()::<lambda(const string&)>]'
errornovel1.cpp:13:29:   required from here
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/predefined_ops.h:283:11: error: no match for call to '(main()::<lambda(const string&)>) (std::pair<const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>, double>&)'
  { return bool(_M_pred(*__it)); }
           ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/predefined_ops.h:283:11: note: candidate: 'bool (*)(const string&)' {aka 'bool (*)(const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>&)'} <conversion>
/usr/local/Cellar/gcc/8.1.0/include/c++/8.1.0/bits/predefined_ops.h:283:11: note:   candidate expects 2 arguments, 2 provided
errornovel1.cpp:11:52: note: candidate: 'main()::<lambda(const string&)>'
                            [] (std::string const& s) {
                                                    ^
errornovel1.cpp:11:52: note:   no known conversion for argument 1 from 'std::pair<const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>, double>' to 'const string&' {aka 'const std::__cxx11::basic_string<char>&'}

#まとめ

cpp clang++(error & warning) g++(error & warning)
-std=c++03 -std=c++2a -std=c++03 -std=c++2a
errornovel1 1 & 1 1 & 1 2 & 1 1 & 1

##検討事項(agenda) coding C++N4741
1)コンパイルエラーをなくす修正方法
2)役に立つまたは意味のあるその他の出力

#参考資料(reference)

###プログラミング言語教育のXYZ
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/1950c5810fb5c0b07be4
プログラミング言語教育のXYZ(youtube)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=He1_tg4px-w&t=486s

###C++N4741 2018
Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/n4741.pdf

C++N4741, 2018 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882 sample code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3294c014044550896010

###C++N4606 2016
Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4606.pdf

C++N4606, 2016符号断片編纂一覧(example code compile list)
Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882(1)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/df5d62c35bd6ed1c3d43/

###　CEDD(Compile Error Driven Design)
初めての　CEDD(Compile Error Driven Design) ８回直してコンパイル。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/9494236aa1753f3fd1e1

コンパイルエラーを記録するとよい理由7つ
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/85c0e92b206883140e89

C++ Templates The Complete Guide(2nd Edition)をclang++とg++でコンパイルしてみた
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a7065ea839cb33793bdf

docker gnu(gcc/g++) and llvm(clang/clang++)
https://qiita.com/drafts/059874ea39c4de64c0f7

Autosar Guidelines C++14 example code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/8ccbf6675c3494d57a76

[C][C++]の国際規格案の例題をコンパイルするときの課題７つ。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/5f4b155030259497c4de

C++N4606 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standardのコード断片をコンパイルするためにしていること
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a8d7ee2f2e29e76c19c1

コンパイル用shell script C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da

Clang/Clang++(LLVM) gcc/g++(GNU) コンパイラ警告等比較
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/9a82b958cc3aeef0403f

C++2003とC++2017でコンパイルエラーになるならない事例集
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a13ea3823441c430edff

Qiitaに投稿するCのStyle例(暫定)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/946df1528a6a1ef2bc0d

cpprefjpのdecltypeをコンパイル試験
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/090909af702f0d5d8a67

MISRA C++ 5-0-16
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/7df2d4e05db724752a74

C++ Templates Part1 BASICS Chapter 3. Class Templates 3.2 Use of Class Template Stack stack1test.cpp
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/cd5fc49106fad5a4e9ed

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013 C Secure Coding Rules(1) All list(to be confirmed)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/54e056195c4f11b850a1

C言語（C++)に対する誤解、曲解、無理解、爽快。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3f3992c9722c1cee2e3a

C Puzzle Bookの有り難み5つ、C言語規格及びCコンパイラの特性を認識
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/d89a48c1536a02ecdec9

'wchar.h' file not found で困った clang++ macOS
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/de15cd46d657517fac11

Open POSIX Test Suiteの使い方を調べはじめました
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/644d5e407f5faf96e6dc

MISRA-C 2012 Referenceに掲載している文献の入手可能性を確認
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/96dc8b125e462d5575bb

どうやって MISRA Example Suiteをコンパイルするか
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fbdbff5ff696e2ca7f00

MISRA C まとめ #include
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/f1a79a7cbd281607c7c9

「C++完全理解ガイド」の同意できること上位10
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/aa5744e0c4a8618c7671

文書履歴(document history)

ver. 0.10 初稿 20180513 コンパイルエラーが十分取れていない。
clang++でコンパイルエラー１８、g++は５つ。
ver. 0.11 誤記訂正 20180514
ver. 0.12 目的、成果追記　20180515
ver. 0.13 参照URL AUTOSAR C++14 guideliene追記 20180614
ver. 0.14 参考文献追記 20180616

最後までおよみいただきありがとうございました。

いいね　💚、フォローをお願いします。

Thank you very much for reading to the last sentence.

Please press the like icon 💚　and follow me for your happy life.

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