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OpenWrt システム初期設定

Last updated at Posted at 2023-08-11

:warning:Japanese notation
OpenWrt_icon.png

こちらに統合しました

はじめに

初心者対応構成

デバイスアクセス

PowerShellの開始

  • キー入力：Win+x > a > はい

UCI（SSH）アクセス

powershell:初期設定用
ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -oHostKeyAlgorithms=+ssh-rsa root@192.168.1.1
  • root@192.168.1.1's password:初期値：パスワード無し
OpenSSHのインストールが無い場合:exclamation:
  • 機能の確認
    ※Windows 10 Fall Creators Update(1709)以降標準搭載
powershell
Get-WindowsCapability -Online | Where-Object Name -like 'OpenSSH*'
  • 機能のインストール
powershell
Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0

最初にやる事

デバイス情報確認

ディストリビューション 
cat /etc/openwrt_release


cat /etc/openwrt_version


cat /etc/os-release


uname -a


uname -r
システム情報

システム情報

CPU

cat /proc/cpuinfo

MTD

cat /proc/mtd

MODULES

cat /proc/modules

devices

cat /proc/devices

free

free

meminfo

cat /proc/meminfo

iomem

cat /proc/iomem

ps

ps

ifconfig

ifconfig

dmesg

dmesg

プロセス数の上限

sysctl kern.maxproc kern.maxprocperuid 


sysctl kernel.threads-max

LuCi 確認

※リリースビルドのみ

ROOTパスワード 

passwd

Changing password for root
New password:

passwd:入力モード
任意のパスワード

Retype password:

passwd:入力モード
再入力

passwd: password for root changed by root

exit

SSHアクセスインターフェース

※WAN側からアクセスする場合不要

uci set dropbear.@dropbear[0].Interface='lan'
uci commit dropbear

設定

config(設定ファイル)は /etc/config/以下に格納
※以下設定は、新規インストール用

システム 

# 設定値
HOSTNAME='openwrt' # ルーター名
DESCRIPTION=`cat /etc/openwrt_version` # 説明
NOTES=`date` # 備考
# システム
uci set system.@system[0]=system
uci set system.@system[0].hostname=${HOSTNAME}
uci set system.@system[0].description="${DESCRIPTION}"
uci set system.@system[0].timezone='JST-9'
uci set system.@system[0].zonename='Asia/Tokyo'
uci set system.@system[0].conloglevel='6' # ログ出力レベル:注意
uci set system.@system[0].cronloglevel='9' # Cronログレベル:警告
# NTPサーバー
uci set system.ntp.enable_server='1'
uci set system.ntp.use_dhcp='0'
uci set system.ntp.interface='lan'
uci delete system.ntp.server
uci add_list system.ntp.server='0.jp.pool.ntp.org'
uci add_list system.ntp.server='1.jp.pool.ntp.org'
uci add_list system.ntp.server='2.jp.pool.ntp.org' 
uci add_list system.ntp.server='3.jp.pool.ntp.org'
uci commit system
/etc/init.d/system reload
/etc/init.d/sysntpd restart
# note
uci set system.@system[0].notes="${NOTES}"
uci commit system
/etc/init.d/system reload

LED

利用可能LED確認

ls /sys/class/leds/

参考

# POWER:WHITE:OFF
uci add system led
uci set system.@led[-1].name='WHITE-OFF'
uci set system.@led[-1].sysfs='white:power'
uci set system.@led[-1].trigger='none'
uci set system.@led[-1].default='0'
# POWER:RED:ON
uci add system led
uci set system.@led[-1].name='POWER-RED'
uci set system.@led[-1].sysfs='red:powe
r'
uci set system.@led[-1].trigger='default-on'
# set
uci commit system
/etc/init.d/led restart

オフロード

  • ソフトウェア フローオフロード
uci set firewall.@defaults[0].flow_offloading='1'
uci commit firewall
/etc/init.d/firewall restart
  • ハードウェア フローオフロード
    ※ハードウェア NAT サポートが必要です。 mt7621 のみにおいて実装されています。
    ※MT7986B / WSR-600AX8 において有効
    ※MT7986A / BPI-R3 において有効
uci set firewall.@defaults[0].flow_offloading_hw='1'
uci commit firewall
/etc/init.d/firewall restart

パケットステアリング 

uci set network.globals.packet_steering='1'
uci commit network

カスタムDNS 

# delete
uci -q delete dhcp.lan.dhcp_option
uci -q delete dhcp.lan.dns
# IPV4
uci add_list dhcp.lan.dhcp_option="6,1.1.1.1,8.8.8.8"
uci add_list dhcp.lan.dhcp_option="6,1.0.0.1,8.8.4.4"
# IPV6
uci add_list dhcp.lan.dns="2606:4700:4700::1111"
uci add_list dhcp.lan.dns="2001:4860:4860::8888"
uci add_list dhcp.lan.dns="2606:4700:4700::1001"
uci add_list dhcp.lan.dns="2001:4860:4860::8844"
# set
uci commit dhcp
/etc/init.d/dnsmasq restart
/etc/init.d/odhcpd restart

確認

Wi-Fi

※W53、W56はDFSにて起動遅延60秒

設定値

# Aチャンネル
SSID_A='SSID_A'
PASSWORD_A='password'
# Bチャンネル
SSID_B='SSID_B'
PASSWORD_B='password'

設定
※Random Mac AddressはRC2以降
※トライバンドはradio2 default_radio2を追加

# Aチャンネル
uci set wireless.radio0.country='JP'
uci set wireless.radio0.txpower='10'
uci set wireless.radio0.noscan='1'
uci set wireless.radio0.frag='2347'
uci set wireless.radio0.rts='2346'
uci set wireless.default_radio0.encryption='sae-mixed'
uci set wireless.default_radio0.ssid=${SSID_A}
uci set wireless.default_radio0.key=${PASSWORD_A}
uci set wireless.default_radio0.multicast_to_unicast='1'
uci set wireless.default_radio0.isolate='1'
# uci set wireless.default_radio0.macaddr='random' # Random Mac Address
# uci set wireless.default_radio0.wpa_disable_eapol_key_retries='1'
# Bチャンネル
uci set wireless.radio1.country='JP'
uci set wireless.radio1.txpower='10'
uci set wireless.radio1.noscan='1'
uci set wireless.radio1.frag='2347'
uci set wireless.radio1.rts='2346'
uci set wireless.default_radio1.encryption='sae-mixed'
uci set wireless.default_radio1.ssid=${SSID_B}
uci set wireless.default_radio1.key=${PASSWORD_B}
uci set wireless.default_radio1.multicast_to_unicast='1'
uci set wireless.default_radio1.isolate='1'
# uci set wireless.default_radio1.macaddr='random' # Random Mac Address
# uci set wireless.default_radio1.wpa_disable_eapol_key_retries='1'
# set
uci delete wireless.radio0.disabled
uci delete wireless.radio1.disabled
uci commit wireless
/etc/init.d/network restart
  • Target Wake Time (TWT)
    ※Only WiFi6 (ax)
    参考：Linux Hostpad
    • he_twt_required: Whether TWT is required
      0 = not required (default)
      1 = required
      he_twt_required=0 or 1
    • he_twt_responder: Whether TWT (HE) responder is enabled
      0 = disabled
      1 = enabled if supported by the driver (default)
      he_twt_responder=0 or 1
ON
sed -i -e "s/he_twt_required:0/he_twt_required:1/g" /lib/netifd/wireless/mac80211.sh
uci add_list wireless.radio0.hostapd_options='he_twt_responder=1'
uci add_list wireless.radio1.hostapd_options='he_twt_responder=1'
uci commit wireless
OFF
sed -i -e "s/he_twt_required:1/he_twt_required:0/g" /lib/netifd/wireless/mac80211.sh
uci del_list wireless.radio0.hostapd_options='he_twt_responder=0'
uci del_list wireless.radio1.hostapd_options='he_twt_responder=0'
uci commit wireless

確認

他設定

バンドステアリング

設定値

BANDSTEERING='バンドステアリング' # 2Gと5GのSSIDを統一
PASSWORD='password' # 2Gと5Gのパスワードを統一

設定

# opkg update
opkg install dawn
opkg install luci-app-dawn
uci set dawn.@network[0].broadcast_ip='192.168.1.255'
uci set dawn.@metric[0].kicking=1
# 5G
uci set wireless.default_radio0.ssid=${BANDSTEERING}
uci set wireless.default_radio0.key=${PASSWORD}
uci set wireless.default_radio0.ieee80211r '1'
uci set wireless.default_radio0.ieee80211k='1'
uci set wireless.default_radio0.ieee80211v='1'
uci set wireless.default_radio0.ft_over_ds='1'
# 2G
uci set wireless.default_radio1.ssid=${BANDSTEERING}
uci set wireless.default_radio1.key=${PASSWORD}
uci set wireless.default_radio1.ieee80211r '1'
uci set wireless.default_radio1.ieee80211k='1'
uci set wireless.default_radio1.ieee80211v='1'
uci set wireless.default_radio1.ft_over_ds='1'
# set
uci commit dawn
uci commit wireless
/etc/init.d/dawn restart
/etc/init.d/network restart
# reboot

wpad(full)は入らないので書かない事
option bss_transition '1'
option wnm_sleep_mode '1'
option time_advertisement '2'
option time_zone 'GMT0'
option rrm_neighbor_report '1'
option rrm_beacon_report '1'

PING宛先

uci set luci.diag.dns='one.one.one.one'
uci set luci.diag.ping='one.one.one.one'
uci set luci.diag.route='one.one.one.one'
uci commit luci
/etc/init.d/rpcd reload

確認

CRON(スケジュール)

参考

# 再起動 06:00
echo "00 06 * * * sleep 70 && touch /etc/banner && reboot" >> /etc/crontabs/root
# WiFi A OFF 00:00
echo "00 00 * * * uci set wireless.default_radio0.disabled=1; uci commit; wifi" >> /etc/crontabs/root
# WiFi A ON 08:00
echo "00 08 * * * uci set wireless.default_radio0.disabled=0; uci commit; wifi" >> /etc/crontabs/root
# LED 夜間 OFF 00:00 ※再起動で設定値復旧
echo "00 00 * * * echo "none" > /sys/class/leds/white:power/trigger" >> /etc/crontabs/root
/etc/init.d/cron restart

参考：CPUパフォーマンスCRONスケジュールその1
※CPUパフォーマンスインストール必須
※00:00 ~ 08:00 ローパフォーマンス

# opkg update
# opkg install cpu-perf
uci set cpu-perf.config.enabled=1
uci set cpu-perf.cpu0.scaling_governor='schedutil'
uci set cpu-perf.cpu0.scaling_max_freq='1017600'
uci set cpu-perf.cpu1.scaling_governor='schedutil'
uci set cpu-perf.cpu1.scaling_max_freq='1017600'
uci set cpu-perf.cpu2.scaling_governor='schedutil'
uci set cpu-perf.cpu2.scaling_max_freq='1017600'
uci set cpu-perf.cpu3.scaling_governor='schedutil'
uci set cpu-perf.cpu3.scaling_max_freq='1017600'
uci commit uhttpd
/etc/config/uhttpd reload
uci commit cpu-perf
/etc/init.d/cpu-perf start

# CPU パフォーマンス
echo "00 00 * * * /etc/init.d/cpu-perf start" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 08 * * * /etc/init.d/cpu-perf stop" >> /etc/crontabs/root

参考：CPUパフォーマンスCRONスケジュールその2
※CPUパフォーマンスインストール必須
※00:00 ~ 08:00 ローパフォーマンス

# opkg update
# opkg install cpu-perf
/etc/init.d/cpu-perf start
uci set cpu-perf.config.enabled=1
uci commit cpu-perf
# CPU-PERF 1017600
echo "00 00 * * * uci set cpu-perf.cpu0.scaling_max_freq='1017600'; uci commit; cpu-perf" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 00 * * * uci set cpu-perf.cpu1.scaling_max_freq='1017600'; uci commit; cpu-perf" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 00 * * * uci set cpu-perf.cpu2.scaling_max_freq='1017600'; uci commit; cpu-perf" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 00 * * * uci set cpu-perf.cpu3.scaling_max_freq='1017600'; uci commit; cpu-perf" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 08 * * * /etc/init.d/cpu-perf reload" >> /etc/crontabs/root
# CPU-PERF 2208000
echo "00 08 * * * uci set cpu-perf.cpu0.scaling_max_freq='2208000'; uci commit; cpu-perf" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 08 * * * uci set cpu-perf.cpu1.scaling_max_freq='2208000'; uci commit; cpu-perf" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 08 * * * uci set cpu-perf.cpu2.scaling_max_freq='2208000'; uci commit; cpu-perf" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 08 * * * uci set cpu-perf.cpu3.scaling_max_freq='2208000'; uci commit; cpu-perf" >> /etc/crontabs/root
echo "00 08 * * * /etc/init.d/cpu-perf reload" >> /etc/crontabs/root

スケジュール確認

crontab -l

他デバイス設定

USB

WAN

選択型インターネット接続自動設定

階層
※それぞれの階層に設定とその復元がある
※一度設定すると、そのバックアップを取るので、復元が出来る仕様

  • OCNバーチャルコネクト
    • ニチバン対策のみ
  • V6プラス・IPv6オプション
    • ニチバン対策のみ
  • トランジックス
  • クロスパス
  • v6 コネクト
  • ひかりone系・他PPPoE
  • アクセスポイント
  • 終了

初期化

ファクトリーリセット(初期化) 

# 要注意
firstboot && reboot now

This will erase all settings and remove any installed packages. Are you sure? [N/y]

  • y

デバイスリセットボタン

デバイスのリセットボタンを5秒押し続ける

あとがき

参考資料（感謝:relaxed:）

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