隧道規約(tunneling protocol) 、Ethernet(73)

専門は通信規約(communication protocol)です。

遅延測定、経路制御、無線通信が主要な領域です。

具体的には、PHS, GPS, SoftEtherなどが対象領域です。

SoftEtherを知る
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/7a4062f845ebb2539e25

RFCでは、NTP, Mobile IP, Tunnelingです。

遅延測定には時刻同期が鍵です。
Mobile IPは移動対応の Tunnelingかもしれません。

記事に参照がなく、内容としても乏しい。

隧道規約

網祭隧道規約(IP tunneling)

トンネル掘削機
https://tdtds.jp/tunnel/

トンネリング (tunneling) 佐々木　真（ササキ　マコト）at「分かりそう」で「分からない」でも「分かった」気になれるIT用語辞典
https://wa3.i-3-i.info/word12036.html

通信で使う“トンネル”ってどんなもの？
https://tech.nikkeibp.co.jp/it/article/COLUMN/20101001/352543/

オーバーレイ (トンネル) プロトコル
https://docs.openstack.org/ocata/ja/networking-guide/intro-overlay-protocols.html

VPNを支えるトンネル技術
http://ponsuke-tarou.hatenablog.com/entry/2019/08/23/170733

第 􏰁11部 トンネリング技術
http://www.wide.ad.jp/About/report/pdf1992/part11.pdf

TCP-Tunneling at AnyDesk
https://support.anydesk.com/TCP-Tunneling

　VPN におけるトンネリングと暗号化
https://www.infraexpert.com/study/ipsec2.html

トンネリングプロトコルについて
https://www.infraexpert.com/info/5.4adsl.htm

IP トンネルの概要　
https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E26924_01/html/E25872/gepbe.html

DNSトンネリング: 攻撃者はDNSをどう悪用するのか
https://www.paloaltonetworks.jp/company/in-the-news/2019/dns-tunneling-how-dns-can-be-abused-by-malicious-actors

個別機器

VPN接続方式
https://network.yamaha.com/knowledge/vpn/protocol

M2Mデータマネジメント ＞ Cogent DataHub V8 ＞ トンネリング機能
https://www.co-nss.co.jp/products/management/tunnel.html

13.11.4　トンネル機能使用時の注意事項 ALAXALA Networks Corporation.
https://www.alaxala.com/jp/techinfo/archive/manual/AX7700R/HTML/10_10_/APGUIDE/0313.HTM

Windows Server 2016 の GRE トンネリング
https://docs.microsoft.com/ja-jp/windows-server/remote/remote-access/ras-gateway/gre-tunneling-windows-server

トンネリング・トンネリング接続 とは
https://www.liveon.ne.jp/glossary/wk/tunneling.html

RFC

###RFC1853
IP in IP Tunneling
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1853

References

[IDM91a] Ioannidis, J., Duchamp, D., Maguire, G., "IP-based
protocols for mobile internetworking", Proceedings of
SIGCOMM '91, ACM, September 1991.

[RFC-791]
Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791,
USC/Information Sciences Institute, September 1981.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc791

[RFC-792]
Postel, J., "Internet Control Message Protocol", STD 5 RFC 792, USC/Information Sciences Institute, September 1981.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc792

[RFC-1191]
Mogul, J., and S. Deering, "Path MTU Discovery", RFC 1191,
DECWRL, Stanford University, November 1990.

[RFC-1241]
Mills, D., and R. Woodburn, "A Scheme for an Internet
Encapsulation Protocol: Version 1", UDEL, July 1991.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1241

[RFC-1435]
Knowles, S., "IESG Advice from Experience with Path MTU
Discovery", RFC 1435, FTP Software, March 1993.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1435

[RFC-1700]
Reynolds, J., and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC
1700, USC/Information Sciences Institute, October 1994.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1700

[RFC-1701]
Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D., and P. Traina, "Generic
Routing Encapsulation (GRE)", RFC 1701, October 1994.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1701

[swIPe] Ioannidis, J., and Blaze, M., "The Architecture and
Implementation of Network-Layer Security Under Unix", Fourth
Usenix Security Symposium Proceedings, October 1993.

RFC2341

Cisco Layer Two Forwarding (Protocol) "L2F"
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2341

7.0 References

[1] Romkey, J., "A Nonstandard for Transmission of IP Datagrams over
Serial Lines: SLIP", RFC 1055, June 1988.

[2] Simpson, W., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD 51,
RFC 1661, July 1994.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1661

[3] Simpson, W., "PPP in HDLC-like Framing", STD 51,, RFC 1662,
July 1994.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1662

[4] Reynolds, J., and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC 1700,
October 1994.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1700

[5] Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D., and P. Traina, "Generic Routing
Encapsulation (GRE)", RFC 1701, October 1994.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1701

RFC 2637

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2637

1. References

[1] Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D. and P. Traina, "Generic Routing
Encapsulation (GRE)", RFC 1701, October 1994.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1701

[2] Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D. and P. Traina, "Generic Routing
Encapsulation (GRE) over IPv4 Networks", RFC 1702, October 1994.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1702

[3] Lloyd, B. and W. Simpson, "PPP Authentication Protocols", RFC
1334, October 1992.
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1334

[4] Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol", STD 7, RFC 793,
September 1981.

[5] Postel, J., "User Data Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768, August 1980.

[6] Reynolds, J. and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC 1700,
October 1994. See also: http://www.iana.org/numbers.html

[7] Simpson, W., editor, "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD
51, RFC 1661, July 1994.

[8] Ethertype for PPP, Reserved with Xerox Corporation.

[9] Simpson, W., "PPP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
(CHAP)", RFC 1994, August 1996.

[10] Blunk, L. and J Vollbrecht, "PPP Extensible Authentication
Protocol (EAP)", RFC 2284, March 1998.

[11] Stevens, R., "TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1", p. 300, Addison-
Wesley, 1994.

[12] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

RFC2661

Layer Two Tunneling Protocol "L2TP"
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2661

11.0 References

[DSS1] ITU-T Recommendation, "Digital subscriber Signaling System
No. 1 (DSS 1) - ISDN user-network interface layer 3
specification for basic call control", Rec. Q.931(I.451),
May 1998

[KPS] Kaufman, C., Perlman, R., and Speciner, M., "Network
Security: Private Communications in a Public World",
Prentice Hall, March 1995, ISBN 0-13-061466-1

[RFC791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September
1981.

[RFC1034] Mockapetris, P., "Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities",
STD 13, RFC 1034, November 1987.

[RFC1144] Jacobson, V., "Compressing TCP/IP Headers for Low-Speed
Serial Links", RFC 1144, February 1990.

[RFC1661] Simpson, W., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD 51,
RFC 1661, July 1994.

[RFC1662] Simpson, W., "PPP in HDLC-like Framing", STD 51, RFC 1662,
July 1994.

[RFC1663] Rand, D., "PPP Reliable Transmission", RFC 1663, July 1994.

[RFC1700] Reynolds, J. and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC
1700, October 1994. See also:
http://www.iana.org/numbers.html
[RFC1990] Sklower, K., Lloyd, B., McGregor, G., Carr, D. and T.
Coradetti, "The PPP Multilink Protocol (MP)", RFC 1990,
August 1996.

[RFC1994] Simpson, W., "PPP Challenge Handshake Authentication
Protocol (CHAP)", RFC 1994, August 1996.

[RFC1918] Rekhter, Y., Moskowitz, B., Karrenberg, D., de Groot, G.
and E. Lear, "Address Allocation for Private Internets",
BCP 5, RFC 1918, February 1996.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC2138] Rigney, C., Rubens, A., Simpson, W. and S. Willens, "Remote
Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)", RFC 2138,
April 1997.

[RFC2277] Alvestrand, H., "IETF Policy on Character Sets and
Languages", BCP 18, RFC 2277, January 1998.

[RFC2341] Valencia, A., Littlewood, M. and T. Kolar, "Cisco Layer Two
Forwarding (Protocol) L2F", RFC 2341, May 1998.

[RFC2401] Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the
Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.

[RFC2434] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434,
October 1998.

[RFC2637] Hamzeh, K., Pall, G., Verthein, W., Taarud, J., Little, W.
and G. Zorn, "Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)",
RFC 2637, July 1999.

[STEVENS] Stevens, W. Richard, "TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume I The
Protocols", Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., March
1996, ISBN 0-201-63346-9

RFC 2867

RADIUS Accounting Modifications for Tunnel Protocol Support トンネルプロトコルサポートのためのラディウス課金変更
http://www5d.biglobe.ne.jp/stssk/rfc/rfc2867j.html
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2867

1. References

[1] Rigney, C., "RADIUS Accounting", RFC 2866, June 2000.

[2] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[3] Zorn, G., Leifer, D., Rubens, A., Shriver, J., Holdrege, M. and
I. Goyret, "RADIUS Attributes for Tunnel Protocol Support", RFC
2868, June 2000.

[4] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall, G., Zorn, G. and
B. Palter, "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol "L2TP"", RFC 2661,
August 1999.

[5] Hamzeh, K., Pall, G., Verthein, W., Taarud, J., Little, W. and
G. Zorn, "Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)", RFC 2637,
July 1999.

RFC 2868

RADIUS Attributes for Tunnel Protocol Support
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2868

1. References

[1] Hamzeh, K., Pall, G., Verthein, W., Taarud, J., Little, W. and
G. Zorn, "Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)", RFC 2637,
July 1999.

[2] Valencia, A., Littlewood, M. and T. Kolar, T., "Cisco Layer Two
Forwarding (Protocol) 'L2F'", RFC 2341, May 1998.

[3] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall, G., Zorn, G. and
B. Palter, "Layer Two Tunnelling Protocol (L2TP)", RFC 2661,
August 1999.

[4] Hamzeh, K., "Ascend Tunnel Management Protocol - ATMP", RFC
2107, February 1997.

[5] Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the
Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.

[6] Perkins, C., "IP Encapsulation within IP", RFC 2003, October
1996.

[7] Perkins, C., "Minimal Encapsulation within IP", RFC 2004,
October 1996.

[8] Atkinson, R., "IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)", RFC
1827, August 1995.

[9] Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D. and P. Traina, "Generic Routing
Encapsulation (GRE)", RFC 1701, October 1994.

[10] Simpson, W., "IP in IP Tunneling", RFC 1853, October 1995.

[11] Zorn, G. and D. Mitton, "RADIUS Accounting Modifications for
Tunnel Protocol Support", RFC 2867, June 2000.

[12] Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A. and W. Simpson, "Remote
Authentication Dial in User Service (RADIUS)", RFC 2865, June
2000.

[13] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[14] Reynolds, J. and J. Postel, "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC 1700,
October 1994.

[15] Rigney, C., Willats, W. and P. Calhoun, "RADIUS Extensions", RFC
2869, June 2000.

[16] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for writing an IANA
Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434, October 1998.

[17] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing
Architecture", RFC 2373, July 1998.

###RFC 3193
Securing L2TP using IPsec
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3193.txt

1. References

[1] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall, G., Zorn, G., and
B. Palter, "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol L2TP", RFC 2661,
August 1999.

[2] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[3] Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "IP Authentication Header", RFC 2402,
November 1998.

[4] Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "IP Encapsulating Security Payload
(ESP)", RFC 2406, November 1998.

[5] Piper, D., "The Internet IP Security Domain of Interpretation
of ISAKMP", RFC 2407, November 1998.

[6] Atkinson, R. and S. Kent, "Security Architecture for the
Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.

[7] Harkins, D. and D. Carrel, "The Internet Key Exchange (IKE)",
RFC 2409, November 1998.

[8] Simpson, W., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD 51, RFC
1661, July 1994.

[9] Rand, D., "The PPP Compression Control Protocol (CCP)", RFC
1962, June 1996.

[10] Meyer, G., "The PPP Encryption Control Protocol (ECP)", RFC
1968, June 1996.

[11] Sklower, K. and G. Meyer, "The PPP DES Encryption Protocol
(DESE)", RFC 1969, June 1996.

[12] Sklower, K. and G. Meyer, "The PPP DES Encryption Protocol,
Version 2 (DESE-bis)", RFC 2419, September 1998.

[13] Hummert, K., "The PPP Triple-DES Encryption Protocol (3DESE)",
RFC 2420, September 1998.

[14] Dierks, T. and C. Allen, "The TLS Protocol Version 1.0", RFC
2246, November 1998.

[15] Simpson, W., "PPP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
(CHAP)," RFC 1994, August 1996.

[16] Blunk, L. and J. Vollbrecht, "PPP Extensible Authentication
Protocol (EAP)," RFC 2284, March 1998.

[17] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing
Architecture", RFC 2373, July 1998.

RFC 3308

Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) Differentiated Services Extension
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3308

1. References

[RFC 1661] Simpson, W., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD 51,
RFC 1661, July 1994.

[RFC 2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC 2474] Nichols, K., Blake, S., Baker, F. and D. Black "Definition
of the Differentiated Services Field (DS Field) in the
IPv4 and IPv6 Headers", RFC 2474, December 1998.

[RFC 2475] Blake, S., Black, D., Carlson, Z., Davies, E., Wang, Z.
and W. Weiss, "An Architecture for Differentiated
Services", RFC 2475, December 1998.

[RFC 2661] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall, G., Zorn, G.
and B. Palter, "Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol (L2TP)", RFC 2661,
August 1999.

[RFC 2983] Black, D., "Differentiated Services and Tunnels", RFC
2983, October 2000.

RFC3378

EtherIP: Tunneling Ethernet Frames in IP Datagrams
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3378.txt

1. References

   [CSMA/CD] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers:
   "Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
   (CSMA/CD) Access Method and Physical Layer Specifications",
   ANSI/IEEE Std 802.3-1985, 1985.

   [DIX] Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Corporation, and Xerox
   Corporation: "The Ethernet -- A Local Area Network: Data
   Link Layer and Physical Layer (Version 2.0)", November
   1982.

   [RFC791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September
   1981.

   [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key Words for Use in RFCs to Indicate
   Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

   [RFC2338] Knight, S., Weaver, D., Whipple, D., Hinden, R., Mitzel,
   D., Hunt, P., Higginson, P., Shand, M. and A. Lindem,
   "Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol", RFC 2338, April 1998.

   [RFC2401] Kent, S. and R. Atkinson, "Security Architecture for the
   Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.

   [SDE] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers:
   "Interoperable LAN/MAN Security (SILS) Secure Data Exchange
   (SDE) (Clause 2)", IEEE Std 802.10b-1992, 1992.

   [XNS] Xerox Corporation: "Internet Transport Protocols", XSIS
   028112, December 1981.

   [VLAN] Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers: "IEEE
   Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks: Virtual
   Bridge Local Area Networks", ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1Q-1998,
   1998.

RFC 3391

Layer Two Tunneling Protocol - Version 3 (L2TPv3)
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3931

1. References

11.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC2277] Alvestrand, H., "IETF Policy on Character Sets and
Languages", BCP 18, RFC 2277, January 1998.

[RFC2434] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
IANA Considerations section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434,
October 1998.

[RFC2473] Conta, A. and S. Deering, "Generic Packet Tunneling in IPv6
Specification", RFC 2473, December 1998.

[RFC2661] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall, G., Zorn, G.,
and Palter, B., "Layer Two Tunneling Layer Two Tunneling
Protocol (L2TP)", RFC 2661, August 1999.

[RFC2865] Rigney, C., Willens, S., Rubens, A., and W. Simpson,
"Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS)", RFC
2865, June 2000.

[RFC3066] Alvestrand, H., "Tags for the Identification of Languages",
BCP 47, RFC 3066, January 2001.

[RFC3193] Patel, B., Aboba, B., Dixon, W., Zorn, G., and Booth, S.,
"Securing L2TP using IPsec", RFC 3193, November 2001.

[RFC3438] Townsley, W., "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) Internet
Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Considerations Update",
BCP 68, RFC 3438, December 2002.

[RFC3629] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO 10646",
STD 63, RFC 3629, November 2003.

11.2. Informative References

[RFC1034] Mockapetris, P., "Domain Names - Concepts and Facilities",
STD 13, RFC 1034, November 1987.

[RFC1191] Mogul, J. and S. Deering, "Path MTU Discovery", RFC 1191,
November 1990.

[RFC1321] Rivest, R., "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm", RFC 1321,
April 1992.

[RFC1661] Simpson, W., Ed., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD
51, RFC 1661, July 1994.

[RFC1700] Reynolds, J. and Postel, J., "Assigned Numbers", STD 2, RFC
1700, October 1994.

[RFC1750] Eastlake, D., Crocker, S., and Schiller, J., "Randomness
Recommendations for Security", RFC 1750, December 1994.

[RFC1958] Carpenter, B., Ed., "Architectural Principles of the
Internet", RFC 1958, June 1996.

[RFC1981] McCann, J., Deering, S., and Mogul, J., "Path MTU Discovery
for IP version 6", RFC 1981, August 1996.

[RFC2072] Berkowitz, H., "Router Renumbering Guide", RFC 2072,
January 1997.

[RFC2104] Krawczyk, H., Bellare, M., and Canetti, R., "HMAC: Keyed-
Hashing for Message Authentication", RFC 2104, February
1997.

[RFC2341] Valencia, A., Littlewood, M., and Kolar, T., "Cisco Layer
Two Forwarding (Protocol) L2F", RFC 2341, May 1998.

[RFC2401] Kent, S. and Atkinson, R., "Security Architecture for the
Internet Protocol", RFC 2401, November 1998.

[RFC2581] Allman, M., Paxson, V., and Stevens, W., "TCP Congestion
Control", RFC 2581, April 1999.

[RFC2637] Hamzeh, K., Pall, G., Verthein, W., Taarud, J., Little, W.,
and Zorn, G., "Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)",
RFC 2637, July 1999.

[RFC2732] Hinden, R., Carpenter, B., and Masinter, L., "Format for
Literal IPv6 Addresses in URL's", RFC 2732, December 1999.

[RFC2809] Aboba, B. and Zorn, G., "Implementation of L2TP Compulsory
Tunneling via RADIUS", RFC 2809, April 2000.

[RFC3070] Rawat, V., Tio, R., Nanji, S., and Verma, R., "Layer Two
Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) over Frame Relay", RFC 3070,
February 2001.

[RFC3355] Singh, A., Turner, R., Tio, R., and Nanji, S., "Layer Two
Tunnelling Protocol (L2TP) Over ATM Adaptation Layer 5
(AAL5)", RFC 3355, August 2002.

[KPS] Kaufman, C., Perlman, R., and Speciner, M., "Network
Security: Private Communications in a Public World",
Prentice Hall, March 1995, ISBN 0-13-061466-1.

[STEVENS] Stevens, W. Richard, "TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume I: The
Protocols", Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., March
1996, ISBN 0-201-63346-9.

RFC3519

Mobile IP Traversal of Network Address Translation (NAT) Devices
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3519.txt

1. Normative References

[1] Postel, J., "User Datagram Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768, August
1980.

[2] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September 1981.

[3] Hanks, S., Li, T., Farinacci, D. and P. Traina, "Generic Routing
Encapsulation (GRE)", RFC 1701, October 1994.

[4] Perkins, C., "IP Encapsulation within IP", RFC 2003, October
1996.

[5] Perkins, C., "Minimal Encapsulation within IP", RFC 2004,
October 1996.

[6] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[7] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA
Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 2434, October 1998.
[8] Farinacci, D., Li, T., Hanks, S., Meyer, D. and P. Traina,
"Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)", RFC 2784, March 2000.

[9] Montenegro, G., "Reverse Tunneling for Mobile IP, revised", RFC
3024, January 2001.

[10] Perkins, C., "IP Mobility Support for IPv4", RFC 3344, August
2002.

1. Informative References

[11] Srisuresh, P. and M. Holdrege, "IP Network Address Translator
(NAT) Terminology and Considerations", RFC 2663, August 1999.

[12] Srisuresh, P. and K. Egevang, "Traditional IP Network Address
Translator (Traditional NAT)", RFC 3022, January 2001.

[13] Daigle, L., Editor, and IAB, "IAB Considerations for UNilateral
Self-Address Fixing (UNSAF)", RFC 3424, November 2002.

RFC4951

Fail Over Extensions for Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) "failover"
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4951

1. References

11.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[L2TPv2] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall, G.,
Zorn, G., and B. Palter, "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol
"L2TP"", RFC 2661, August 1999.

[L2TPv3] Lau, J., Townsley, M., and I. Goyret, "Layer Two
Tunneling Protocol - Version 3 (L2TPv3)", RFC 3931,
March 2005.

11.2. Informative References

[L2TPv2-MIB] Caves, E., Calhoun, P., and R. Wheeler, "Layer Two
Tunneling Protocol "L2TP" Management Information
Base", RFC 3371, August 2002.

[L2TPv3-MIB] Nadeau, T. and K. Koushik, "Layer Two Tunneling
Protocol (version 3) Management Information Base",
Work in Progress, August 2006.

[BFD-MULTIHOP] Katz, D. and D. Ward, "BFD for Multihop Paths", Work
in Progress, March 2007.

RFC 5515

Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) Access Line Information Attribute Value Pair (AVP) Extensions
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5515

1. References

11.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC2661] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall, G., Zorn,
G., and B. Palter, "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol "L2TP"",
RFC 2661, August 1999.

[RFC3438] Townsley, W., "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Considerations
Update", BCP 68, RFC 3438, December 2002.

[RFC3931] Lau, J., Townsley, M., and I. Goyret, "Layer Two Tunneling
Protocol - Version 3 (L2TPv3)", RFC 3931, March 2005.

[TR-101] DSL Forum, "Migration to Ethernet-Based DSL Aggregation",
TR 101, April 2006, <http://www.broadband-forum.org/
technical/download/TR-101.pdf>.

11.2. Informative References

[ANCP] Wadhwa, S., Moisand, J., Subramanian, S., Haag, T., Voigt,
N., and R. Maglione, "Protocol for Access Node Control
Mechanism in Broadband Networks", Work in Progress,
March 2009.

[IANA.enterprise-numbers]
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, "PRIVATE ENTERPRISE
NUMBERS", http://www.iana.org.

[IANA.l2tp-parameters]
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, "Layer Two Tunneling
Protocol 'L2TP'", http://www.iana.org.

[RFC2516] Mamakos, L., Lidl, K., Evarts, J., Carrel, D., Simone, D.,
and R. Wheeler, "A Method for Transmitting PPP Over
Ethernet (PPPoE)", RFC 2516, February 1999.

[RFC3046] Patrick, M., "DHCP Relay Agent Information Option",
RFC 3046, January 2001.

[RFC3193] Patel, B., Aboba, B., Dixon, W., Zorn, G., and S. Booth,
"Securing L2TP using IPsec", RFC 3193, November 2001.

[RFC3629] Yergeau, F., "UTF-8, a transformation format of ISO
10646", STD 63, RFC 3629, November 2003.

[RFC4243] Stapp, M., Johnson, R., and T. Palaniappan, "Vendor-
Specific Information Suboption for the Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Relay Agent Option",
RFC 4243, December 2005.

[RFC4679] Mammoliti, V., Zorn, G., Arberg, P., and R. Rennison, "DSL
Forum Vendor-Specific RADIUS Attributes", RFC 4679,
September 2006.

[RFC4951] Jain, V., "Fail Over Extensions for Layer 2 Tunneling
Protocol (L2TP) "failover"", RFC 4951, August 2007.

RFC5641

Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol Version 3 (L2TPv3) Extended Circuit Status Values
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5641.txt

1. References

8.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC3931] Lau, J., Townsley, M., and I. Goyret, "Layer Two
Tunneling Protocol - Version 3 (L2TPv3)", RFC 3931,
March 2005.

[RFC4349] Pignataro, C. and M. Townsley, "High-Level Data Link
Control (HDLC) Frames over Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol,
Version 3 (L2TPv3)", RFC 4349, February 2006.

[RFC4454] Singh, S., Townsley, M., and C. Pignataro, "Asynchronous
Transfer Mode (ATM) over Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
Version 3 (L2TPv3)", RFC 4454, May 2006.

[RFC4591] Townsley, M., Wilkie, G., Booth, S., Bryant, S., and J.
Lau, "Frame Relay over Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
Version 3 (L2TPv3)", RFC 4591, August 2006.

[RFC4719] Aggarwal, R., Townsley, M., and M. Dos Santos,
"Transport of Ethernet Frames over Layer 2 Tunneling
Protocol Version 3 (L2TPv3)", RFC 4719, November 2006.

8.2. Informative References

[IANA-l2tp] Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, "Layer Two
Tunneling Protocol 'L2TP'", http://www.iana.org.

[PREF-FWD] Muley, P., Bocci, M., and L. Martini, "Preferential
Forwarding Status bit definition", Work in Progress,
September 2008.

[RFC4446] Martini, L., "IANA Allocations for Pseudowire Edge to
Edge Emulation (PWE3)", BCP 116, RFC 4446, April 2006.

[RFC4447] Martini, L., Rosen, E., El-Aawar, N., Smith, T., and G.
Heron, "Pseudowire Setup and Maintenance Using the Label
Distribution Protocol (LDP)", RFC 4447, April 2006.

[RFC5085] Nadeau, T. and C. Pignataro, "Pseudowire Virtual Circuit
Connectivity Verification (VCCV): A Control Channel for
Pseudowires", RFC 5085, December 2007.

[VCCV-BFD] Nadeau, T. and C. Pignataro, "Bidirectional Forwarding
Detection (BFD) for the Pseudowire Virtual Circuit
Connectivity Verification (VCCV)", Work in Progress,
July 2009.

RFC 5905

Network Time Protocol Version 4: Protocol and Algorithms Specification
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5905.txt

1. References

18.1. Normative References

[RFC0768] Postel, J., "User Datagram Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768,
August 1980.

[RFC0791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791,
September 1981.

[RFC0793] Postel, J., "Transmission Control Protocol", STD 7,
RFC 793, September 1981.

[RFC1321] Rivest, R., "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm",
RFC 1321, April 1992.

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

18.2. Informative References

[CGPM] Bureau International des Poids et Mesures, "Comptes
Rendus de la 15e CGPM", 1976.

[ITU-R_TF.460] International Telecommunications Union, "ITU-R TF.460
Standard-frequency and time-signal emissions",
February 2002.

[RFC1305] Mills, D., "Network Time Protocol (Version 3)
Specification, Implementation and Analysis",
RFC 1305, March 1992.

[RFC1345] Simonsen, K., "Character Mnemonics and Character
Sets", RFC 1345, June 1992.

[RFC4330] Mills, D., "Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP)
Version 4 for IPv4, IPv6 and OSI", RFC 4330,
January 2006.

[RFC5226] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing
an IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26,
RFC 5226, May 2008.

[RFC5906] Haberman, B., Ed. and D. Mills, "Network Time
Protocol Version 4: Autokey Specification", RFC 5906,
June 2010.

[ref6] Marzullo and S. Owicki, "Maintaining the time in a
distributed system", ACM Operating Systems Review 19,
July 1985.

[ref7] Mills, D.L., "Computer Network Time Synchronization -
the Network Time Protocol", CRC Press, 304 pp, 2006.

[ref9] Mills, D.L., Electrical and Computer Engineering
Technical Report 06-6-1, NDSS, June 2006, "Network
Time Protocol Version 4 Reference and Implementation
Guide", 2006.

RFC 5944

IP Mobility Support for IPv4, Revised
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3193.txt

1. References

8.1. Normative References

[1] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement
Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[2] Calhoun, P. and C. Perkins, "Mobile IP Network Access
Identifier Extension for IPv4", RFC 2794, March 2000.

[3] Perkins, C., Calhoun, P., and J. Bharatia, "Mobile IPv4
Challenge/Response Extensions (Revised)", RFC 4721, January
2007.

[4] Cong, D., Hamlen, M., and C. Perkins, "The Definitions of
Managed Objects for IP Mobility Support using SMIv2", RFC 2006,
October 1996.

[5] Deering, S., Ed., "ICMP Router Discovery Messages", RFC 1256,
September 1991.

[6] Deering, S., "Host extensions for IP multicasting", STD 5, RFC
1112, August 1989.

[7] Dommety, G. and K. Leung, "Mobile IP Vendor/Organization-
Specific Extensions", RFC 3115, April 2001.

[8] Eastlake 3rd, D., Schiller, J., and S. Crocker, "Randomness
Requirements for Security", BCP 106, RFC 4086, June 2005.

[9] Kent, S., "IP Authentication Header", RFC 4302, December 2005.

[10] Krawczyk, H., Bellare, M., and R. Canetti, "HMAC: Keyed-Hashing
for Message Authentication", RFC 2104, February 1997.

[11] Mills, D., Martin, J., Ed., Burbank, J., and W. Kasch, "Network
Time Protocol Version 4: Protocol and Algorithms
Specification", RFC 5905, June 2010.

[12] Montenegro, G., Ed., "Reverse Tunneling for Mobile IP,
revised", RFC 3024, January 2001.

[13] Farinacci, D., Li, T., Hanks, S., Meyer, D., and P. Traina,
"Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE)", RFC 2784, March 2000.

[14] Perkins, C., "IP Encapsulation within IP", RFC 2003, October
1996.

[15] Perkins, C., "Minimal Encapsulation within IP", RFC 2004,
October 1996.

[16] Plummer, D., "Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol: Or
Converting Network Protocol Addresses to 48.bit Ethernet
Address for Transmission on Ethernet Hardware", STD 37, RFC
826, November 1982.

[17] Postel, J., "User Datagram Protocol", STD 6, RFC 768, August
1980.

[18] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791, September
1981.

[19] Rivest, R., "The MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm", RFC 1321, April
1992.

[20] Solomon, J., "Applicability Statement for IP Mobility Support",
RFC 2005, October 1996.

[21] Perkins, C., Ed., "IP Mobility Support for IPv4", RFC 3344,
August 2002.

[22] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an IANA
Considerations Section in RFCs", BCP 26, RFC 5226, May 2008.

8.2. Informative References

[23] Solomon, J. and S. Glass, "Mobile-IPv4 Configuration Option for
PPP IPCP", RFC 2290, February 1998.

[24] Montenegro, G., Dawkins, S., Kojo, M., Magret, V., and N.
Vaidya, "Long Thin Networks", RFC 2757, January 2000.

[25] Allman, M., Glover, D., and L. Sanchez, "Enhancing TCP Over
Satellite Channels using Standard Mechanisms", BCP 28, RFC
2488, January 1999.

[26] Paxson, V. and M. Allman, "Computing TCP's Retransmission
Timer", RFC 2988, November 2000.

[27] Levkowetz, H. and S. Vaarala, "Mobile IP Traversal of Network
Address Translation (NAT) Devices", RFC 3519, April 2003.

[28] Glass, S. and M. Chandra, "Registration Revocation in Mobile
IPv4", RFC 3543, August 2003.

[29] Fogelstroem, E., Jonsson, A., and C. Perkins, "Mobile IPv4
Regional Registration", RFC 4857, June 2007.

[30] Bellovin, S., "Security Problems in the TCP/IP Protocol Suite",
ACM Computer Communications Review, 19(2), March 1989.

[31] Border, J., Kojo, M., Griner, J., Montenegro, G., and Z.
Shelby, "Performance Enhancing Proxies Intended to Mitigate
Link-Related Degradations", RFC 3135, June 2001.

[32] Caceres, R. and L. Iftode, "Improving the Performance of
Reliable Transport Protocols in Mobile Computing Environments",
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, 13(5):850-857,
June 1995.

[33] Dawkins, S., Montenegro, G., Kojo, M., Magret, V., and N.
Vaidya, "End-to-end Performance Implications of Links with
Errors", BCP 50, RFC 3155, August 2001.

[34] Droms, R., "Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol", RFC 2131,
March 1997.

[35] Ferguson, P. and D. Senie, "Network Ingress Filtering:
Defeating Denial of Service Attacks which employ IP Source
Address Spoofing", BCP 38, RFC 2827, May 2000.

[36] Jacobson, V., "Compressing TCP/IP Headers for Low-Speed Serial
Links", RFC 1144, February 1990.

[37] Ioannidis, J., Duchamp, D., and G. Maguire, "IP-Based Protocols
for Mobile Internetworking", In Proceedings of the SIGCOMM '01
Conference: Communications Architectures and Protocols, pages
235-245, September 1991.

[38] Ioannidis, J. and G. Maguire, "The Design and Implementation of
a Mobile Internetworking Architecture", In Proceedings of the
Winter USENIX Technical Conference, pages 489-500, January
1993.

[39] Ioannidis, J., "Protocols for Mobile Internetworking", PhD
Dissertation - Columbia University in the City of New York,
July 1993.

[40] Jacobson, V., "Congestion Avoidance and Control", In
Proceedings of the SIGCOMM '88 Workshop, ACM SIGCOMM, ACM
Press, pages 314-329, August 1998.

[41] McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group MIB",
RFC 2863, June 2000.

[42] McGregor, G., "The PPP Internet Protocol Control Protocol
(IPCP)", RFC 1332, May 1992.

[43] Montenegro, G. and V. Gupta, "Sun's SKIP Firewall Traversal for
Mobile IP", RFC 2356, June 1998.

[44] Perkins, C., Ed., "IP Mobility Support", RFC 2002, October
1996.

[45] Stevens, R., "TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1: The Protocols",
Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts, 1994.

[46] Perkins, C. and P. Calhoun, "Authentication, Authorization, and
Accounting (AAA) Registration Keys for Mobile IPv4", RFC 3957,
March 2005.

[47] Simpson, W., Ed., "The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)", STD 51,
RFC 1661, July 1994.

[48] IANA, "Mobile IPv4 Numbers", http://www.iana.org.

[49] Postel, J., "Multi-LAN address resolution", RFC 925, October
1984.

[50] Perkins, C., Ed., "IP Mobility Support for IPv4", RFC 3220,
January 2002.

RFC 6169

Security Concerns with IP Tunneling
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6169.txt
10. Informative References

[RFC2529] Carpenter, B. and C. Jung, "Transmission of IPv6 over IPv4
Domains without Explicit Tunnels", RFC 2529, March 1999.

[RFC2661] Townsley, W., Valencia, A., Rubens, A., Pall, G., Zorn,
G., and B. Palter, "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol "L2TP"",
RFC 2661, August 1999.

[RFC2979] Freed, N., "Behavior of and Requirements for Internet
Firewalls", RFC 2979, October 2000.

[RFC3056] Carpenter, B. and K. Moore, "Connection of IPv6 Domains
via IPv4 Clouds", RFC 3056, February 2001.

[RFC3484] Draves, R., "Default Address Selection for Internet
Protocol version 6 (IPv6)", RFC 3484, February 2003.

[RFC3931] Lau, J., Ed., Townsley, M., Ed., and I. Goyret, Ed.,
"Layer Two Tunneling Protocol - Version 3 (L2TPv3)", RFC
3931, March 2005.

[RFC3971] Arkko, J., Ed., Kempf, J., Zill, B., and P. Nikander,
"SEcure Neighbor Discovery (SEND)", RFC 3971, March 2005.
[RFC4380] Huitema, C., "Teredo: Tunneling IPv6 over UDP through
Network Address Translations (NATs)", RFC 4380, February
2006.

[RFC4787] Audet, F., Ed., and C. Jennings, "Network Address
Translation (NAT) Behavioral Requirements for Unicast
UDP", BCP 127, RFC 4787, January 2007.

[RFC5095] Abley, J., Savola, P., and G. Neville-Neil, "Deprecation
of Type 0 Routing Headers in IPv6", RFC 5095, December
2007.

[RFC5214] Templin, F., Gleeson, T., and D. Thaler, "Intra-Site
Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP)", RFC 5214,
March 2008.

[RFC5389] Rosenberg, J., Mahy, R., Matthews, P., and D. Wing,
"Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)", RFC 5389,
October 2008.

[RFC5991] Thaler, D., Krishnan, S., and J. Hoagland, "Teredo
Security Updates", RFC 5991, September 2010.

[RFC6056] Larsen, M. and F. Gont, "Recommendations for Transport-
Protocol Port Randomization", BCP 156, RFC 6056, January
2011.

[SECA-IP] Gont, F., "Security Assessment of the Internet Protocol
version 4", Work in Progress, April 2011.

[TUNNEL-LOOPS]
Nakibly, G. and F. Templin, "Routing Loop Attack using
IPv6 Automatic Tunnels: Problem Statement and Proposed
Mitigations", Work in Progress, March 2011.

RFC6758

Tunneling of SMTP Message Transfer Priorities
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6758.txt

1. References

8.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.

[RFC3461] Moore, K., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) Service
Extension for Delivery Status Notifications (DSNs)",
RFC 3461, January 2003.

[RFC5234] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
Specifications: ABNF", STD 68, RFC 5234, January 2008.

[RFC5321] Klensin, J., "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", RFC 5321,
October 2008.

[RFC5322] Resnick, P., Ed., "Internet Message Format", RFC 5322,
October 2008.

[RFC6409] Gellens, R. and J. Klensin, "Message Submission for Mail",
STD 72, RFC 6409, November 2011.

[RFC6710] Melnikov, A. and K. Carlberg, "Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol Extension for Message Transfer Priorities",
RFC 6710, August 2012.

8.2. Informative References

[RFC2156] Kille, S., "MIXER (Mime Internet X.400 Enhanced Relay):
Mapping between X.400 and RFC 822/MIME", RFC 2156,
January 1998.

[RFC3207] Hoffman, P., "SMTP Service Extension for Secure SMTP over
Transport Layer Security", RFC 3207, February 2002.

[RFC6376] Crocker, D., Hansen, T., and M. Kucherawy, "DomainKeys
Identified Mail (DKIM) Signatures", RFC 6376,
September 2011.

[SMTP-PRI-OLD]
Schmeing, M., Brendecke, J., and K. Carlberg, "SMTP
Service Extension for Priority Message Handling", Work
in Progress, August 2006.

RFC7450

Automatic Multicast Tunneling
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7450.txt

1. References

8.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119.

[RFC3376] Cain, B., Deering, S., Kouvelas, I., Fenner, B., and A.
Thyagarajan, "Internet Group Management Protocol,
Version 3", RFC 3376, October 2002,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3376.

[RFC3810] Vida, R., Ed., and L. Costa, Ed., "Multicast Listener
Discovery Version 2 (MLDv2) for IPv6", RFC 3810,
June 2004, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3810.

[RFC4291] Hinden, R. and S. Deering, "IP Version 6 Addressing
Architecture", RFC 4291, February 2006,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4291.

[RFC4607] Holbrook, H. and B. Cain, "Source-Specific Multicast for
IP", RFC 4607, August 2006,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4607.

[RFC4787] Audet, F., Ed., and C. Jennings, "Network Address
Translation (NAT) Behavioral Requirements for Unicast
UDP", BCP 127, RFC 4787, January 2007,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4787.

8.2. Informative References

[RFC0791] Postel, J., "Internet Protocol", STD 5, RFC 791,
September 1981, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc0791.

[RFC0792] Postel, J., "Internet Control Message Protocol", STD 5,
RFC 792, September 1981,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc0792.

[RFC1112] Deering, S., "Host extensions for IP multicasting", STD 5,
RFC 1112, August 1989,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1112.

[RFC1191] Mogul, J. and S. Deering, "Path MTU discovery", RFC 1191,
November 1990, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1191.

[RFC1546] Partridge, C., Mendez, T., and W. Milliken, "Host
Anycasting Service", RFC 1546, November 1993,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1546.

[RFC1981] McCann, J., Deering, S., and J. Mogul, "Path MTU Discovery
for IP version 6", RFC 1981, August 1996,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1981.

[RFC2236] Fenner, W., "Internet Group Management Protocol,
Version 2", RFC 2236, November 1997,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2236.

[RFC2460] Deering, S. and R. Hinden, "Internet Protocol, Version 6
(IPv6) Specification", RFC 2460, December 1998,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2460.

[RFC2663] Srisuresh, P. and M. Holdrege, "IP Network Address
Translator (NAT) Terminology and Considerations",
RFC 2663, August 1999,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2663.

[RFC2710] Deering, S., Fenner, W., and B. Haberman, "Multicast
Listener Discovery (MLD) for IPv6", RFC 2710,
October 1999, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2710.

[RFC3552] Rescorla, E. and B. Korver, "Guidelines for Writing RFC
Text on Security Considerations", BCP 72, RFC 3552,
July 2003, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3552.

[RFC4271] Rekhter, Y., Ed., Li, T., Ed., and S. Hares, Ed., "A
Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", RFC 4271,
January 2006, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4271.

[RFC4443] Conta, A., Deering, S., and M. Gupta, Ed., "Internet
Control Message Protocol (ICMPv6) for the Internet
Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Specification", RFC 4443,
March 2006, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4443.

[RFC4601] Fenner, B., Handley, M., Holbrook, H., and I. Kouvelas,
"Protocol Independent Multicast - Sparse Mode (PIM-SM):
Protocol Specification (Revised)", RFC 4601, August 2006,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4601.

[RFC4786] Abley, J. and K. Lindqvist, "Operation of Anycast
Services", BCP 126, RFC 4786, December 2006,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4786.

[RFC6935] Eubanks, M., Chimento, P., and M. Westerlund, "IPv6 and
UDP Checksums for Tunneled Packets", RFC 6935, April 2013,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6935.

[RFC6936] Fairhurst, G. and M. Westerlund, "Applicability Statement
for the Use of IPv6 UDP Datagrams with Zero Checksums",
RFC 6936, April 2013,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6936.

RFC 7886

Advertising Seamless Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (S-BFD) Discriminators in the Layer Two Tunneling Protocol Version 3 (L2TPv3)
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7886.txt

1. References

5.1. Normative References

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119.

[RFC3438] Townsley, W., "Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) Considerations
Update", BCP 68, RFC 3438, DOI 10.17487/RFC3438,
December 2002, http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3438.

[RFC3931] Lau, J., Ed., Townsley, M., Ed., and I. Goyret, Ed.,
"Layer Two Tunneling Protocol - Version 3 (L2TPv3)",
RFC 3931, DOI 10.17487/RFC3931, March 2005,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3931.

[RFC7880] Pignataro, C., Ward, D., Akiya, N., Bhatia, M., and S.
Pallagatti, "Seamless Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
(S-BFD)", RFC 7880, DOI 10.17487/RFC7880, July 2016,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7880.

5.2. Informative References

[RFC5880] Katz, D. and D. Ward, "Bidirectional Forwarding Detection
(BFD)", RFC 5880, DOI 10.17487/RFC5880, June 2010,
http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5880.

参考資料(reference)

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