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ååã®èšäºã§ã¯ãã¢ããã売ãã販売ããžã¹ãã£ã¯ã¹ã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸãããã
ä»åã¯ãSAPã® äŒèšé å ãç¹ã« ãã«ãð°ãã管çãã ããã®æ©èœã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŠãããŸãã
äŒæ¥ã«ãšã£ãŠã ãéã®æµããææ¡ããé©åã«ç®¡çãã ããšã¯ã ããžãã¹ã®æå ã«æ¬ ãããŸããã
SAPã®äŒèšç®¡çæ©èœã¯ã 財åäŒèš 㚠管çäŒèš ã®2ã€ã®åŽé¢ãããäŒæ¥ã® å¥å šãªçµå¶ ããµããŒãããŸãã
ãã®èšäºã§ã¯ã SAPã®äŒèšç®¡çæ©èœ ãã åå¿è ã®æ¹ã«ãåããããã ããããŠ å ·äœäŸããããã 亀ããªãã解説ããŠãããŸããïŒ
察象èªè
- SAPåå¿è ð°
- äŒèšã«èå³ãããæ¹
- äŒç€Ÿã®ãéã®æµããç¥ãããæ¹ð°
èšäºã®ç®ç
- äŒç€Ÿã®æ¥åã§SAPãåŠã¶ããšã«ãªã£ãã®ã§ãããæç§æžãèªãã ãã§ã¯å šãé ã«å ¥ããªãã®ã§ã¢ãŠããããã®å ŽãšããŠQiitaã«æçš¿ããŸãðª
- ååã®èšäºã«åŒãç¶ããç§ãšåãããã«ããããSAPãåŠã¶å šãã®åå¿è ð°åãã«æžããŸãã
- ååã®èšäºã¯ãã¡ãâ ãè¶ åå¿è åãð°ãã¢ããã売ãã 販売ããžã¹ãã£ã¯ã¹ðïž - 顧客æºè¶³åºŠãåäžãããSDã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ãšLEã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ãåããããã解説ïŒ
èšäºã®æ§æ
- äŒèšé åã®å šäœæ§æ
- 財åäŒèšïŒFIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ïŒ
- 管çäŒèšïŒCOã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ïŒ
- çµ±åæ现ããŒãã«ããŠãããŒãµã«ãžã£ãŒãã«ã
1. äŒèšé åã®å šäœæ§æ
SAPã®äŒèšé åã¯ã以äžã®ã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§æ§æãããŠããŸãã
- 財åäŒèš (FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«)
- 管çäŒèš (COã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«)
- 財åã»è³é管ç
- çµå¶ç®¡ç
ãã®äžã§ã ç¹ã«éèŠãªã®ã¯ã財åäŒèšãšç®¡çäŒèšã®2〠ã§ãã
財åäŒèš ã¯ã äŒç€Ÿã®å€éš (æ ªäž»ãéè¡ãªã©) ã«åããŠã äŒç€Ÿã®è²¡æ¿ç¶æ ãå ±åããããã®äŒèš ã§ãã
管çäŒèš ã¯ã äŒç€Ÿã®å éš ã§ã çµå¶å€æ ã®ããã«äœ¿ãããäŒèšã§ãã
2. 財åäŒèšïŒFIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ïŒ ðð°
FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ã äŒæ¥ã®è²¡åç¶æ³ãå€éšã«å ±åããããã®äŒèšæ å ± ã管çããã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§ãã
äŒç€Ÿã® ãéã®æµããèšé² ð ãã 財åè«žè¡š (貞åå¯Ÿç §è¡šãæçèšç®æžããã£ãã·ã¥ãããŒèšç®æž) ãäœæããããšã§ã äŒç€Ÿã®çµå¶ç¶æ ãåæ ð ãããã æè³å®¶ãéèæ©é¢ ðŠã« 財åç¶æ³ãå ±å ð ãããããããšãã§ããŸãã
FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ã äŒæ¥ã®äŒèšåŠçãå¹çå ð ãã æ£ç¢ºãªè²¡åå ±å ãäœæããããã« å¿ èŠäžå¯æ¬ ãªã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§ãã
2.1 FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã®æ©èœ
FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã«ã¯ãæ§ã ãªæ©èœããããŸãããäž»ãªæ©èœã¯ä»¥äžã®éãã§ãã
-
ç·åå®å åž³: äŒæ¥ã® ãã¹ãŠã®ååŒ ãèšé²ãã åºå¹¹ ãšãªãæ©èœã§ãã
- äŸãã°ãååã売ã£ããä»å ¥å ããååãè²·ã£ããåŸæ¥å¡ã«çµŠæãæ¯æã£ãð°ããªã©ã®ååŒããã¹ãŠèšé²ããŸãã
- ç·åå®å åž³ã«ã¯ã ååŒãçºçããæ¥ä» ð ã éé¡ ð°ã ååŒã®å 容 ðãªã©ã®æ å ±ãèšé²ãããŸãã
-
äŒç¥šå
¥åæ©èœ: ååŒãèšé²ããããã® äŒç¥š ãå
¥åããæ©èœã§ãã
- äŒç¥šã«ã¯ãååŒã®å 容ã åããããã èšé²ããããã® åå®ç§ç® (çŸéã売äžãä»å ¥ãªã©) ã䜿ãããŸãã
-
決ç®åŠçæ©èœ: äŒèšæéã®çµããã«ã 決ç®åŠç ãè¡ãæ©èœã§ãã
- 決ç®åŠçã§ã¯ã 1幎éã®ååŒããŸãšã ãŠã 財åè«žè¡š ãäœæããŸãã
-
財åã¬ããŒãæ©èœ: 貞å察ç
§è¡šãæçèšç®æžãªã©ã® 財åè«žè¡š ãäœæããæ©èœã§ãã
- 財åè«žè¡šã¯ã äŒç€Ÿã®è²¡æ¿ç¶æ ã åããããã 瀺ãããã®ãã®ã§ãã
-
åµæš©ç®¡ç: ã客æ§ããããããé (売æé) ã管çããæ©èœã§ãã
- äŸãã°ãã客æ§ã«ååã販売ãããšãã è«æ±æž ð§Ÿãçºè¡ãããã å ¥é ð°ã管çãããããŸãã
- è«æ±æžçºè¡ ã å ¥éæ¶èŸŒ ãªã©ã®æ©èœããããŸãã
-
åµå管ç: ä»å ¥å ãªã©ã«æ¯æããé (è²·æé) ã管çããæ©èœã§ãã
- äŸãã°ãä»å ¥å ããååãè³Œå ¥ãããšãã æ¯æåŠç ãè¡ã£ããã æ¯æèšç» ãç«ãŠããããŸãã
- æ¯æåŠç ã æ¯æèšç» ãªã©ã®æ©èœããããŸãã
-
åºå®è³ç£ç®¡ç: 建ç©ãèšå ãªã©ã® åºå®è³ç£ ã管çããæ©èœã§ãã
- æžäŸ¡ååŽ (åºå®è³ç£ã®äŸ¡å€ãæéãšãšãã«æžå°ããŠããããš) ã®èšç®ã è³ç£ã®å£²åŽã»å»æ£ ãªã©ã®åŠçãè¡ãããšãã§ããŸãã
-
è³ç£ç®¡ç: çŸé ã éè¡å£åº§ ã®æ å ±ã管çããæ©èœã§ãã
- è³éç¹°ã (ãéã®ãããã) ã管çãããã è³é調é (ãéãåãã) ã®èšç»ãç«ãŠããããããšãã§ããŸãã
2.2 FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§äœ¿çšããçµç¹æ§é
- äŒç€Ÿã³ãŒã: äŒç€Ÿãèå¥ããããã®ã³ãŒãã§ãã
- äºæ¥é å: äºæ¥ãåé¡ããããã®åäœã§ãã
- ã»ã°ã¡ã³ã: äºæ¥ãããã«çŽ°ããåé¡ããããã®åäœã§ãã
- å©çã»ã³ã¿: å©çã管çããããã®åäœã§ãã
- å䟡ã»ã³ã¿: ã³ã¹ãã管çããããã®åäœã§ãã
2.3 FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§äœ¿çšãããã¹ã¿
- åå®ã³ãŒããã¹ã¿: äŒèšç§ç® (çŸéã売äžãä»å ¥ãªã©) ã管çããããã®ãã¹ã¿ããŒã¿ã§ãã
- éè¡ãã¹ã¿: éè¡å£åº§ã®æ å ±ã管çããããã®ãã¹ã¿ããŒã¿ã§ãã
- BPãã¹ã¿: ååŒå (顧客ãä»å ¥å ãªã©) ã®æ å ±ã管çããããã®ãã¹ã¿ããŒã¿ã§ãã
3. 管çäŒèšïŒCOã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ïŒ ðð
COã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ã äŒæ¥å éšã®çµå¶ç®¡ç ãç®çãšããäŒèšæ å ± (å䟡ãåçãªã©) ã管çããã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§ãã
äŒæ¥ã®åçæ§ ãåæãããã ã³ã¹ãã管ç ãããã äºç®ç®¡ç ãè¡ã£ããããããšãã§ããŸãã
COã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ã äŒæ¥ã®çµå¶æŽ»åãå¹çå ð ãã å©çãæ倧å ããããã« å¿ èŠäžå¯æ¬ ãªã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§ãã
3.1 COã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã®æ©èœ
COã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã«ã¯ãæ§ã ãªæ©èœããããŸãããäž»ãªæ©èœã¯ä»¥äžã®éãã§ãã
-
補åå䟡管ç: 補åã補é ããã®ã«ããã£ã å䟡 (ææè²»ã人件費ãçµè²»ãªã©) ã管çããæ©èœã§ãã
- äŸãã°ã1å°ã®èªåè»ðã補é ããã®ã«ããããããã£ãã®ããèšç®ããããšãã§ããŸãã
- å䟡èšç®: 補åå䟡ãèšç®ããæ©èœã§ãã
- å䟡åæ: å䟡æ§æãåæããæ©èœã§ãã
-
éæ¥è²»ç®¡ç: éæ¥è²» (補é éšéã«çŽæ¥é¢ä¿ã®ãªãè²»çšãäŸãã°ã管çéšéã®è²»çš) ã管çããæ©èœã§ãã
- éæ¥è²»é 賊: éæ¥è²»ãåéšéã«é 賊 (å²ãåœãŠã) ããæ©èœã§ãã
-
åçæ§åæ: 補åããµãŒãã¹ã顧客ã販売ãã£ãã«ãªã©ã® åçæ§ ãåæããæ©èœã§ãã
- äŸãã°ãã©ã®è£œåãæãå©çãäžããŠããã®ããã©ã®é¡§å®¢ãæãåçæ§ãé«ãã®ããåæããããšãã§ããŸãã
- åçæ§ã¬ããŒã: åçæ§åæã®çµæãã¬ããŒããšããŠåºåããæ©èœã§ãã
3.2 COã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§äœ¿çšããçµç¹æ§é
- åæ察象: åçæ§åæã®å¯Ÿè±¡ (補åã顧客ãªã©) ãèšå®ããŸãã
- 管çé å: 管çäŒèšã®ç¯å²ãèšå®ããŸãã
- å䟡ã»ã³ã¿: ã³ã¹ãã管çããããã®åäœã§ãã
3.3 COã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã§äœ¿çšãããã¹ã¿
- å䟡èŠçŽ ãã¹ã¿: å䟡ã®çš®é¡ (ææè²»ã人件費ãªã©) ã管çããããã®ãã¹ã¿ããŒã¿ã§ãã
- 掻åã¿ã€ããã¹ã¿: 掻å (äœæ¥) ã®çš®é¡ã管çããããã®ãã¹ã¿ããŒã¿ã§ãã
4. çµ±åæ现ããŒãã«ããŠãããŒãµã«ãžã£ãŒãã«ã
SAP S/4HANAã§ã¯ã ãŠãããŒãµã«ãžã£ãŒãã« ãšåŒã°ãã çµ±åæ现ããŒãã« ãå°å ¥ãããŸããã
ããã¯ã FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã« ãš COã¢ãžã¥ãŒã« ã®ããŒã¿ã 1ã€ã®ããŒãã«ã«çµ±å ãããã®ã§ã ãªã¢ã«ã¿ã€ã ã§ããŒã¿ãæŽæ°ãããŸãã
ããã«ããã 財åäŒèš 㚠管çäŒèš ã® æ å ±é£æº ã匷åããã äŒæ¥ã¯åžžã«ææ°ã®æ å ±ãåºã«ãè¿ éãã€æ£ç¢ºãªæææ±ºå® ãè¡ãããšãã§ããããã«ãªããŸããã
ãŸãšã
ä»åã¯ããã«ãð°ãã管çããSAPã®äŒèšç®¡çæ©èœã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸããã
SAPã®FIã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ãšCOã¢ãžã¥ãŒã«ã¯ãäŒæ¥ã®è²¡åç¶æ³ãæ£ç¢ºã«ææ¡ããçµå¶æŽ»åãå¹çåããããã«æ¬ ãããªãããŒã«ã§ãã
ãã®èšäºããå°ãã§ãSAPãåŠã¶äººã®åœ¹ã«ç«ãŠãã°å¬ããã§ãðã
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- SAPã®å ¬åŒãŠã§ããµã€ããèŠãŠã¿ããïŒð
- SAPé¢é£æžç±ãèªãã§ã¿ããïŒð
- å³è§£å³æŠå SAP S/4HANAã®å°å ¥ãšéçšããã1åã§ãã£ãããããæç§æž
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