既存の 1TB に 4TB の SSD を追加

既存のディスクを確認

使用量を表示

root@hair:~# btrfs filesystem usage /
Overall:
    Device size:                 952.87GiB
    Device allocated:            225.02GiB
    Device unallocated:          727.85GiB
    Device missing:                  0.00B
    Device slack:                  3.50KiB
    Used:                        208.12GiB
    Free (estimated):            743.12GiB      (min: 743.12GiB)
    Free (statfs, df):           743.12GiB
    Data ratio:                       1.00
    Metadata ratio:                   1.00
    Global reserve:              257.08MiB      (used: 0.00B)
    Multiple profiles:                  no

Data,single: Size:223.01GiB, Used:207.73GiB (93.15%)
   /dev/nvme0n1p3        223.01GiB

Metadata,single: Size:2.01GiB, Used:403.19MiB (19.61%)
   /dev/nvme0n1p3          2.01GiB

System,single: Size:4.00MiB, Used:48.00KiB (1.17%)
   /dev/nvme0n1p3          4.00MiB

Unallocated:
   /dev/nvme0n1p3        727.85GiB

root@hair:~# btrfs filesystem df /
Data, single: total=223.01GiB, used=207.73GiB
System, single: total=4.00MiB, used=48.00KiB
Metadata, single: total=2.01GiB, used=403.22MiB
GlobalReserve, single: total=257.08MiB, used=0.00B

ディスクの一覧を表示

root@hair:~# lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
nvme0n1     259:0    0 953.9G  0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1    0  1007K  0 part
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2    0     1G  0 part /boot/efi
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3    0 952.9G  0 part /
nvme1n1     259:4    0   3.7T  0 disk
├─nvme1n1p1 259:5    0    16M  0 part
└─nvme1n1p2 259:6    0   3.7T  0 part
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: KINGSTON OM8PGP41024N-A0
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: F7D607A5-5933-41DF-B419-1EDF56F85A7A

Device           Start        End    Sectors   Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1      34       2047       2014  1007K BIOS boot
/dev/nvme0n1p2    2048    2099199    2097152     1G EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p3 2099200 2000409230 1998310031 952.9G Linux filesystem


Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 3.73 TiB, 4096805658624 bytes, 8001573552 sectors
Disk model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 994A3D8A-9029-4317-A21F-0D17ED84B21B

Device         Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/nvme1n1p1    34      32767      32734   16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/nvme1n1p2 32768 8001570815 8001538048  3.7T Linux filesystem
root@hair:~#

今使っているのは /dev/nvme0n1p3 (nvme0n1)
追加するのは /dev/nvme1
あら？最初は Type が NTFS って表示されてたのに色々とやっているうちに Linux filesystem ってなってますねぇ。まぁ、NTFS だったということで。

やってなかったけども、ここで btrfs scrub start / と btrfs scrub status / でディスクを壊れていないことを確認した方が良いかもしれない。

既存のパーティションを削除する

Windows で使っていたので /dev/nvme1n1 のパーティションを削除する

root@hair:~# gdisk /dev/nvme1n1
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9

Partition table scan:
  MBR: protective
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.

Command (? for help): ?
b       back up GPT data to a file
c       change a partition's name
d       delete a partition
i       show detailed information on a partition
l       list known partition types
n       add a new partition
o       create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)
p       print the partition table
q       quit without saving changes
r       recovery and transformation options (experts only)
s       sort partitions
t       change a partition's type code
v       verify disk
w       write table to disk and exit
x       extra functionality (experts only)
?       print this menu

Command (? for help): i
Partition number (1-2): 1
Partition GUID code: E3C9E316-0B5C-4DB8-817D-F92DF00215AE (Microsoft reserved)
Partition unique GUID: FAC8A871-BABA-4E17-AD0E-7B1DFCD7A34D
First sector: 34 (at 17.0 KiB)
Last sector: 32767 (at 16.0 MiB)
Partition size: 32734 sectors (16.0 MiB)
Attribute flags: 0000000000000000
Partition name: 'Microsoft reserved partition'

Command (? for help): d
Partition number (1-2): 1		(パーティションの 1つめを削除)

Command (? for help): d
Using 2		(パーティションの 2つめを削除)

Command (? for help): 2
b       back up GPT data to a file
c       change a partition's name
d       delete a partition
i       show detailed information on a partition
l       list known partition types
n       add a new partition
o       create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)
p       print the partition table
q       quit without saving changes
r       recovery and transformation options (experts only)
s       sort partitions
t       change a partition's type code
v       verify disk
w       write table to disk and exit
x       extra functionality (experts only)
?       print this menu

Command (? for help): w		(書き込み)

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/nvme1n1.
The operation has completed successfully.

パーティションが削除されたことを確認

root@hair:~# fdisk -l
...snip

Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 3.73 TiB, 4096805658624 bytes, 8001573552 sectors
Disk model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 994A3D8A-9029-4317-A21F-0D17ED84B21B
root@hair:~#

パーティションを作成

予備領域に 1割程度残しておく

root@hair:~# gdisk /dev/nvme1n1
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9

Partition table scan:
  MBR: protective
  BSD: not present
  APM: not present
  GPT: present

Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.

Command (? for help): o
This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
Proceed? (Y/N): y

Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 8001573552 sectors, 3.7 TiB
Model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 6D322235-AF6F-475E-878E-9D586E15FF5F
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 8001573518
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 8001573485 sectors (3.7 TiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name

Command (? for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (34-8001573518, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Last sector (2048-8001573518, default = 8001572863) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: -370G	(予備領域に 1割程度残しておく)
Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem)
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):
Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'

Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 8001573552 sectors, 3.7 TiB
Model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 6D322235-AF6F-475E-878E-9D586E15FF5F
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 8001573518
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 775948254 sectors (370.0 GiB)

Number  Start (sector)    End (sector)  Size       Code  Name
   1            2048      7225627278   3.4 TiB     8300  Linux filesystem

Command (? for help): w

Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!

Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/nvme1n1.
The operation has completed successfully.
root@hair:~#

作成されたパーティションの確認

3.4TB の領域を確保された

root@hair:~# fdisk -l /dev/nvme1n1
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 3.73 TiB, 4096805658624 bytes, 8001573552 sectors
Disk model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 6D322235-AF6F-475E-878E-9D586E15FF5F

Device         Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
/dev/nvme1n1p1  2048 7225627278 7225625231  3.4T Linux filesystem

btrfs でフォーマット

root@hair:~# mkfs.btrfs -L mylabel -n 64k /dev/nvme1n1p1
btrfs-progs v6.2
See http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org for more information.

Performing full device TRIM /dev/nvme1n1p1 (3.36TiB) ...
NOTE: several default settings have changed in version 5.15, please make sure
      this does not affect your deployments:
      - DUP for metadata (-m dup)
      - enabled no-holes (-O no-holes)
      - enabled free-space-tree (-R free-space-tree)

Label:              mylabel
UUID:               66cf8320-0e40-481c-94d8-92a17ac46b26
Node size:          65536
Sector size:        4096
Filesystem size:    3.36TiB
Block group profiles:
  Data:             single            8.00MiB
  Metadata:         DUP               1.00GiB
  System:           DUP               8.00MiB
SSD detected:       yes
Zoned device:       no
Incompat features:  extref, skinny-metadata, no-holes
Runtime features:   free-space-tree
Checksum:           crc32c
Number of devices:  1
Devices:
   ID        SIZE  PATH
    1     3.36TiB  /dev/nvme1n1p1

ディスクを追加

/ パーティションにディスクを追加

root@hair:~# btrfs device add -f /dev/nvme1n1p1 /
Performing full device TRIM /dev/nvme1n1p1 (3.36TiB) ...
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~# btrfs filesystem show
Label: none  uuid: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
        Total devices 2 FS bytes used 207.67GiB
        devid    1 size 952.87GiB used 226.02GiB path /dev/nvme0n1p3
        devid    2 size 3.36TiB used 0.00B path /dev/nvme1n1p1

使用量を確認

ディスクの使用量を確認

root@hair:~# btrfs filesystem usage /
Overall:
    Device size:                   4.29TiB
    Device allocated:            226.02GiB
    Device unallocated:            4.07TiB
    Device missing:                  0.00B
    Device slack:                  7.00KiB
    Used:                        207.67GiB
    Free (estimated):              4.09TiB      (min: 4.09TiB)
    Free (statfs, df):             4.09TiB
    Data ratio:                       1.00
    Metadata ratio:                   1.00
    Global reserve:              260.78MiB      (used: 0.00B)
    Multiple profiles:                  no

Data,single: Size:224.01GiB, Used:207.27GiB (92.53%)
   /dev/nvme0n1p3        224.01GiB

Metadata,single: Size:2.01GiB, Used:410.36MiB (19.96%)
   /dev/nvme0n1p3          2.01GiB

System,single: Size:4.00MiB, Used:48.00KiB (1.17%)
   /dev/nvme0n1p3          4.00MiB

Unallocated:
   /dev/nvme0n1p3        726.85GiB
   /dev/nvme1n1p1          3.36TiB
root@hair:~#

ディスクのチェック

btrfs scrub start / で開始
btrfs scrub status / で実行状況を表示

root@hair:~# btrfs scrub start /
scrub started on /, fsid f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8 (pid=735633)
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~# btrfs scrub status /
UUID:             f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
Scrub started:    Mon Jan 20 05:49:53 2025
Status:           running
Duration:         0:00:10
Time left:        0:01:14
ETA:              Mon Jan 20 05:51:17 2025
Total to scrub:   207.67GiB
Bytes scrubbed:   24.70GiB  (11.90%)
Rate:             2.47GiB/s
Error summary:    no errors found
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~# btrfs scrub status /
UUID:             f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
Scrub started:    Mon Jan 20 05:49:53 2025
Status:           running
Duration:         0:01:10
Time left:        0:00:06
ETA:              Mon Jan 20 05:51:10 2025
Total to scrub:   207.67GiB
Bytes scrubbed:   189.80GiB  (91.39%)
Rate:             2.71GiB/s
Error summary:    csum=10
  Corrected:      0
  Uncorrectable:  10		← エラーを検出
  Unverified:     0
root@hair:~# ERROR: there are uncorrectable errors

root@hair:~# btrfs scrub status /
UUID:             f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
Scrub started:    Mon Jan 20 05:49:53 2025
Status:           finished
Duration:         0:01:16
Total to scrub:   207.67GiB
Rate:             2.73GiB/s
Error summary:    csum=10
  Corrected:      0
  Uncorrectable:  10
  Unverified:     0
root@hair:~#

btrfs check でディスクをチェックしてみる

エラーが出たので btrfs check を実行してみる
ディスクをマウントしているので readonly で --force を使う

root@hair:~# btrfs check --force --backup /dev/nvme0n1p3
Opening filesystem to check...
WARNING: filesystem mounted, continuing because of --force
Checking filesystem on /dev/nvme0n1p3
UUID: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
[1/7] checking root items
[2/7] checking extents
super bytes used 222982537216 mismatches actual used 222982561792
ERROR: errors found in extent allocation tree or chunk allocation
[3/7] checking free space tree
[4/7] checking fs roots
[5/7] checking only csums items (without verifying data)
[6/7] checking root refs
[7/7] checking quota groups skipped (not enabled on this FS)
found 222982561792 bytes used, error(s) found
total csum bytes: 195223260
total tree bytes: 430473216
total fs tree bytes: 155009024
total extent tree bytes: 50462720
btree space waste bytes: 60067299
file data blocks allocated: 2684188442624
 referenced 179438419968

エラーがありますねぇ。

nvme1n1p1 もチェックしてみる

root@hair:~# btrfs check --force --backup /dev/nvme1n1p1
Opening filesystem to check...
WARNING: filesystem mounted, continuing because of --force
Checking filesystem on /dev/nvme1n1p1
UUID: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
[1/7] checking root items
[2/7] checking extents
[3/7] checking free space tree
[4/7] checking fs roots
[5/7] checking only csums items (without verifying data)
[6/7] checking root refs
[7/7] checking quota groups skipped (not enabled on this FS)
found 222982537216 bytes used, no error found
total csum bytes: 195223236
total tree bytes: 430473216
total fs tree bytes: 155009024
total extent tree bytes: 50462720
btree space waste bytes: 60067111
file data blocks allocated: 2684188418048
 referenced 179438428160
root@hair:~#

流石に追加したばかりではエラー無し

デバイス一覧の表示

root@hair:~# btrfs device scan
Scanning for Btrfs filesystems
registered: /dev/nvme0n1p3
registered: /dev/nvme1n1p1

nvme0n1p3 の方にエラーがありそうなのでディスクを取り外してみる。

root@hair:~# btrfs device delete /dev/nvme0n1p3 /
ERROR: error removing device '/dev/nvme0n1p3': Input/output error

読めないので、nvme1n1p1 側へコピーできずエラーになるっぽい。
残念。