既存の 1TB に 4TB の SSD を追加
既存のディスクを確認
使用量を表示
root@hair:~# btrfs filesystem usage /
Overall:
Device size: 952.87GiB
Device allocated: 225.02GiB
Device unallocated: 727.85GiB
Device missing: 0.00B
Device slack: 3.50KiB
Used: 208.12GiB
Free (estimated): 743.12GiB (min: 743.12GiB)
Free (statfs, df): 743.12GiB
Data ratio: 1.00
Metadata ratio: 1.00
Global reserve: 257.08MiB (used: 0.00B)
Multiple profiles: no
Data,single: Size:223.01GiB, Used:207.73GiB (93.15%)
/dev/nvme0n1p3 223.01GiB
Metadata,single: Size:2.01GiB, Used:403.19MiB (19.61%)
/dev/nvme0n1p3 2.01GiB
System,single: Size:4.00MiB, Used:48.00KiB (1.17%)
/dev/nvme0n1p3 4.00MiB
Unallocated:
/dev/nvme0n1p3 727.85GiB
root@hair:~# btrfs filesystem df /
Data, single: total=223.01GiB, used=207.73GiB
System, single: total=4.00MiB, used=48.00KiB
Metadata, single: total=2.01GiB, used=403.22MiB
GlobalReserve, single: total=257.08MiB, used=0.00B
ディスクの一覧を表示
root@hair:~# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
nvme0n1 259:0 0 953.9G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:1 0 1007K 0 part
├─nvme0n1p2 259:2 0 1G 0 part /boot/efi
└─nvme0n1p3 259:3 0 952.9G 0 part /
nvme1n1 259:4 0 3.7T 0 disk
├─nvme1n1p1 259:5 0 16M 0 part
└─nvme1n1p2 259:6 0 3.7T 0 part
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 953.87 GiB, 1024209543168 bytes, 2000409264 sectors
Disk model: KINGSTON OM8PGP41024N-A0
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: F7D607A5-5933-41DF-B419-1EDF56F85A7A
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme0n1p1 34 2047 2014 1007K BIOS boot
/dev/nvme0n1p2 2048 2099199 2097152 1G EFI System
/dev/nvme0n1p3 2099200 2000409230 1998310031 952.9G Linux filesystem
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 3.73 TiB, 4096805658624 bytes, 8001573552 sectors
Disk model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 994A3D8A-9029-4317-A21F-0D17ED84B21B
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme1n1p1 34 32767 32734 16M Microsoft reserved
/dev/nvme1n1p2 32768 8001570815 8001538048 3.7T Linux filesystem
root@hair:~#
今使っているのは /dev/nvme0n1p3 (nvme0n1)
追加するのは /dev/nvme1
あら？最初は Type が NTFS って表示されてたのに色々とやっているうちに Linux filesystem ってなってますねぇ。まぁ、NTFS だったということで。
やってなかったけども、ここで btrfs scrub start / と btrfs scrub status / でディスクを壊れていないことを確認した方が良いかもしれない。
既存のパーティションを削除する
Windows で使っていたので /dev/nvme1n1 のパーティションを削除する
root@hair:~# gdisk /dev/nvme1n1
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Command (? for help): ?
b back up GPT data to a file
c change a partition's name
d delete a partition
i show detailed information on a partition
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
o create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
r recovery and transformation options (experts only)
s sort partitions
t change a partition's type code
v verify disk
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
? print this menu
Command (? for help): i
Partition number (1-2): 1
Partition GUID code: E3C9E316-0B5C-4DB8-817D-F92DF00215AE (Microsoft reserved)
Partition unique GUID: FAC8A871-BABA-4E17-AD0E-7B1DFCD7A34D
First sector: 34 (at 17.0 KiB)
Last sector: 32767 (at 16.0 MiB)
Partition size: 32734 sectors (16.0 MiB)
Attribute flags: 0000000000000000
Partition name: 'Microsoft reserved partition'
Command (? for help): d
Partition number (1-2): 1 (パーティションの 1つめを削除)
Command (? for help): d
Using 2 (パーティションの 2つめを削除)
Command (? for help): 2
b back up GPT data to a file
c change a partition's name
d delete a partition
i show detailed information on a partition
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
o create a new empty GUID partition table (GPT)
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
r recovery and transformation options (experts only)
s sort partitions
t change a partition's type code
v verify disk
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
? print this menu
Command (? for help): w (書き込み)
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/nvme1n1.
The operation has completed successfully.
パーティションが削除されたことを確認
root@hair:~# fdisk -l
...snip
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 3.73 TiB, 4096805658624 bytes, 8001573552 sectors
Disk model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 994A3D8A-9029-4317-A21F-0D17ED84B21B
root@hair:~#
パーティションを作成
予備領域に 1割程度残しておく
root@hair:~# gdisk /dev/nvme1n1
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 1.0.9
Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present
Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Command (? for help): o
This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
Proceed? (Y/N): y
Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 8001573552 sectors, 3.7 TiB
Model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 6D322235-AF6F-475E-878E-9D586E15FF5F
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 8001573518
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 8001573485 sectors (3.7 TiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1):
First sector (34-8001573518, default = 2048) or {+-}size{KMGTP}:
Last sector (2048-8001573518, default = 8001572863) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: -370G (予備領域に 1割程度残しておく)
Current type is 8300 (Linux filesystem)
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300):
Changed type of partition to 'Linux filesystem'
Command (? for help): p
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 8001573552 sectors, 3.7 TiB
Model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Sector size (logical/physical): 512/512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 6D322235-AF6F-475E-878E-9D586E15FF5F
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
Main partition table begins at sector 2 and ends at sector 33
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 8001573518
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 775948254 sectors (370.0 GiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 7225627278 3.4 TiB 8300 Linux filesystem
Command (? for help): w
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/nvme1n1.
The operation has completed successfully.
root@hair:~#
作成されたパーティションの確認
3.4TB の領域を確保された
root@hair:~# fdisk -l /dev/nvme1n1
Disk /dev/nvme1n1: 3.73 TiB, 4096805658624 bytes, 8001573552 sectors
Disk model: SPCC M.2 PCIe SSD
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: 6D322235-AF6F-475E-878E-9D586E15FF5F
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/nvme1n1p1 2048 7225627278 7225625231 3.4T Linux filesystem
btrfs でフォーマット
root@hair:~# mkfs.btrfs -L mylabel -n 64k /dev/nvme1n1p1
btrfs-progs v6.2
See http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org for more information.
Performing full device TRIM /dev/nvme1n1p1 (3.36TiB) ...
NOTE: several default settings have changed in version 5.15, please make sure
this does not affect your deployments:
- DUP for metadata (-m dup)
- enabled no-holes (-O no-holes)
- enabled free-space-tree (-R free-space-tree)
Label: mylabel
UUID: 66cf8320-0e40-481c-94d8-92a17ac46b26
Node size: 65536
Sector size: 4096
Filesystem size: 3.36TiB
Block group profiles:
Data: single 8.00MiB
Metadata: DUP 1.00GiB
System: DUP 8.00MiB
SSD detected: yes
Zoned device: no
Incompat features: extref, skinny-metadata, no-holes
Runtime features: free-space-tree
Checksum: crc32c
Number of devices: 1
Devices:
ID SIZE PATH
1 3.36TiB /dev/nvme1n1p1
ディスクを追加
/ パーティションにディスクを追加
root@hair:~# btrfs device add -f /dev/nvme1n1p1 /
Performing full device TRIM /dev/nvme1n1p1 (3.36TiB) ...
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~# btrfs filesystem show
Label: none uuid: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
Total devices 2 FS bytes used 207.67GiB
devid 1 size 952.87GiB used 226.02GiB path /dev/nvme0n1p3
devid 2 size 3.36TiB used 0.00B path /dev/nvme1n1p1
使用量を確認
ディスクの使用量を確認
root@hair:~# btrfs filesystem usage /
Overall:
Device size: 4.29TiB
Device allocated: 226.02GiB
Device unallocated: 4.07TiB
Device missing: 0.00B
Device slack: 7.00KiB
Used: 207.67GiB
Free (estimated): 4.09TiB (min: 4.09TiB)
Free (statfs, df): 4.09TiB
Data ratio: 1.00
Metadata ratio: 1.00
Global reserve: 260.78MiB (used: 0.00B)
Multiple profiles: no
Data,single: Size:224.01GiB, Used:207.27GiB (92.53%)
/dev/nvme0n1p3 224.01GiB
Metadata,single: Size:2.01GiB, Used:410.36MiB (19.96%)
/dev/nvme0n1p3 2.01GiB
System,single: Size:4.00MiB, Used:48.00KiB (1.17%)
/dev/nvme0n1p3 4.00MiB
Unallocated:
/dev/nvme0n1p3 726.85GiB
/dev/nvme1n1p1 3.36TiB
root@hair:~#
ディスクのチェック
btrfs scrub start / で開始
btrfs scrub status / で実行状況を表示
root@hair:~# btrfs scrub start /
scrub started on /, fsid f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8 (pid=735633)
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~# btrfs scrub status /
UUID: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
Scrub started: Mon Jan 20 05:49:53 2025
Status: running
Duration: 0:00:10
Time left: 0:01:14
ETA: Mon Jan 20 05:51:17 2025
Total to scrub: 207.67GiB
Bytes scrubbed: 24.70GiB (11.90%)
Rate: 2.47GiB/s
Error summary: no errors found
root@hair:~#
root@hair:~# btrfs scrub status /
UUID: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
Scrub started: Mon Jan 20 05:49:53 2025
Status: running
Duration: 0:01:10
Time left: 0:00:06
ETA: Mon Jan 20 05:51:10 2025
Total to scrub: 207.67GiB
Bytes scrubbed: 189.80GiB (91.39%)
Rate: 2.71GiB/s
Error summary: csum=10
Corrected: 0
Uncorrectable: 10 ← エラーを検出
Unverified: 0
root@hair:~# ERROR: there are uncorrectable errors
root@hair:~# btrfs scrub status /
UUID: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
Scrub started: Mon Jan 20 05:49:53 2025
Status: finished
Duration: 0:01:16
Total to scrub: 207.67GiB
Rate: 2.73GiB/s
Error summary: csum=10
Corrected: 0
Uncorrectable: 10
Unverified: 0
root@hair:~#
btrfs check でディスクをチェックしてみる
エラーが出たので btrfs check を実行してみる
ディスクをマウントしているので readonly で --force を使う
root@hair:~# btrfs check --force --backup /dev/nvme0n1p3
Opening filesystem to check...
WARNING: filesystem mounted, continuing because of --force
Checking filesystem on /dev/nvme0n1p3
UUID: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
[1/7] checking root items
[2/7] checking extents
super bytes used 222982537216 mismatches actual used 222982561792
ERROR: errors found in extent allocation tree or chunk allocation
[3/7] checking free space tree
[4/7] checking fs roots
[5/7] checking only csums items (without verifying data)
[6/7] checking root refs
[7/7] checking quota groups skipped (not enabled on this FS)
found 222982561792 bytes used, error(s) found
total csum bytes: 195223260
total tree bytes: 430473216
total fs tree bytes: 155009024
total extent tree bytes: 50462720
btree space waste bytes: 60067299
file data blocks allocated: 2684188442624
referenced 179438419968
エラーがありますねぇ。
nvme1n1p1 もチェックしてみる
root@hair:~# btrfs check --force --backup /dev/nvme1n1p1
Opening filesystem to check...
WARNING: filesystem mounted, continuing because of --force
Checking filesystem on /dev/nvme1n1p1
UUID: f21d1750-d9eb-4ea8-86ad-924c8bfdd0c8
[1/7] checking root items
[2/7] checking extents
[3/7] checking free space tree
[4/7] checking fs roots
[5/7] checking only csums items (without verifying data)
[6/7] checking root refs
[7/7] checking quota groups skipped (not enabled on this FS)
found 222982537216 bytes used, no error found
total csum bytes: 195223236
total tree bytes: 430473216
total fs tree bytes: 155009024
total extent tree bytes: 50462720
btree space waste bytes: 60067111
file data blocks allocated: 2684188418048
referenced 179438428160
root@hair:~#
流石に追加したばかりではエラー無し
デバイス一覧の表示
root@hair:~# btrfs device scan
Scanning for Btrfs filesystems
registered: /dev/nvme0n1p3
registered: /dev/nvme1n1p1
nvme0n1p3 の方にエラーがありそうなのでディスクを取り外してみる。
root@hair:~# btrfs device delete /dev/nvme0n1p3 /
ERROR: error removing device '/dev/nvme0n1p3': Input/output error
読めないので、nvme1n1p1 側へコピーできずエラーになるっぽい。
残念。