Gitの動作を理解するために、Gitのコマンドを実際に試して、結果を見てみました。
1つの記事内で一連のGitコマンドが完結しているので、これら一連のコマンドを順に実行させて結果を見ることで、一連のGitの動作を実際に体感でき、一通り独習することが可能です。
※前回記事のリポジトリ状態からの続きになっています。
| 前回記事へ | 目次へ：Git関連記事のまとめページ | 次回記事へ |
|---|
実行例
※-hで各コマンドのヘルプを表示
git -h
↓
結果:
usage: git [-v | --version] [-h | --help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
[--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
[-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
[--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
[--super-prefix=<path>] [--config-env=<name>=<envvar>]
<command> [<args>]
These are common Git commands used in various situations:
start a working area (see also: git help tutorial)
clone Clone a repository into a new directory
init Create an empty Git repository or reinitialize an existing one
work on the current change (see also: git help everyday)
add Add file contents to the index
mv Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink
restore Restore working tree files
rm Remove files from the working tree and from the index
examine the history and state (see also: git help revisions)
bisect Use binary search to find the commit that introduced a bug
diff Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
grep Print lines matching a pattern
log Show commit logs
show Show various types of objects
status Show the working tree status
grow, mark and tweak your common history
branch List, create, or delete branches
commit Record changes to the repository
merge Join two or more development histories together
rebase Reapply commits on top of another base tip
reset Reset current HEAD to the specified state
switch Switch branches
tag Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG
collaborate (see also: git help workflows)
fetch Download objects and refs from another repository
pull Fetch from and integrate with another repository or a local branch
push Update remote refs along with associated objects
'git help -a' and 'git help -g' list available subcommands and some
concept guides. See 'git help <command>' or 'git help <concept>'
to read about a specific subcommand or concept.
See 'git help git' for an overview of the system.
※例
git add -h
↓
結果:
usage: git add [<options>] [--] <pathspec>...
-n, --dry-run dry run
-v, --verbose be verbose
-i, --interactive interactive picking
-p, --patch select hunks interactively
-e, --edit edit current diff and apply
-f, --force allow adding otherwise ignored files
-u, --update update tracked files
--renormalize renormalize EOL of tracked files (implies -u)
-N, --intent-to-add record only the fact that the path will be added later
-A, --all add changes from all tracked and untracked files
--ignore-removal ignore paths removed in the working tree (same as --no-all)
--refresh don't add, only refresh the index
--ignore-errors just skip files which cannot be added because of errors
--ignore-missing check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run
--sparse allow updating entries outside of the sparse-checkout cone
--chmod (+|-)x override the executable bit of the listed files
--pathspec-from-file <file>
read pathspec from file
--pathspec-file-nul with --pathspec-from-file, pathspec elements are separated with NUL character
※例
git commit -h
↓
結果:
usage: git commit [-a | --interactive | --patch] [-s] [-v] [-u<mode>] [--amend]
[--dry-run] [(-c | -C | --squash) <commit> | --fixup [(amend|reword):]<commit>)]
[-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author] [--allow-empty]
[--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
[--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--[no-]status]
[-i | -o] [--pathspec-from-file=<file> [--pathspec-file-nul]]
[(--trailer <token>[(=|:)<value>])...] [-S[<keyid>]]
[--] [<pathspec>...]
-q, --quiet suppress summary after successful commit
-v, --verbose show diff in commit message template
Commit message options
-F, --file <file> read message from file
--author <author> override author for commit
--date <date> override date for commit
-m, --message <message>
commit message
-c, --reedit-message <commit>
reuse and edit message from specified commit
-C, --reuse-message <commit>
reuse message from specified commit
...(以降略)...
参考:
Gitのコマンドはなぜ使いにくいのか
https://qiita.com/kaitoy/items/ed22474837b943eb6d97
↓
引用:
<commit>≒<commit-ish>≒<tree-ish>＝コミットID、ブランチ、タグ、HEAD、タグオブジェクトIDなどを指定できる。
環境
Windows 10、PortableGit-2.40.0-64-bitを使用、全てローカルPC上で実施、GitHub等は不使用。