※2018/09/25 時点の内容をベースにまとめたため、古い情報が含まれています。
※各ソースは https://github.com/dai-andy1976/docker_laravel から参照できます。

#インストール
##Docker for Windowsをインストールする際の前提条件

Windows10にDocker for Windowsをインストールします。
Windowsの仮想化システムHyper-Vが必須となります。このため、Hyper-Vが使用できない**Windows10 Homeではインストールすることができません。**
Windows10 Homeの場合は、Windows10 Proにアップグレードする必要があります（アップグレードに関しては、今回取り上げません）。

##Windows10のエディションの確認方法

エクスプローラーを起動し、「PC」を右クリックします。サブウインドウから「プロパティ」を選択します。
エディションが確認できます。

##Hyper-Vの有効化

Windowsのスタートボタンを右クリックします。「アプリと機能」を選択します。
「プログラムと機能」をクリックします。
「Windowsの機能の有効化または無効化」をクリックします。
「Hyper-V」にチェックを入れます。

##Docker for Windowsのインストール

ダウンロードサイト(https://store.docker.com/editions/community/docker-ce-desktop-windows) へアクセスします。

「Get Docker for Windows(Stable)」ボタンを押下して、安定版をダウンロードします。

※ダウンロードする際に、アカウントの登録が必要となります。
ダウンロードしたファイルをクリックします。
インストーラーが起動します。デフォルトの設定のまま「OK」ボタンを押下して進めてください。
パッケージがインストールされます。
インストールが終わると「installation succeeded」と表示されます。「Close」ボタンを押下して、インストールを終了してください。
Docker for Windowsのインストールが終わったら、一旦 PCを再起動してください。
PC起動後、タスクバーに「Docker for Windows」のアイコンが追加されている事を確認します。
アイコンを右クリックし、「Settings」を選択します。
設定メニューが表示されます。
「Shared Drivers」を選択します。PCのCドライブをディスク領域としてDockerで使用するので、チェックを入れいます。「Apply」ボタンを押下します。
「Network」を選択します。DNS Serverを「Fixed 8.8.8.8」で設定します。「Apply」ボタンを押下します。
アイコンを右クリックし、「Sign in / Create Docker ID」を選択します。
Docker ID と Password を入力し、「Sign in」ボタンを押下して、Docker Cloudへログインします。
Docker Cloudのアカウントを取得していない場合は、https://cloud.docker.com でアカウントを取得してください。

##Docker for Windowsの起動確認

Windowsのスタートボタンを右クリックします。「Windows PowerShell(管理者)」を選択します。
Windows PowerShell(管理者)が起動します。「docker version」を入力します。

※ClientとServerの情報が表示されることを確認してください。

PS C:\WINDOWS\system32> docker version
Client:
 Version:           18.06.1-ce
 API version:       1.38
 Go version:        go1.10.3
 Git commit:        e68fc7a
 Built:             Tue Aug 21 17:21:34 2018
 OS/Arch:           windows/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server:
 Engine:
  Version:          18.06.1-ce
  API version:      1.38 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.10.3
  Git commit:       e68fc7a
  Built:            Tue Aug 21 17:29:02 2018
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false

#DB構築
※ここでは「Gauth」というプロジェクトを例にしています。

##ディレクトリ作成

Windows PowerShell(管理者)を起動します。CドライブのルートディレクトリにあるDockerディレクトリ直下に、Gauthディレクトリを作成します。

※CドライブのルートディレクトリにあるDockerディレクトリが無い場合は、Dockerディレクトリを作成してください。

PS C:\> cd C:\Docker\
PS C:\Docker> mkdir Gauth


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/09/25     10:20                Gauth

プロジェクト用ディレクトリ内に、MySQL用ディレクトリ（データディレクトリ含む）を作成します。

PS C:\Docker> cd .\Gauth\
PS C:\Docker\Gauth> mkdir mysql


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/09/25     10:22                mysql


PS C:\Docker\Gauth> cd .\mysql\
PS C:\Docker\Gauth\mysql> mkdir mysql_data


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth\mysql


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/09/25     10:22                mysql_data

##Dockerfileとmy.cnfの作成

MySQL用のイメージ作成定義ファイルDockerfileと、MySQLの定義ファイルmy.cnfファイルを作成します。mysqlディレクトリ直下に、Dockerfileとmy.cnfを作成します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth\mysql> ls


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth\mysql


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/09/25     10:22                mysql_data
-a----       2018/09/25     10:30            128 Dockerfile
-a----       2018/09/25     10:31            116 my.cnf

Dockerfile

FROM mysql:5.7
EXPOSE 3306

ADD ./my.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
RUN chmod 644 /etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf

CMD ["mysqld"]

my.cnf

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[client]
default-character-set=utf8

##docker-compose.ymlの作成

Dockerの管理ファイルdocker-compose.ymlを作成します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> ls


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/09/25     10:30                mysql
-a----       2018/09/25     10:35            502 docker-compose.yml

docker-compose.yml

version: "3"
services:
  db:
    build: ./mysql
    ports:
      - 3307:3306
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
      TZ: Asia/Tokyo
    volumes:
      - ./mysql/mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql
    container_name: "mysql5.7"
  phpmyadmin:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest
    links:
      - db
    ports:
      - 8080:80
    environment:
      - PMA_ARBITRARY=1
      - PMA_HOST=db
    container_name: "phpmyamin-la"

##Dockerイメージ作成

MySQLのDockerイメージを作成します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose build
Building db
Step 1/5 : FROM mysql:5.7
 ---> 563a026a1511
Step 2/5 : EXPOSE 3306
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 14c5b3522dcb
Step 3/5 : ADD ./my.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
 ---> bb0ed17eb1f2
Step 4/5 : RUN chmod 644 /etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
 ---> Running in b905b1a1c0d3
Removing intermediate container b905b1a1c0d3
 ---> 62d2c1e30c11
Step 5/5 : CMD ["mysqld"]
 ---> Running in ba5835ff49bd
Removing intermediate container ba5835ff49bd
 ---> b13e71bd1d84
Successfully built b13e71bd1d84
Successfully tagged gauth_db:latest
phpmyadmin uses an image, skipping

作成したイメージを確認します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker images
REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED              SIZE
gauth_db                   latest              b13e71bd1d84        About a minute ago   372MB
mysql                      5.7                 563a026a1511        2 weeks ago          372MB
phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin      latest              126b8717cebb        4 weeks ago          166MB
centos                     7.4.1708            d3949e34634c        7 weeks ago          197MB
docker4w/nsenter-dockerd   latest              cae870735e91        11 months ago        187kB

##Dockerコンテナ作成

MySQLとPHP MyAdminのDockerコンテナを起動します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose up -d
Creating network "gauth_default" with the default driver
Creating mysql5.7 ... done
Creating phpmyamin-la ... done

起動したコンテナを確認します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                          COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
4bf256c36729        phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest   "/run.sh supervisord…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   9000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp      phpmyamin-la
9295ffc1afc9        gauth_db                       "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp   mysql5.7

##PHP MyAdminからDBへのアクセス

ブラウザで http://localhost:8080/ へアクセスします。

PHP MyAdmin が表示されることを確認します。

※表示されない場合は、docker ps でコンテナが正常に起動しているか確認してください。
PHP MyAdminへログインします。
サーバ：db、ユーザ名：root、パスワード：root を入力し、実行ボタンを押下してください。
ログイン後のPHP MyAdminの画面が表示されます。

##データベースの追加

データベースを追加します。

「NEW」を選択してください。
データベースを新規に作成します。

データベース名と文字コードを入力し、「作成」ボタンを押下してください。
データベースが作成されました。

#WEB構築
##Dockerfileとapache.confの作成

プロジェクト用ディレクトリ内に、PHP用ディレクトリを作成します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> mkdir apache-php


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/09/25     11:47                apache-php

PHP用のイメージ作成定義ファイルDockerfileと、apacheの設定ファイルを作成します。

apache-phpディレクトリ直下に、Dockerfileとapache.confを作成します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> cd .\apache-php\
PS C:\Docker\Gauth\apache-php> ls


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth\apache-php


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
-a----       2018/09/25     11:54          11826 apache.conf
-a----       2018/09/25     11:50           1017 Dockerfile

Dockerfile

FROM centos:7.4.1708

RUN yum -y update

# 言語を日本語に設定
RUN localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
RUN echo 'LANG="ja_JP.UTF-8"' >  /etc/locale.conf
ENV LANG ja_JP.UTF-8

# 日付を日本語に設定
RUN echo 'ZONE="Asia/Tokyo"' > /etc/sysconfig/clock
RUN rm -f /etc/localtime
RUN ln -fs /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Tokyo /etc/localtime

# 外部リポジトリ（EPEL, Remi）を追加
RUN yum -y install epel-release
RUN yum -y install http://rpms.remirepo.net/enterprise/remi-release-7.rpm

# apache その他 phpパッケージを導入
RUN yum -y install httpd
RUN yum -y install --enablerepo=remi,remi-php71 php php-cli php-common php-devel php-fpm php-gd php-mbstring php-mysqlnd php-pdo php-pear php-pecl-apcu php-soap php-xml php-xmlrpc
RUN yum -y install zip unzip

# composerのインストール
RUN curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
RUN mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd","-D","FOREGROUND"]

WORKDIR /var/www/html

apache.conf

#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so 'log/access_log'
# with ServerRoot set to '/www' will be interpreted by the
# server as '/www/log/access_log', where as '/log/access_log' will be
# interpreted as '/log/access_log'.

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used.  If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf

#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User apache
Group apache

# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin root@localhost

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80

#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all denied
</Directory>

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"

#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
<Directory "/var/www">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

# Further relax access to the default document root:
<Directory "/var/www/html">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    AllowOverride None

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    Require all granted
</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<Files ".ht*">
    Require all denied
</Files>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    #CustomLog "logs/access_log" common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

#
# "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    AddType text/html .shtml
    AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables
# interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default.  To use the
# default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags
# in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this
# directive:
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

<IfModule mime_magic_module>
    #
    # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
    # contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
    # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
    #
    MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on

# Supplemental configuration
#
# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

##docker-compose.ymlの修正

Dockerの管理ファイルdocker-compose.ymlを修正します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauthk\apache-php> cd ..
PS C:\Docker\Gauth> cp .\docker-compose.yml .\docker-compose_0.yml
PS C:\Docker\Gauth> ls


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/09/25     11:57                apache-php
d-----       2018/09/25     10:30                mysql
-a----       2018/09/25     12:05            723 docker-compose.yml
-a----       2018/09/25     10:51            454 docker-compose_0.yml

docker-compose.yml

version: "3"
services:
  web:
    build:
      context: ./apache-php
    ports: 
      - 80:80
    privileged: true
    volumes:
      - "./:/var/www/html"
    container_name: "apache-php"
  db:
    build: ./mysql
    ports:
      - 3307:3306
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
      TZ: Asia/Tokyo
    volumes:
      - ./mysql/mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql
    container_name: "mysql5.7"
  phpmyadmin:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest
    links:
      - db
    ports:
      - 8080:80
    environment:
      - PMA_ARBITRARY=1
      - PMA_HOST=db
    container_name: "phpmyamin-la"

##Dockerイメージ作成

PHPのDockerイメージを作成します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose build
Building web
Step 1/17 : FROM centos:7.4.1708
 ---> d3949e34634c
Step 2/17 : RUN yum -y update
 ---> Running in ab1c14ee5e24
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Determining fastest mirrors
 * base: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
 * extras: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
 * updates: ftp.jaist.ac.jp
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package acl.x86_64 0:2.2.51-12.el7 will be updated
---> Package acl.x86_64 0:2.2.51-14.el7 will be an update

（省略）

Step 17/17 : WORKDIR /var/www/html
 ---> Running in 914911931e22
Removing intermediate container 914911931e22
 ---> 76572461628d
Successfully built 76572461628d
Successfully tagged gauth_web:latest
Building db
Step 1/5 : FROM mysql:5.7
 ---> 563a026a1511
Step 2/5 : EXPOSE 3306
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 14c5b3522dcb
Step 3/5 : ADD ./my.cnf /etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
 ---> Using cache
 ---> bb0ed17eb1f2
Step 4/5 : RUN chmod 644 /etc/mysql/conf.d/my.cnf
 ---> Using cache
 ---> 62d2c1e30c11
Step 5/5 : CMD ["mysqld"]
 ---> Using cache
 ---> b13e71bd1d84
Successfully built b13e71bd1d84
Successfully tagged gauth_db:latest
phpmyadmin uses an image, skipping

作成したイメージを確認します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker images
REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
gauth_web                  latest              76572461628d        18 minutes ago      1.16GB
gauth_db                   latest              b13e71bd1d84        3 hours ago         372MB
mysql                      5.7                 563a026a1511        2 weeks ago         372MB
phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin      latest              126b8717cebb        4 weeks ago         166MB
centos                     7.4.1708            d3949e34634c        7 weeks ago         197MB
docker4w/nsenter-dockerd   latest              cae870735e91        11 months ago       187kB

##Dockerコンテナ作成

PHPとMySQLとPHP MyAdminのDockerコンテナを起動します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose up -d
mysql5.7 is up-to-date
phpmyamin-la is up-to-date
Creating apache-php ... done

起動したコンテナを確認します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                          COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
f2cbabf9cf23        gauth_web                      "/usr/sbin/httpd -D …"   47 seconds ago      Up 46 seconds       0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp                  apache-php
f78aa9b98c39        phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest   "/run.sh supervisord…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    9000/tcp, 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp      phpmyamin-la
2798a0df5134        gauth_db                       "docker-entrypoint.s…"   About an hour ago   Up About an hour    33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp   mysql5.7

##画面表示

ブラウザで http://localhost/ へアクセスします。
WEB画面（apacheのデフォルト画面）が表示されることを確認します。

##Laravelのプロジェクトを作成する

「g-auth」というプロジェクト名で、Laravelのプロジェクトを作成します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose exec web composer create-project "laravel/laravel=5.5.*" g-auth
Do not run Composer as root/super user! See https://getcomposer.org/root for details
Installing laravel/laravel (v5.5.28)
  - Installing laravel/laravel (v5.5.28): Downloading (100%)
Created project in g-auth
> @php -r "file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');"
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
Package operations: 71 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
  - Installing symfony/thanks (v1.1.0): Downloading (100%)
  - Installing vlucas/phpdotenv (v2.5.1): Downloading (100%)

（省略）

laravel/framework suggests installing symfony/psr-http-message-bridge (Required to psr7 bridging features (~1.0).)
psy/psysh suggests installing ext-pdo-sqlite (The doc command requires SQLite to work.)
psy/psysh suggests installing hoa/console (A pure PHP readline implementation. You'll want this if your PHP install doesn't already support readline or libedit.)
filp/whoops suggests installing whoops/soap (Formats errors as SOAP responses)
sebastian/global-state suggests installing ext-uopz (*)
phpunit/php-code-coverage suggests installing ext-xdebug (^2.5.5)
phpunit/phpunit suggests installing phpunit/php-invoker (^1.1)
phpunit/phpunit suggests installing ext-xdebug (*)
Writing lock file
Generating optimized autoload files
> Illuminate\Foundation\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump
> @php artisan package:discover
Discovered Package: fideloper/proxy
Discovered Package: laravel/tinker
Discovered Package: nesbot/carbon
Package manifest generated successfully.
> @php artisan key:generate
Application key [base64:S476buAXq0ZpDUtd4aq8bDk+9sLOLqh081thjc2ufcw=] set successfully.

作成したプロジェクト（g-authディレクトリ内）の .env ファイルを修正します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth\g-auth> ls


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth\g-auth


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                app
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                bootstrap
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                config
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                database
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                public
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                resources
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                routes
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                storage
d-----       2018/01/04      1:52                tests
d-----       2018/09/25     14:15                vendor
-a----       2018/09/25     14:15            616 .env
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52            565 .env.example
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52            111 .gitattributes
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52            146 .gitignore
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52           1686 artisan
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52           1413 composer.json
-a----       2018/09/25     14:15         145721 composer.lock
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52           1125 package.json
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52           1040 phpunit.xml
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52           3550 readme.md
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52            563 server.php
-a----       2018/01/04      1:52            549 webpack.mix.js

.env

APP_NAME=Laravel
APP_ENV=local
APP_KEY=base64:S476buAXq0ZpDUtd4aq8bDk+9sLOLqh081thjc2ufcw=
APP_DEBUG=true
APP_LOG_LEVEL=debug
APP_URL=http://localhost

DB_CONNECTION=mysql
//DB_HOST=127.0.0.1
DB_HOST=mysql5.7

DB_PORT=3306
//DB_DATABASE=homestead
//DB_USERNAME=homestead
//DB_PASSWORD=secret
DB_DATABASE=g_auth
DB_USERNAME=root
DB_PASSWORD=root

BROADCAST_DRIVER=log
CACHE_DRIVER=file
SESSION_DRIVER=file
SESSION_LIFETIME=120
QUEUE_DRIVER=sync

REDIS_HOST=127.0.0.1
REDIS_PASSWORD=null
REDIS_PORT=6379

MAIL_DRIVER=smtp
MAIL_HOST=smtp.mailtrap.io
MAIL_PORT=2525
MAIL_USERNAME=null
MAIL_PASSWORD=null
MAIL_ENCRYPTION=null

PUSHER_APP_ID=
PUSHER_APP_KEY=
PUSHER_APP_SECRET=
PUSHER_APP_CLUSTER=mt1

apache-phpディレクトリ内にある apache.conf を修正します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth\g-auth> cd ..\apache-php\
PS C:\Docker\Gauth\apache-php> ls


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth\apache-php


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
-a----       2018/09/25     14:31          11899 apache.conf
-a----       2018/09/25     13:38           1018 Dockerfile

apache.conf

#
# This is the main Apache HTTP server configuration file.  It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/> for detailed information.
# In particular, see
# <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/directives.html>
# for a discussion of each configuration directive.
#
# Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding
# what they do.  They're here only as hints or reminders.  If you are unsure
# consult the online docs. You have been warned.
#
# Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many
# of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the
# server will use that explicit path.  If the filenames do *not* begin
# with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so 'log/access_log'
# with ServerRoot set to '/www' will be interpreted by the
# server as '/www/log/access_log', where as '/log/access_log' will be
# interpreted as '/log/access_log'.

#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# Do not add a slash at the end of the directory path.  If you point
# ServerRoot at a non-local disk, be sure to specify a local disk on the
# Mutex directive, if file-based mutexes are used.  If you wish to share the
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/etc/httpd"

#
# Listen: Allows you to bind Apache to specific IP addresses and/or
# ports, instead of the default. See also the <VirtualHost>
# directive.
#
# Change this to Listen on specific IP addresses as shown below to
# prevent Apache from glomming onto all bound IP addresses.
#
#Listen 12.34.56.78:80
Listen 80

#
# Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support
#
# To be able to use the functionality of a module which was built as a DSO you
# have to place corresponding `LoadModule' lines at this location so the
# directives contained in it are actually available _before_ they are used.
# Statically compiled modules (those listed by `httpd -l') do not need
# to be loaded here.
#
# Example:
# LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so
#
Include conf.modules.d/*.conf

#
# If you wish httpd to run as a different user or group, you must run
# httpd as root initially and it will switch.
#
# User/Group: The name (or #number) of the user/group to run httpd as.
# It is usually good practice to create a dedicated user and group for
# running httpd, as with most system services.
#
User apache
Group apache

# 'Main' server configuration
#
# The directives in this section set up the values used by the 'main'
# server, which responds to any requests that aren't handled by a
# <VirtualHost> definition.  These values also provide defaults for
# any <VirtualHost> containers you may define later in the file.
#
# All of these directives may appear inside <VirtualHost> containers,
# in which case these default settings will be overridden for the
# virtual host being defined.
#

#
# ServerAdmin: Your address, where problems with the server should be
# e-mailed.  This address appears on some server-generated pages, such
# as error documents.  e.g. admin@your-domain.com
#
ServerAdmin root@localhost

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
#
#ServerName www.example.com:80

#
# Deny access to the entirety of your server's filesystem. You must
# explicitly permit access to web content directories in other
# <Directory> blocks below.
#
<Directory />
    AllowOverride none
    Require all denied
</Directory>

#
# Note that from this point forward you must specifically allow
# particular features to be enabled - so if something's not working as
# you might expect, make sure that you have specifically enabled it
# below.
#

#
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
#※変更する
#DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/public"

#
# Relax access to content within /var/www.
#
<Directory "/var/www">
    AllowOverride None
    # Allow open access:
    Require all granted
</Directory>

# Further relax access to the default document root:
#※変更する
#<Directory "/var/www/html">
<Directory "/var/www/html/public">
    #
    # Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
    # or any combination of:
    #   Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
    #
    # Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
    # doesn't give it to you.
    #
    # The Options directive is both complicated and important.  Please see
    # http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#options
    # for more information.
    #
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks

    #
    # AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
    # It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
    #   Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
    #
    #※変更する
    #AllowOverride None
    AllowOverride All

    #
    # Controls who can get stuff from this server.
    #
    Require all granted
</Directory>

#
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html
</IfModule>

#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<Files ".ht*">
    Require all denied
</Files>

#
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here.  If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"

#
# LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log.
# Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
# alert, emerg.
#
LogLevel warn

<IfModule log_config_module>
    #
    # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
    # a CustomLog directive (see below).
    #
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
    LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common

    <IfModule logio_module>
      # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O
      LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio
    </IfModule>

    #
    # The location and format of the access logfile (Common Logfile Format).
    # If you do not define any access logfiles within a <VirtualHost>
    # container, they will be logged here.  Contrariwise, if you *do*
    # define per-<VirtualHost> access logfiles, transactions will be
    # logged therein and *not* in this file.
    #
    #CustomLog "logs/access_log" common

    #
    # If you prefer a logfile with access, agent, and referer information
    # (Combined Logfile Format) you can use the following directive.
    #
    CustomLog "logs/access_log" combined
</IfModule>

<IfModule alias_module>
    #
    # Redirect: Allows you to tell clients about documents that used to
    # exist in your server's namespace, but do not anymore. The client
    # will make a new request for the document at its new location.
    # Example:
    # Redirect permanent /foo http://www.example.com/bar

    #
    # Alias: Maps web paths into filesystem paths and is used to
    # access content that does not live under the DocumentRoot.
    # Example:
    # Alias /webpath /full/filesystem/path
    #
    # If you include a trailing / on /webpath then the server will
    # require it to be present in the URL.  You will also likely
    # need to provide a <Directory> section to allow access to
    # the filesystem path.

    #
    # ScriptAlias: This controls which directories contain server scripts.
    # ScriptAliases are essentially the same as Aliases, except that
    # documents in the target directory are treated as applications and
    # run by the server when requested rather than as documents sent to the
    # client.  The same rules about trailing "/" apply to ScriptAlias
    # directives as to Alias.
    #
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/var/www/cgi-bin/"

</IfModule>

#
# "/var/www/cgi-bin" should be changed to whatever your ScriptAliased
# CGI directory exists, if you have that configured.
#
<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
    AllowOverride None
    Options None
    Require all granted
</Directory>

<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    AddType text/html .shtml
    AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>

#
# Specify a default charset for all content served; this enables
# interpretation of all content as UTF-8 by default.  To use the
# default browser choice (ISO-8859-1), or to allow the META tags
# in HTML content to override this choice, comment out this
# directive:
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8

<IfModule mime_magic_module>
    #
    # The mod_mime_magic module allows the server to use various hints from the
    # contents of the file itself to determine its type.  The MIMEMagicFile
    # directive tells the module where the hint definitions are located.
    #
    MIMEMagicFile conf/magic
</IfModule>

#
# Customizable error responses come in three flavors:
# 1) plain text 2) local redirects 3) external redirects
#
# Some examples:
#ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo."
#ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html
#ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl"
#ErrorDocument 402 http://www.example.com/subscription_info.html
#

#
# EnableMMAP and EnableSendfile: On systems that support it,
# memory-mapping or the sendfile syscall may be used to deliver
# files.  This usually improves server performance, but must
# be turned off when serving from networked-mounted
# filesystems or if support for these functions is otherwise
# broken on your system.
# Defaults if commented: EnableMMAP On, EnableSendfile Off
#
#EnableMMAP off
EnableSendfile on

# Supplemental configuration
#
# Load config files in the "/etc/httpd/conf.d" directory, if any.
IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf

#※追加する
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

Dockerの管理ファイルdocker-compose.ymlを修正します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauthk\apache-php> cd ..
PS C:\Docker\Gauth> cp .\docker-compose.yml .\docker-compose_1.yml
PS C:\Docker\Gauth> ls


    ディレクトリ: C:\Docker\Gauth


Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
d-----       2018/09/25     14:29                apache-php
d-----       2018/09/25     14:15                g-auth
d-----       2018/09/25     10:30                mysql
-a----       2018/09/25     14:54            723 docker-compose.yml
-a----       2018/09/25     10:51            454 docker-compose_0.yml
-a----       2018/09/25     13:40            629 docker-compose_1.yml

docker-compose.yml

version: "3"
services:
  web:
    build:
      context: ./apache-php
    ports:
      - 80:80
    privileged: true
    links:
      - db
    volumes:
      - "./g-auth/:/var/www/html"
      - "./apache-php/apache.conf:/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf"
    container_name: "apache-php"
  db:
    build: ./mysql
    ports:
      - 3307:3306
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
      TZ: Asia/Tokyo
    volumes:
      - ./mysql/mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql
    container_name: "mysql5.7"
  phpmyadmin:
    image: phpmyadmin/phpmyadmin:latest
    links:
      - db
    ports:
      - 8080:80
    environment:
      - PMA_ARBITRARY=1
      - PMA_HOST=db
    container_name: "phpmyamin-la"

コンテナを再起動します。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose down
Stopping phpmyamin-la ... done
Stopping mysql5.7     ... done
Stopping apache-php   ... done
Removing phpmyamin-la ... done
Removing mysql5.7     ... done
Removing apache-php   ... done
Removing network gauth_default
PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose up -d
Creating network "gauth_default" with the default driver
Creating mysql5.7 ... done
Creating apache-php   ... done
Creating phpmyamin-la ... done

##画面表示

ブラウザで http://localhost/ へアクセスします。
WEB画面（Laravelの初期画面）が表示されることを確認します。

##Laravelの認証モジュールをインストールする

Laravelの認証モジュールをインストールします。

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose exec web php artisan make:auth
Authentication scaffolding generated successfully.

PS C:\Docker\Gauth> docker-compose exec web php artisan migrate
Migration table created successfully.
Migrating: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Migrated:  2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Migrating: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
Migrated:  2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table

ブラウザで http://localhost/ へアクセスします。

WEB画面（Laravelの初期画面）が表示されることを確認します。

画面の右上に「LOGIN」「REGISTER」というリンクが表示されていることを確認します。

「REGISTER」のリンクをクリックします。
E-Mail Addressの項目には、メールアドレスを入力します。

その他の項目（Name、Password、Confirm Password）は、任意の値を入力します。

「Register」ボタンを押下します。
アカウントが登録され、ログイン後画面に遷移します。
ログアウトします。
Laravelの初期画面が表示されます。
「LOGIN」のリンクをクリックします。
アカウント登録した情報を、E-Mail Address、Passwordに入力し、「Login」ボタンを押下します。
ログイン後画面に遷移します。

以上となります。