seed-fuで関連付け (アソシエーション)のある初期データを作成する

はじめに

Railsのプロジェクトで初期データを作成する方法の1つにseed-fuがあります。
本エントリーではseed-fuを使って関連付け (アソシエーション)のある初期データの作成方法をご紹介します。

seed-fuについて

seed-fuはRailsで初期データを用意するgemの1つです。

詳細は、以下のエントリーをご覧下さい。

railsで初期データを入れる(seed-fuの使い方) - Qiita

関連付け (アソシエーション)のある初期データを入れる

この例ではAuthorモデルとBookモデルの多対多の初期データを用意します。

db/fixtures/以下のseedファイルはアルファベッド順に読み込まれるため、ファイル名のprefixに数字を入れることで、読み込む順番を制御します。

$ tree db/fixtures/
db/fixtures/
├── 01_book.rb
├── 02_author.rb
└── 03_book_author.rb

db/fixtures/01_book.rb

Book.seed do |s|
  s.id = 1
  s.name = "Book 1"
  s.published_on = Time.zone.now
  s.price = 1_500
  s.number_of_page = 150
end

Book.seed do |s|
  s.id = 2
  s.name = "Book 2"
  s.published_on = Time.zone.now
  s.price = 1_500
  s.number_of_page = 200
end

db/fixtures/02_author.rb

Author.seed do |s|
  s.id = 1
  s.name = "Hiromitsu Ito"
  s.penname = "Umeyuki Anayama"
end

db/fixtures/03_book_author.rb

BookAuthor.seed do |s|
  s.id = 1
  s.book = Book.find_by(name: "Book 1")
  s.author = Author.find_by(name: "Hiromitsu Ito")
end

BookAuthor.seed do |s|
  s.id = 2
  s.book = Book.find_by(name: "Book 2")
  s.author = Author.find_by(name: "Hiromitsu Ito")
end

$ bin/rake db:seed_fu
== Seed from /Users/umeyuki/dev/src/github.com/umeyuki/seed_fu_with_association/db/fixtures/01_book.rb
 - Book {:id=>1, :name=>"Book 1", :published_on=>Fri, 02 Sep 2016 07:57:55 UTC +00:00, :price=>1500, :number_of_page=>150}
 - Book {:id=>2, :name=>"Book 2", :published_on=>Fri, 02 Sep 2016 07:57:55 UTC +00:00, :price=>1500, :number_of_page=>200}

== Seed from /Users/umeyuki/dev/src/github.com/umeyuki/seed_fu_with_association/db/fixtures/02_author.rb
 - Author {:id=>1, :name=>"Hiromitsu Ito", :penname=>"Umeyuki Anayama"}

== Seed from /Users/umeyuki/dev/src/github.com/umeyuki/seed_fu_with_association/db/fixtures/03_book_author.rb
 - BookAuthor {:id=>1, :book=>#<Book id: 1, name: "Book 1", published_on: "2016-09-02", price: 1500, number_of_page: 150, created_at: "2016-09-02 07:52:54", updated_at: "2016-09-02 07:52:54">, :author=>#<Author id: 1, name: "Hiromitsu Ito", penname: "Umeyuki Anayama", created_at: "2016-09-02 07:52:54", updated_at: "2016-09-02 07:52:54">}
 - BookAuthor {:id=>2, :book=>#<Book id: 2, name: "Book 2", published_on: "2016-09-02", price: 1500, number_of_page: 200, created_at: "2016-09-02 07:52:54", updated_at: "2016-09-02 07:52:54">, :author=>#<Author id: 1, name: "Hiromitsu Ito", penname: "Umeyuki Anayama", created_at: "2016-09-02 07:52:54", updated_at: "2016-09-02 07:52:54">}

== Seed from 

結果

irb(main):002:0> Author.find_by(name: "Hiromitsu Ito").books
  Author Load (0.6ms)  SELECT  "authors".* FROM "authors" WHERE "authors"."id" = ? LIMIT 1  [["id", 1]]
  Book Load (1.2ms)  SELECT "books".* FROM "books" INNER JOIN "book_authors" ON "books"."id" = "book_authors"."book_id" WHERE "book_authors"."author_id" = ?  [["author_id", 1]]
=> #<ActiveRecord::Associations::CollectionProxy [#<Book id: 1, name: "Book 1", published_on: "2015-06-15", price: 1500, number_of_page: 150, created_at: "2015-06-15 10:42:55", updated_at: "2015-06-15 10:42:55">, #<Book id: 2, name: "Book 2", published_on: "2015-06-15", price: 1500, number_of_page: 200, created_at: "2015-06-15 10:42:55", updated_at: "2015-06-15 10:42:55">]>

サンプルは以下のgithubリポジトリにあります。

umeyuki/seed_fu_with_association

参考

#7 Ability to set habtm associations - Seed Fu - mbleigh