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@tsuko5963

DockerでApache+MySQL+PHPの環境を構築する

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はじめに

DockerでLAMP環境を構築する場合の備忘録です。
ToDoリストを表示するアプリです。

環境変数を使用する場合

ディレクトリ構成

$ ls -Ra
.:
.  ..  .env  Dockerfile  compose.yaml  db  src

./db:
.  ..  init

./db/init:
.  ..  init.sql

./src:
.  ..  todo_list.php

ファイル

.env　環境変数の値を記述する
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=rootpass
MYSQL_DATABASE=example_database
MYSQL_USER=example_user
MYSQL_PASSWORD=password
MYSQL_TABLE=todo_list
Dockerfile　apacheを含むPHPを使用
FROM php:8.5.2-apache
RUN apt update && apt install -y libonig-dev && docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql
compose.yaml
services:
  db:
    image: mysql:9.5.0
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ${MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}
      MYSQL_DATABASE: ${MYSQL_DATABASE}
      MYSQL_USER: ${MYSQL_USER}
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: ${MYSQL_PASSWORD}
      TZ: Asia/Tokyo
      LANG: ja_JP.UTF-8
      LC_ALL: ja_JP.UTF-8
    command:
      --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
    volumes:
      - db-data:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./db/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
  php:
    build: .
    depends_on:
      - db
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: ${MYSQL_DATABASE}
      MYSQL_USER: ${MYSQL_USER}
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: ${MYSQL_PASSWORD}
      MYSQL_TABLE: ${MYSQL_TABLE}
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    volumes:
      - ./src:/var/www/html
volumes:
  db-data:

MySQLの日本語対応のため

      TZ: Asia/Tokyo
      LANG: ja_JP.UTF-8
      LC_ALL: ja_JP.UTF-8
    command:
      --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci

データベースの初期設定のため

      - ./db/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
init.sql　データベースの初期化用のコマンド
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS example_database;

use example_database;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS todo_list(
        item_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
        content VARCHAR(255),
        PRIMARY KEY(item_id)
);

INSERT INTO todo_list (content) VALUES ("消しゴムを買う");
INSERT INTO todo_list (content) VALUES ("銀行で家賃を振り込む");
INSERT INTO todo_list (content) VALUES ("洗濯機の修理を依頼する");
todo_list.php
<?php
$user = getenv('MYSQL_USER');
$password = getenv('MYSQL_PASSWORD');
$database = getenv('MYSQL_DATABASE');
$table = getenv('MYSQL_TABLE');
$dsn = "mysql:host=db;dbname={$database};charset=utf8";
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ja">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>ToDoリスト</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div>
      <?php
      try {
        $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
        $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, false);
        $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
        $sql = "SELECT * FROM $table";
        $stm = $pdo->prepare($sql);
        $stm->execute();
        $result = $stm->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
        echo "<table border='1'>";
        echo "<thead><tr>";
        echo "<th>", "ID", "</th>";
        echo "<th>", "ToDo", "</th>";
        echo "</tr></thead>";
        echo "<tbody>";
        foreach ($result as $row){
          echo "<tr>";
          echo "<td>", $row['item_id'], "</td>";
          echo "<td>", $row['content'], "</td>";
          echo "</tr>";
        }
        echo "</tbody>";
        echo "</table>";
      } catch (Exception $e) {
        echo '<span class="error">エラーがありました。</span><br>';
        echo $e->getMessage();
        exit();
      }
      ?>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

パスワードにsecretsを使用する場合

ディレクトリ構成

$ ls -Ra
.:
.  ..  .env  Dockerfile  compose.yaml  db  mysql_password.txt  mysql_root_password.txt  src

./db:
.  ..  init

./db/init:
.  ..  init.sql

./src:
.  ..  dbsample.php  todo_list.php

ファイル

.env　環境変数の値を記述する
MYSQL_DATABASE=example_database
MYSQL_USER=example_user
MYSQL_TABLE=todo_list
Dockerfile　apacheを含むPHPを使用
FROM php:8.5.2-apache
RUN apt update && apt install -y libonig-dev && docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql
compose.yaml
services:
  db:
    image: mysql:9.5.0
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD_FILE: /run/secrets/mysql_root_password
      MYSQL_DATABASE: ${MYSQL_DATABASE}
      MYSQL_USER: ${MYSQL_USER}
      MYSQL_PASSWORD_FILE: /run/secrets/mysql_password
      TZ: Asia/Tokyo
      LANG: ja_JP.UTF-8
      LC_ALL: ja_JP.UTF-8
    command:
      --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
    secrets:
      - mysql_password
      - mysql_root_password
    volumes:
      - db-data:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./db/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d
  php:
    build: .
    depends_on:
      - db
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: ${MYSQL_DATABASE}
      MYSQL_USER: ${MYSQL_USER}
      MYSQL_PASSWORD_FILE: /run/secrets/mysql_password
      MYSQL_TABLE: ${MYSQL_TABLE}
    secrets:
      - mysql_password
    ports:
      - "8080:80"
    volumes:
      - ./src:/var/www/html
volumes:
  db-data:

secrets:
  mysql_password:
    file: ./mysql_password.txt
  mysql_root_password:
    file: ./mysql_root_password.txt
init.sql　データベースの初期化用のコマンド
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS example_database;

use example_database;

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS todo_list(
        item_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
        content VARCHAR(255),
        PRIMARY KEY(item_id)
);

INSERT INTO todo_list (content) VALUES ("消しゴムを買う");
INSERT INTO todo_list (content) VALUES ("銀行で家賃を振り込む");
INSERT INTO todo_list (content) VALUES ("洗濯機の修理を依頼する");
todo_list.php
<?php
$password_file = getenv('MYSQL_PASSWORD_FILE');
$user = getenv('MYSQL_USER');
$password = rtrim(file_get_contents($password_file));
$database = getenv('MYSQL_DATABASE');
$table = getenv('MYSQL_TABLE');
$dsn = "mysql:host=db;dbname={$database};charset=utf8";
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="ja">
  <head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>ToDoリスト</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div>
      <?php
      try {
        $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);
        $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES, false);
        $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION);
        $sql = "SELECT * FROM $table";
        $stm = $pdo->prepare($sql);
        $stm->execute();
        $result = $stm->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
        echo "<table border='1'>";
        echo "<thead><tr>";
        echo "<th>", "ID", "</th>";
        echo "<th>", "ToDo", "</th>";
        echo "</tr></thead>";
        echo "<tbody>";
        foreach ($result as $row){
          echo "<tr>";
          echo "<td>", $row['item_id'], "</td>";
          echo "<td>", $row['content'], "</td>";
          echo "</tr>";
        }
        echo "</tbody>";
        echo "</table>";
      } catch (Exception $e) {
        echo '<span class="error">エラーがありました。</span><br>';
        echo $e->getMessage();
        exit();
      }
      ?>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>

環境変数 MYSQL_PASSWORD_FILEにパスワードファイルのパスを設定しているので、そのファイルからパスワードを読み出す。

$password_file = getenv('MYSQL_PASSWORD_FILE');
$password = rtrim(file_get_contents($password_file));
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