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数学定義ノート(1) -束(lattice)

Last updated at Posted at 2019-05-20

目的

数学理論の構築時に、まぁまぁ忘れがちな定義をノートしておく。

定義

半順序集合 (partially ordered set)

$P$:集合
$\le \in P \times P$:$P$上の二項関係

$$
\begin{array}
~\langle P, \le \rangle : poset \
~~ \overset{def}{\Leftrightarrow} \
(i) ~~~ \forall a \in P, a \le a & 反射律 \
(ii) ~~ \forall a, b, c \in P, a \le b~\&~b \le c \Rightarrow a \le c & 推移律 \
(iii) ~ \forall a, b \in P, a \le b~\&~b \le a \Rightarrow a = b & 反対称律
\end{array}
$$

束(lattice)

$$
\begin{array}
~\langle P, \le \rangle : lattice \
~~ \overset{def}{\Leftrightarrow} \
(i) ~ \langle P, \le \rangle : poset \
(ii) ~~ \forall a, b \in P, \exists a \land b=inf\{a, b\} & meet の存在 \
(ii) ~~ \forall a, b \in P, \exists a \lor b = sup\{a, b\} & join の存在 \
\end{array}
$$

ここで、
$\land$ を meet、$\lor$ を join と呼ぶ。

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