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【Python】文字列差分検出

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概要

ある文字列を別の文字列に変換したい時がある。
何文字目を削除し、何文字目に何を追加すればよいかを表示する処理を以下に示す。

処理

difflibモジュールのndiffメソッドで実現できる。
https://docs.python.org/ja/3/library/difflib.html

import difflib

def diff(a,b):
    print('{} => {}'.format(a,b))  
    for i,s in enumerate(difflib.ndiff(a, b)):
        if s[0]==' ': continue
        elif s[0]=='-':
            print(u'Delete "{}" from position {}'.format(s[-1],i))
        elif s[0]=='+':
            print(u'Add "{}" to position {}'.format(s[-1],i))    

cases=[('afrykanerskojęzyczny', 'afrykanerskojęzycznym'),
       ('afrykanerskojęzyczni', 'nieafrykanerskojęzyczni'),
       ('afrykanerskojęzycznym', 'afrykanerskojęzyczny'),
       ('nieafrykanerskojęzyczni', 'afrykanerskojęzyczni'),
       ('nieafrynerskojęzyczni', 'afrykanerskojzyczni'),
       ('abcdefg','xac')] 

for a,b in cases:     
    diff(a,b)
    print()

実行結果

afrykanerskojęzyczny => afrykanerskojęzycznym
Add "m" to position 20

afrykanerskojęzyczni => nieafrykanerskojęzyczni
Add "n" to position 0
Add "i" to position 1
Add "e" to position 2

afrykanerskojęzycznym => afrykanerskojęzyczny
Delete "m" from position 20

nieafrykanerskojęzyczni => afrykanerskojęzyczni
Delete "n" from position 0
Delete "i" from position 1
Delete "e" from position 2

nieafrynerskojęzyczni => afrykanerskojzyczni
Delete "n" from position 0
Delete "i" from position 1
Delete "e" from position 2
Add "k" to position 7
Add "a" to position 8
Delete "ę" from position 16

abcdefg => xac
Add "x" to position 0
Delete "b" from position 2
Delete "d" from position 4
Delete "e" from position 5
Delete "f" from position 6
Delete "g" from position 7
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