こんにちは
株式会社クラスアクト インフラストラクチャ事業部の大塚です。
今回はKinesis Date FirehoseでCloudWatch LogsにアップロードされるログをS3に自動で同期するようにしたいと思います。
構築イメージ
今回は以下の環境を作ってみようと思います。
EC2はRHELを採用(なんでもいいです)。CloudWatch Agentをインストールしたり設定をごちゃごちゃ弄ってCloudWatch Logsにログデータを自動で同期するようにします。
その後、Kinesis Date FirehoseでLogsからData Firehoseへ同期。そのData FirehoseからS3に更にデータを同期していきます。
EC2とCloudWatch Logsのデータ同期については以下のQiitaを見て頂ければと思います。
なぜCloudWatch LogsのログデータをKinesis Data FirehoseでS3に同期する必要があるのか?
CloudWatch LogsとS3の役割の違い
CloudWatch LogsとS3の根本的な役割の違いを理解する
項目 | CloudWatch Logs | Amazon S3 |
---|---|---|
主な用途 | リアルタイム監視、アラート、直近の障害調査 | 長期的なデータ保存、データ分析基盤(データレイク)、監査ログ保管 |
データ保持期間 | 設定による(最大で無期限も可能だがコストがかさむ) | 実質無制限。ライフサイクルポリシーで安価なストレージクラス(Glacierなど)に移動可能 |
ストレージコスト | S3に比べて高価 | 非常に安価 |
データ分析 | CloudWatch Logs Insightsという専用のクエリ機能で分析。インタラクティブで高速だが、機能は限定的。 | Amazon Athena, Redshift Spectrum, EMRなど、多様な分析サービスと連携可能。大規模・複雑な分析が得意。 |
データ形式 | AWSの内部形式で保存される | プレーンテキスト、JSON、Parquetなど、汎用的な形式で保存できる |
簡単に言うと、CloudWatch Logsは**「今、何が起きているか?」を調べる短期的な運用・監視ツール、S3は「過去の傾向はどうだったか?」**を調べる長期的な分析基盤(データレイク)と考えると分かりやすいです。
なぜ間にKinesis Data Firehoseを挟むのか?
-
データのバッファリングと集約
- CloudWatch Logsからログはリアルタイムに発生しますが、それをそのままS3に送ると、大量の小さなファイル(数KB単位)が生成されてしまいます。
- 小さなファイルが大量にあると、後でAthenaなどで分析する際にパフォーマンスが著しく低下し、S3へのAPIリクエスト料金も増加します。
- Firehoseは、一定期間(例:60秒)または一定量(例:5MB)のログを一旦溜め込んで(バッファリング)、まとめて大きなファイルとしてS3に出力します。これにより、S3でのファイル管理と分析性能が大幅に向上します。
-
データ形式の変換
- CloudWatch Logsのログはそのままでは分析しにくい形式の場合があります。
- Firehoseは、Lambda関数と連携して、データをS3に保存する前にJSON形式に変換したり、不要な情報を削除したりといった加工ができます。分析に適したデータ形式(例:Parquet, ORC)に変換することも可能です。
-
データの圧縮
- Firehoseは、S3にデータを保存する際に自動でGZIPなどで圧縮してくれます。これにより、S3のストレージ容量を節約でき、コスト削減につながります。
-
動的なパーティショニング
- これが非常に強力な機能です。Firehoseは、ログのタイムスタンプなどに基づいて、S3の保存先を動的に振り分ける(パーティショニングする)ことができます。
- 例えば、
s3://your-bucket/logs/
2025/10/11/15/
...
のように、年/月/日/時
といったフォルダ構造を自動で作成してくれます。 - このようにパーティションを切っておくと、Amazon Athenaで「特定の日時のログだけ」をクエリする際に、スキャンするデータ量を劇的に減らすことができ、クエリの高速化と料金削減に直結します。
-
フルマネージドで手間いらず
- 上記のバッファリング、変換、圧縮、パーティショニングといった処理を自前で実装しようとすると、サーバー(EC2やLambda)の管理やコーディングが必要になり大変です。
- Firehoseはこれらの機能をフルマネージドで提供してくれるため、ユーザーは設定だけでこれらを実現できます。
まとめ
- CloudWatch Logsだけ:リアルタイム監視や短期的なトラブルシューティングには十分。ただし、長期保存はコスト高で、高度な分析には不向き。
-
CloudWatch Logs → Kinesis Data Firehose → S3:
- CloudWatch Logsでリアルタイム監視を行う。
- Kinesis Data Firehoseがログを集約・圧縮・変換し、分析しやすい形でS3に効率的に配送する。
- S3に安価で長期的にログを保管し、データレイクとしてAthenaなどでいつでも高度な分析ができるようにする。
構築手順
Data Firehose用のS3バケットを用意します。
Data Firehoseの作成
以下の設定で作成。
Direct PUTで送信先をS3としました。
S3は先ほど作成したものを選択。
また、DataFirehoseからS3へのIAMロールが自動で作成されているかも確認するといいでしょう。
次のようなエラーが出てきた際は、少し待った後もう一度作成ボタンを押してみてください。
Firehose ストリームが作成されませんでした
Firehose ストリーム PUT-S3-tSf08 を作成できません。数分待ってから、もう一度お試しください。問題が解決しない場合は、AWS サポートセンター にアクセスしてください。
Data FirehoseとS3が連携されていることを確認するために、デモデータでテストを行ってみます。
ボタンポチポチするだけでデータが連携されるので楽でいいですね。
5分くらい待つとS3にディレクトリが切られ、データが作成されます。
CloudWatch Logs用のIAMロール作成
JSONの中身は以下とします。
{
"Version": "2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Effect": "Allow",
"Principal": {
"Service": "logs.ap-northeast-1.amazonaws.com"
},
"Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
}
]
}
AmazonKinesisFirehoseFullAccessポリシーをアタッチして次に進みます。
CloudWatch Logsのロググループにサブスクリプションフィルターを設定
Cloudwatchのロググループにサブスクリプションフィルターを設定していきます。
今回は/var/log/dnf.logのログストリームをFirehoseに転送して、S3に同期していきたいと思います。
Data Firehoseストリームは先ほど作成したものを選択。アクセス許可の部分も先ほど作成したIAMロールをアタッチします。
CloudWatch Logsにサブスクリプションフィルターが紐づけされていることを確認します。
動作確認
dnfにログを吐かせるために適当にnginxをインストールしてみます。
[root@ip-192-168-1-121 log]# dnf install -y nginx
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:59:28 ago on Sat 11 Oct 2025 06:01:26 AM UTC.
Dependencies resolved.
=============================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 37 k
Installing dependencies:
nginx-core x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 571 k
nginx-filesystem noarch 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 10 k
redhat-logos-httpd noarch 90.5-1.el9_6.1 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 16 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================
Install 4 Packages
Total download size: 635 k
Installed size: 1.8 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch.rpm 224 kB/s | 10 kB 00:00
(2/4): nginx-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64.rpm 720 kB/s | 37 kB 00:00
(3/4): redhat-logos-httpd-90.5-1.el9_6.1.noarch.rpm 1.6 MB/s | 16 kB 00:00
(4/4): nginx-core-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64.rpm 8.7 MB/s | 571 kB 00:00
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 6.5 MB/s | 635 kB 00:00
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Running scriptlet: nginx-filesystem-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch 1/4
Installing : nginx-filesystem-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch 1/4
Installing : nginx-core-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64 2/4
Installing : redhat-logos-httpd-90.5-1.el9_6.1.noarch 3/4
Installing : nginx-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64 4/4
Running scriptlet: nginx-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : nginx-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : nginx-core-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : nginx-filesystem-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch 3/4
Verifying : redhat-logos-httpd-90.5-1.el9_6.1.noarch 4/4
Installed products updated.
Installed:
nginx-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64 nginx-core-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64 nginx-filesystem-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch
redhat-logos-httpd-90.5-1.el9_6.1.noarch
Complete!
CloudWatch Logsに関連するログが吐かれていることを確認します。
実際のLogsのログ
timestamp,message
1760166053769,2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf install -y nginx
1760166054019,"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['install', '-y', 'nginx']"
1760166055522,2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx.x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed
1760166055522,2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx-core.x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed
1760166055522,2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed
1760166055522,"Installing:
[1m[32mnginx (B[m x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 37 k"
1760166055522,"Installing dependencies:
[1m[32mnginx-core (B[m x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 571 k
[1m[32mnginx-filesystem (B[m noarch 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 10 k
[1m[32mredhat-logos-httpd (B[m noarch 90.5-1.el9_6.1 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 16 k
"
1760166057530,2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64
1760166057530,2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-core-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64
1760166057530,2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-filesystem-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch
1760166057530,2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch.rpm removed
1760166057530,2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-core-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64.rpm removed
1760166057530,2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64.rpm removed
S3から自分のPCにダウンロードします。
拡張子がついていませんが、gzipらしいので.gz拡張子を付けて解凍します。
gzの中にあるファイルを見てみると以下のように出力されています。
{"messageType":"CONTROL_MESSAGE","owner":"CloudwatchLogs","logGroup":"","logStream":"","subscriptionFilters":[],"logEvents":[{"id":"","timestamp":1760165989108,"message":"CWL CONTROL MESSAGE: Checking health of destination Firehose."}]}{"messageType":"DATA_MESSAGE","owner":"535002847634","logGroup":"rhel-test-vardnf","logStream":"i-05d394b142837f374","subscriptionFilters":["vardnf"],"logEvents":[{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124800","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124801","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 7 ms"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124802","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: amazon-id, builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124803","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 INFO Updating Subscription Management repositories."},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124804","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 INFO Unable to read consumer identity"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124805","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 INFO "},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124806","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use \"rhc\" or \"subscription-manager\" to register.\n"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124807","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124808","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf install -y nginx "},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124809","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124810","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 9"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124811","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf"},{"id":"39253014672205621394465344981656552718869407198162124812","timestamp":1760166053769,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Base command: install"},{"id":"39253014677780807694098000767040482287031497574657228813","timestamp":1760166054019,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['install', '-y', 'nginx']"},{"id":"39253014677780807694098000767040482287031497574657228814","timestamp":1760166054019,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6; generic; Linux.x86_64)'"},{"id":"39253014683355993993730656552424411855193587951152332815","timestamp":1760166054269,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms"},{"id":"39253014694550968083393029369475342428063065427154501648","timestamp":1760166054771,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms: using metadata from Fri 10 Oct 2025 06:44:10 PM UTC."},{"id":"39253014700148455128224215778000807714497804165155586065","timestamp":1760166055022,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: rhel-9-baseos-rhui-rpms"},{"id":"39253014700148455128224215778000807714497804165155586066","timestamp":1760166055022,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG rhel-9-baseos-rhui-rpms: using metadata from Fri 10 Oct 2025 06:27:29 PM UTC."},{"id":"39253014700148455128224215778000807714497804165155586067","timestamp":1760166055022,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: rhui-client-config-server-9"},{"id":"39253014700148455128224215778000807714497804165155586068","timestamp":1760166055022,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG rhui-client-config-server-9: using metadata from Thu 04 Sep 2025 11:56:15 AM UTC."},{"id":"39253014705723641427856871563384737282659894541650690069","timestamp":1760166055272,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 INFO Last metadata expiration check: 0:59:28 ago on Sat 11 Oct 2025 06:01:26 AM UTC."},{"id":"39253014705723641427856871563384737282659894541650690070","timestamp":1760166055272,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 1383 ms"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794071","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG --> Starting dependency resolution"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794072","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx.x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794073","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx-core.x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794074","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794075","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package redhat-logos-httpd.noarch 90.5-1.el9_6.1 will be installed"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794076","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG --> Finished dependency resolution"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794077","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DDEBUG timer: depsolve: 157 ms"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794078","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Dependencies resolved."},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794079","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO =============================================================================================================================================\n Package Architecture Version Repository Size"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794080","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"============================================================================================================================================="},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794081","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"Installing:\n \u001B[1m\u001B[32mnginx \u001B(B\u001B[m x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 37 k"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794082","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"Installing dependencies:\n \u001B[1m\u001B[32mnginx-core \u001B(B\u001B[m x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 571 k\n \u001B[1m\u001B[32mnginx-filesystem \u001B(B\u001B[m noarch 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 10 k\n \u001B[1m\u001B[32mredhat-logos-httpd \u001B(B\u001B[m noarch 90.5-1.el9_6.1 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 16 k\n"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794083","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"Transaction Summary"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794084","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"============================================================================================================================================="},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794085","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"Install 4 Packages\n"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794086","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Total download size: 635 k"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794087","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Installed size: 1.8 M"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794088","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Downloading Packages:"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794089","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794090","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Total 6.5 MB/s | 635 kB 00:00 "},{"id":"39253014711298827727489527348768666850821984918145794091","timestamp":1760166055522,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG Using rpmkeys executable at /usr/bin/rpmkeys to verify signatures"},{"id":"39253014716940916262717775003577203573802020379158839340","timestamp":1760166055775,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Running transaction check"},{"id":"39253014716940916262717775003577203573802020379158839341","timestamp":1760166055775,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Transaction check succeeded."},{"id":"39253014722516102562350430788961133141964110755653943342","timestamp":1760166056025,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Running transaction test"},{"id":"39253014722516102562350430788961133141964110755653943343","timestamp":1760166056025,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Transaction test succeeded."},{"id":"39253014722516102562350430788961133141964110755653943344","timestamp":1760166056025,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DDEBUG timer: transaction test: 242 ms"},{"id":"39253014722516102562350430788961133141964110755653943345","timestamp":1760166056025,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Running transaction"},{"id":"39253014722516102562350430788961133141964110755653943346","timestamp":1760166056025,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG RPMDB altered outside of DNF."},{"id":"39253014744906050741675176423062994287703065707658281011","timestamp":1760166057029,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DDEBUG RPM transaction start."},{"id":"39253014744906050741675176423062994287703065707658281012","timestamp":1760166057029,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 DDEBUG RPM transaction over."},{"id":"39253014744906050741675176423062994287703065707658281013","timestamp":1760166057029,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 DDEBUG timer: verify transaction: 113 ms"},{"id":"39253014744906050741675176423062994287703065707658281014","timestamp":1760166057029,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 DDEBUG timer: transaction: 1156 ms"},{"id":"39253014750503537786506362831588459574137804445659365431","timestamp":1760166057280,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 DEBUG Completion plugin: Generating completion cache..."},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469432","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 INFO Installed products updated."},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469433","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64"},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469434","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-core-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64"},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469435","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-filesystem-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch"},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469436","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: redhat-logos-httpd-90.5-1.el9_6.1.noarch"},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469437","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 INFO Complete!"},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469438","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up."},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469439","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch.rpm removed"},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469440","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-core-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64.rpm removed"},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469441","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64.rpm removed"},{"id":"39253014756078724086139018616972389142299894822154469442","timestamp":1760166057530,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/redhat-logos-httpd-90.5-1.el9_6.1.noarch.rpm removed"}]}{"messageType":"DATA_MESSAGE","owner":"535002847634","logGroup":"rhel-test-vardnf","logStream":"i-05d394b142837f374","subscriptionFilters":["vardnf"],"logEvents":[{"id":"39253014845549313822643878670167944189272347729428676608","timestamp":1760166061542,"message":"2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG Plugins were unloaded."}]}
見づらいのでAIに適当に成形するように指示をしたところ以下の結果となりました。
問題なさそうですね。
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 INFO --- logging initialized ---
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG timer: config: 7 ms
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG Loaded plugins: amazon-id, builddep, changelog, config-manager, copr, debug, debuginfo-install, download, generate_completion_cache, groups-manager, needs-restarting, playground, product-id, repoclosure, repodiff, repograph, repomanage, reposync, subscription-manager, system-upgrade, uploadprofile
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 INFO Updating Subscription Management repositories.
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 INFO Unable to read consumer identity
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 INFO
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use "rhc" or "subscription-manager" to register.
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG DNF version: 4.14.0
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Command: dnf install -y nginx
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Installroot: /
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Releasever: 9
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG cachedir: /var/cache/dnf
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Base command: install
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DDEBUG Extra commands: ['install', '-y', 'nginx']
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG User-Agent: constructed: 'libdnf (Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6; generic; Linux.x86_64)'
2025-10-11T07:00:53+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms
2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms: using metadata from Fri 10 Oct 2025 06:44:10 PM UTC.
2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: rhel-9-baseos-rhui-rpms
2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG rhel-9-baseos-rhui-rpms: using metadata from Fri 10 Oct 2025 06:27:29 PM UTC.
2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG repo: using cache for: rhui-client-config-server-9
2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 DEBUG rhui-client-config-server-9: using metadata from Thu 04 Sep 2025 11:56:15 AM UTC.
2025-10-11T07:00:54+0000 INFO Last metadata expiration check: 0:59:28 ago on Sat 11 Oct 2025 06:01:26 AM UTC.
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DDEBUG timer: sack setup: 1383 ms
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG --> Starting dependency resolution
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx.x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx-core.x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package nginx-filesystem.noarch 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 will be installed
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG ---> Package redhat-logos-httpd.noarch 90.5-1.el9_6.1 will be installed
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG --> Finished dependency resolution
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DDEBUG timer: depsolve: 157 ms
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Dependencies resolved.
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO =============================================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
=============================================================================================================================================
Installing:
nginx x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 37 k
Installing dependencies:
nginx-core x86_64 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 571 k
nginx-filesystem noarch 2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 10 k
redhat-logos-httpd noarch 90.5-1.el9_6.1 rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms 16 k
Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================
Install 4 Packages
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Total download size: 635 k
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Installed size: 1.8 M
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Downloading Packages:
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Total 6.5 MB/s | 635 kB 00:00
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 DEBUG Using rpmkeys executable at /usr/bin/rpmkeys to verify signatures
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Running transaction check
2025-10-11T07:00:55+0000 INFO Transaction check succeeded.
2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 INFO Running transaction test
2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 INFO Transaction test succeeded.
2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 DDEBUG timer: transaction test: 242 ms
2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 INFO Running transaction
2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 DEBUG RPMDB altered outside of DNF.
2025-10-11T07:00:56+0000 DDEBUG RPM transaction start.
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG RPM transaction over.
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG timer: verify transaction: 113 ms
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG timer: transaction: 1156 ms
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Completion plugin: Generating completion cache...
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 INFO Installed products updated.
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-core-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: nginx-filesystem-2:1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DEBUG Installed: redhat-logos-httpd-90.5-1.el9_6.1.noarch
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 INFO Complete!
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG Cleaning up.
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-filesystem-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.noarch.rpm removed
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-core-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64.rpm removed
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/nginx-1.20.1-22.el9_6.3.x86_64.rpm removed
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG /var/cache/dnf/rhel-9-appstream-rhui-rpms-8f1a568bacbcbf4a/packages/redhat-logos-httpd-90.5-1.el9_6.1.noarch.rpm removed
2025-10-11T07:00:57+0000 DDEBUG Plugins were unloaded.