18
14

Delete article

Deleted articles cannot be recovered.

Draft of this article would be also deleted.

Are you sure you want to delete this article?

More than 1 year has passed since last update.

Python + uWSGI + nginx

Last updated at Posted at 2019-07-31

概要

CentOS 6/7で、Python + uWSGI + nginxの組み合わせでFlaskアプリを動かすまでの試行錯誤。

関係パッケージインストール

# バージョンは環境によって異なるが、ここではPython 3.6とする。
yum install -y python36u python36u-devel python36u-libs python36u-pip

pip3.6 install uwsgi
pip3.6 install flask

アプリ設定

/var/www/アプリディレクトリ/uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
#application's base folder
chdir = /var/www/アプリディレクトリ

#python module to import
app = app 
module = %(app)

#the variable that holds a flask application inside the module imported at line #6
callable = app 

plugin = python36

#socket file's location
socket = /var/run/uwsgi/%n.sock

#permissions for the socket file
chmod-socket = 644 

#location of log files
logto = /var/log/uwsgi/%n.log

master = true

# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 100 

# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true

/var/www/アプリディレクトリ/app.py

from flask import Flask
	app = Flask(__name__)

	@app.route("/")
	def hello():
		return "Hello World!"

	if __name__ == "__main__":
		app.run()

uWSGI起動

いちいち手動で立ち上げなくていいよう、起動スクリプトに登録する。
また、複数立ち上げられるよう、Emperorとかいう仕組みを利用する。

mkdir -p /var/{run,log}/uwsgi
chown -R nginx:nginx /var/{run,log}/uwsgi
mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi/vassals
ln -sf /var/www/アプリディレクトリ/uwsgi.ini /etc/uwsgi/vassals/アプリディレクトリ.ini

※/etc/uwsgi/vassals配下に各アプリのiniファイルへのシンボリックリンクを張る
※nginx:nginxの部分は起動ユーザーに応じて書き換える

vim /etc/uwsgi/emperor.ini
[uwsgi]
emperor = /etc/uwsgi/vassals
uid = nginx
gid = nginx
logto = /var/log/uwsgi/uwsgi.log
touch-logreopen = /var/log/uwsgi/touch-logreopen
master = true
vacuum = true
ignore-sigpipe = true
ignore-write-errors = true
disable-write-exception = true

[CentOS 7の場合] /etc/systemd/system/uwsgi.service の作成

[Unit]
Description=uWSGI Emperor
After=syslog.target

[Service]
PermissionsStartOnly=true
ExecStartPre=-/bin/mkdir -p /var/log/uwsgi
ExecStartPre=-/bin/mkdir -p /var/run/uwsgi
ExecStart=/usr/bin/uwsgi --ini /etc/uwsgi/emperor.ini
ExecStartPost=-/bin/chown -R nginx:nginx /var/log/uwsgi
ExecStartPost=-/bin/chown -R nginx:nginx /var/run/uwsgi
ExecStopPost=rm -rf /var/run/uwsgi
RuntimeDirectory=uwsgi
Restart=always
KillSignal=SIGQUIT
Type=notify
StandardError=syslog
NotifyAccess=all

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

※環境によっては、 /usr/bin/mkdir の場合あり。
※環境によっては、 /usr/local/bin/uwsgi の場合あり。
※環境によっては、 nginxユーザーではない場合あり。

systemctl enable uwsgi.service
systemctl start  uwsgi.service

[CentOS 6の場合] /etc/init.d/uwsgi の作成

https://zafiel.wingall.com/archives/7513 から拝借し、起動コマンドは以下の様に書き換えた。

daemon $PROG --master --emperor /etc/uwsgi/vassals --die-on-term --uid nginx --gid nginx -d $UWSGI_LOG --pidfile $PID
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/uwsgi
service uwsgi start
chkconfig uwsgi on

nginxと連携

TLS証明書を事前に作っておく。

upstream backend {
	server    127.0.0.1:8080;
	keepalive 128;
}

server {
	listen       80;
	server_name  ドメイン名;

	location / {
		rewrite ^.*$ https://ドメイン名$request_uri last;
	}
}

server {
	listen       443;
	server_name  ドメイン名;

	#charset koi8-r;
	#access_log  /var/log/nginx/log/host.access.log  main;

	ssl                  on;
	ssl_certificate      /etc/pki/tls/certs/ドメイン名.crt;
	ssl_certificate_key  /etc/pki/tls/private/ドメイン名.nopass.key;
	ssl_protocols        TLSv1;
	ssl_ciphers          HIGH:!ADH:!MD5:!DES:!3DES;

	location / {
		set $do_not_cache 1;

		proxy_pass http://backend;
		proxy_no_cache     $do_not_cache;
		proxy_cache_bypass $do_not_cache;
		proxy_cache zone1;
		proxy_cache_key    $scheme://$proxy_host$uri$is_args$args;
		proxy_cache_valid  200 10m;
	}

	#error_page  404       /404.html;

	# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
	#
	error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
	location = /50x.html {
		root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
	}
}

server {
	listen       8080;
	server_name  ドメイン名;
	root /var/www/アプリディレクトリ/public;

	access_log  /var/log/nginx/access_8080.log  main;

	location / {
		try_files $uri @rewrite;
	}
	location @rewrite {
		include uwsgi_params;
		uwsgi_pass unix:///var/run/uwsgi/アプリディレクトリ.sock;
		uwsgi_connect_timeout 600s;
		uwsgi_read_timeout 600s;

		uwsgi_param SERVER_ENV development;
	}
}
service nginx restart

動作確認

https://ドメイン名/

Hello World! と表示された。

18
14
0

Register as a new user and use Qiita more conveniently

  1. You get articles that match your needs
  2. You can efficiently read back useful information
  3. You can use dark theme
What you can do with signing up
18
14

Delete article

Deleted articles cannot be recovered.

Draft of this article would be also deleted.

Are you sure you want to delete this article?