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C Secure Coding Rules(3) 5.5 Calling functions in the C Standard Library other than abort, _Exit, and signal from within a signal handler

Last updated at Posted at 2018-04-02

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013
Information Technology — Programming languages, their environments and system software interfaces — C Secure Coding Rules
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf

この文書は、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG14の作業文書(Working Draft)です。
公式のISO/IEC TS 17961:2013原本ではありません。

技術内容を検討し、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG14にフィードバックするために用いるものです。

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013 C Secure Coding Rules(1)一覧

一つの規則で複数回のコンパイルが必要な場合、別記事にしています。

作業予定

規則の例(断片等)をコンパイル、実行する予定です。
1: コンパイルエラーが出ないようにする。
 一覧のaccfree.cがこの段階です。
2: 実行時エラーが出ないようにする。
 一覧のptrcomp.cがこの段階です。
3: 意味のある出力が出るようにする。
 検討中。

現状では、変な代入、奇異な操作が頻出します。
コンパイルエラーが出ないようにするなるべく短い記述で済まそうという趣旨で、他意はありません。
よりよい記述に変更する予定です。

コンパイラ

Apple LLVM version 9.1.0 (clang-902.0.39.1)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin17.4.0
または
clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin17.4.0
2)
gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

環境(Environment)

hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9

コンパイル用shell script

C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da

5.5. Calling functions in the C Standard Library other than abort, _Exit, and signal from within a signal handler [asyncsig]

EXAMPLE 1 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the C Standard Library function fprintf is called from the signal handler handler via the function log_message.

asyncsig.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.11
// EXAMPLE 1 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the C Standard Library function fprintf is called from the signal handler handler via the function log_message.
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS
#include "unistd.h"

#define MAXLINE 1024
char info[MAXLINE];
void log_message(void) {
  fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", info); // diagnostic required
}

void handler(int signum) {
  log_message();
}

int main(void) {
  if (signal(SIGINT, handler) == SIG_ERR) {
    /* Handle error */
  }
  /* An interactive attention signal might invoke handler()   from here on. */
  while (1) {
    /* Main loop program code */
    log_message();
    sleep(1);
    /* More program code */
  }
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
$ ./gcc7ts.sh asyncsig
$ clang asyncsig.c
 //kill from other terminal
./gcc7ts.sh: line 4: 90664 Terminated: 15          ./$1l $2

$ gcc-7 asyncsig.c
 //kill from other terminal
./gcc7ts.sh: line 8: 90752 Terminated: 15          ./$1g $2

EXAMPLE 2 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the C Standard Library function raise is called from the signal handler int_handler.

asyncsig2.c
//EXAMPLE 2 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the C Standard Library function raise is called from the signal handler int_handler.

#include <stdio.h> //added by O.K. fro printf()
#include <stdlib.h> //added by O.K. for EXIT_SUCCESS
#include <signal.h> // added by O.K. for raise()

void term_handler(int signum) {
  /* SIGTERM handling specific */
  printf("signum:%d \n", signum);// added for output
}
void int_handler(int signum) {
  /* SIGINT handling specific */
  if (raise(SIGTERM) != 0) { // diagnostic required
    /* Handle error */
    printf("Handle error:%d \n", signum);// added for output
  }
}
int main(void) {
  if (signal(SIGTERM, term_handler) == SIG_ERR) {
    /* Handle error */
    printf("Handle error:signal(SIGTERM, term_handler) \n");// added for output
  }
  if (signal(SIGINT, int_handler) == SIG_ERR) {
    /* Handle error */
    printf("Handle error:signal(SIGINT, int_handler) \n");// added for output
  }
  /* Program code */
  if (raise(SIGINT) != 0) {
    /* Handle error */
    printf("Handle error:raise(SIGINT)\n");// added for output
  }
  /* More code */
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
$ ./gcc7ts.sh asyncsig2
$ clang asyncsig2.c
signum:15 

$ gcc-7 asyncsig2.c
signum:15 

EXAMPLE 3 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the C Standard Library function longjmp is called from the signal handler handler.

asyncsig3.c
//EXAMPLE 3 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the C Standard Library function longjmp is called from the signal handler handler.

#include <stdio.h> //added by O.K. fro printf()
#include <stdlib.h> //added by O.K. for EXIT_SUCCESS
#include <setjmp.h>// added by O.K. for raise()
#include "unistd.h"

#define MAXLINE 1024
static jmp_buf env;
void handler(int signum) {
  longjmp(env, 1); // diagnostic required
}
void log_message(char *info1, char *info2) {
  static char *buf = NULL;
  static size_t bufsize;
  char buf0[MAXLINE];
  if (buf == NULL) {
    buf = buf0;
    bufsize = sizeof(buf0);
  }
/*
* Try to fit a message into buf, else re-allocate
* it on the heap and then log the message.
*/
/*** VULNERABILITY IF SIGINT RAISED HERE ***/
  if (buf == buf0) {
    buf = NULL;
  }
}
int main(void) {
  if (signal(SIGINT, handler) == SIG_ERR) {
  /* Handle error */
  }
  char *info1="setjump\n";
  char *info2="info2\n";
  /* info1 and info2 are set by user input here */
  if (setjmp(env) == 0) {
    while (1) {
  /* Main loop program code */
      log_message(info1, info2);
      sleep(1);
  /* More program code */
    }
  }
  else {
    log_message(info1, info2);
  }
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
./gcc7ts.sh asyncsig3
$ clang asyncsig3.c
^C
$ gcc-7 asyncsig3.c
^C

参考文献

コンパイル用shell script C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da

C言語(C++)に対する誤解、曲解、無理解、爽快。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3f3992c9722c1cee2e3a

MISRA C まとめ #include
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/f1a79a7cbd281607c7c9

どうやって MISRA C Example Suiteをコンパイルするか
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fbdbff5ff696e2ca7f00

[C][C++]の国際規格案の例題をコンパイルするときの課題7つ。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/5f4b155030259497c4de

文書履歴

ver 0.10 初稿 20180403
ver 0.11 gcc-7、Example節項目追記 20180407

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