はじめに(Introduction)

N4910 Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++

n4910は、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21の作業原案(Working Draft)です。
公式のISO/IEC 14882原本ではありません。
ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21では、可能な限り作業文書を公開し、幅広い意見を求めています。
一連の記事はコード断片をコンパイルできる形にする方法を検討してコンパイル、リンク、実行して、規格案の原文と処理系(g++, Clang++)との違いを確認し、技術内容を検討し、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG21にフィードバックするために用います。
また、CERT C++, MISRA C++等のコーディング標準のコード断片をコンパイルする際の参考にさせていただこうと考えています。CERT C++, MISRA C++が標準化の動きとの時間的なずれがあれば確認できれば幸いです。また、boostライブラリとの関連、Linux OS, TOPPERSカーネル、g++(GCC), clang++(LLVM）との関係も調査中です。
何か、抜け漏れ、耳より情報がありましたらおしらせくださると幸いです。

<この項は書きかけです。順次追記します。>

背景(back ground)

C/C++でコンパイルエラーが出ると、途方にくれることがしばしばあります。
何回かに１回は、該当するエラーが検索できます。
ただ、条件が違っていて、そこでの修正方法では目的を達成しないこともしばしばです。いろいろな条件のコンパイルエラーとその対応方法について、広く記録することによって、いつか同じエラーに遭遇した時にやくに立つことを目指しています。

この半年の間で、三度、自分のネットでの記録に助けられたことがあります。
また過去に解決できなかった記録を１０種類以上、最近になって解決できたことがあります。それは、主に次の３つの情報に基づいています。

https://stackoverflow.com
https://cpprefjp.github.io
http://ja.cppreference.com/

また
https://researchmap.jp/joub9b3my-1797580/#_1797580
に記載したサイトのお世話になっています。

作業方針(sequence)

Clang++では-std=c++03, C++2bの2種類
g++では-std=c++03, c++2bの２種類
でコンパイルし、

１）コンパイルエラーを収集する。
２）コンパイルエラーをなくす方法を検討する。
コンパイルエラーになる例を示すだけが目的のコードは、コンパイルエラーをなくすのではなく、コンパイルエラーの種類を収集するだけにする。
文法を示すのが目的のコード場合に、コンパイルエラーをなくすのに手間がかかる場合は、順次作業します。
３）リンクエラーをなくす方法を検討する。
文法を示すのが目的のコード場合に、リンクエラーをなくすのに手間がかかる場合は、順次作業します。
４）意味のある出力を作る。
コンパイル、リンクが通っても、意味のある出力を示そうとすると、コンパイル・リンクエラーが出て収拾できそうにない場合がある。順次作業します。

１）だけのものから４）まで進んだものと色々ある状態です。一歩でも前に進むご助言をお待ちしています。「検討事項」の欄に現状を記録するようにしています。

C++N4910:2022 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882(0) sample code compile list

C++N4741, 2018 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882 sample code compile list

C++N4606, 2016符号断片編纂一覧(example code compile list)

C++N4606, 2016 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standard(1) Example code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/df5d62c35bd6ed1c3d43/

C++N3242, 2011 sample code compile list on clang++ and g++

編纂器(Compiler)

clang++ --version

Debian clang version 14.0.5-++20220610033153+c12386ae247c-1~exp1~20220610153237.151
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, Thread model: posix, InstalledDir: /usr/bin

g++- --version

g++ (GCC) 12.1.0 Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

22.4.2 Header synopsis [tuple.syn] C++N4910:2022 (533) p675.cpp

算譜(source code)

p675.cpp

// C++N4910 Committee Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2022/n4910.pdf
const char * n4910 = "22.4.2 Header <tuple> synopsis [tuple.syn] C++N4910:2022 (533) p675.cpp";
// Debian clang version 14.0.5-++20220610033153+c12386ae247c-
// g++ (GCC) 12.1.0 Copyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
// Edited by Dr. OGAWA Kiyoshi. Compile procedure and results record.
// C++N4910:2022 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882(0) sample code compile list
// https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fc957ddddd402004bb91

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <cassert>
#include <coroutine>
#include <vector>
#include <complex>
#include <map>
#include <atomic>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <memory>
#include <typeinfo>

using namespace std;

// Example 1
#include <compare> // see 17.11.1
namespace std {
// 22.4.3, class template tuple
template<class... Types>
class tuple;
template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes, template<class> class TQual,
         template<class> class UQual>
requires requires { typename tuple<common_reference_t<TQual<TTypes>, UQual<UTypes>>...>; }
struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
    using type = tuple<common_reference_t<TQual<TTypes>, UQual<UTypes>>...>;
};
template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
requires requires { typename tuple<common_type_t<TTypes, UTypes>...>; }
struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
    using type = tuple<common_type_t<TTypes, UTypes>...>;
};
// 22.4.4, tuple creation functions
inline constexpr unspecified ignore;
template<class... TTypes>
constexpr tuple<unwrap_ref_decay_t<TTypes>...> make_tuple(TTypes&&...);
template<class... TTypes>
constexpr tuple<TTypes&&...> forward_as_tuple(TTypes&&...) noexcept;
template<class... TTypes>
constexpr tuple<TTypes&...> tie(TTypes&...) noexcept;
template<class... Tuples>
constexpr tuple<CTypes...> tuple_cat(Tuples&&...);
// 22.4.5, calling a function with a tuple of arguments
template<class F, class Tuple>
constexpr decltype(auto) apply(F&& f, Tuple&& t);
template<class T, class Tuple>
constexpr T make_from_tuple(Tuple&& t);
// 22.4.6, tuple helper classes
template<class T> struct tuple_size;
template<class T> struct tuple_size<const T>;
// not defined
template<class... Types> struct tuple_size<tuple<Types...>>;
template<size_t I, class T> struct tuple_element; // not defined
template<size_t I, class T> struct tuple_element<I, const T>;
template<size_t I, class... Types>
struct tuple_element<I, tuple<Types...>>;
template<size_t I, class T>
using tuple_element_t = typename tuple_element<I, T>::type;
// 22.4.7, element access
template<size_t I, class... Types>
constexpr tuple_element_t<I, tuple<Types...>>& get(tuple<Types...>&) noexcept;
template<size_t I, class... Types>
constexpr tuple_element_t<I, tuple<Types...>>&& get(tuple<Types...>&&) noexcept;
template<size_t I, class... Types>
constexpr const tuple_element_t<I, tuple<Types...>>& get(const tuple<Types...>&) noexcept;
template<size_t I, class... Types>
constexpr const tuple_element_t<I, tuple<Types...>>&& get(const tuple<Types...>&&) noexcept;
template<class T, class... Types>
constexpr T& get(tuple<Types...>& t) noexcept;
template<class T, class... Types>
constexpr T&& get(tuple<Types...>&& t) noexcept;
template<class T, class... Types>
constexpr const T& get(const tuple<Types...>& t) noexcept;
template<class T, class... Types>
constexpr const T&& get(const tuple<Types...>&& t) noexcept;
// 22.4.8, relational operators
template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
constexpr bool operator==(const tuple<TTypes...>&, const tuple<UTypes...>&);
template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
constexpr common_comparison_category_t<synth_three_way_result<TTypes, UTypes>...> operator<=>(const tuple<TTypes...>&, const tuple<UTypes...>&);
// 22.4.9, allocator-related traits
template<class... Types, class Alloc>
struct uses_allocator<tuple<Types...>, Alloc>;
// 22.4.10, specialized algorithms template<class... Types>
constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below);
template<class... Types>
constexpr void swap(const tuple<Types...>& x, const tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below);
// 22.4.6, tuple helper classes
template<class T>
inline constexpr size_t tuple_size_v = tuple_size<T>::value;
}
int main() {
    cout  <<  n4910 << endl;
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

編纂・実行結果(compile and go)

bash

$ clang++ p675.cpp -std=03 -o p675l -I. -Wall
In file included from p675.cpp:19:
In file included from /usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/../../../../include/c++/10/atomic:38:
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/../../../../include/c++/10/bits/c++0x_warning.h:32:2: error: This file requires compiler and library support for the ISO C++ 2011 standard. This support must be enabled with the -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11 compiler options.
#error This file requires compiler and library support \
 ^
p675.cpp:30:15: warning: variadic templates are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
template<class... Types>
              ^
p675.cpp:32:17: warning: variadic templates are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
  template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes, template<class> class TQual,
                ^
p675.cpp:32:34: warning: variadic templates are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
  template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes, template<class> class TQual,
                                 ^
p675.cpp:34:5: error: unknown type name 'requires'
    requires requires { typename tuple<common_reference_t<TQual<TTypes>, UQual<UTypes>>...>; }
    ^
p675.cpp:34:14: warning: variable templates are a C++14 extension [-Wc++14-extensions]
    requires requires { typename tuple<common_reference_t<TQual<TTypes>, UQual<UTypes>>...>; }
             ^
p675.cpp:32:21: error: template parameter pack must be the last template parameter
  template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes, template<class> class TQual,
                    ^
p675.cpp:32:38: error: template parameter pack must be the last template parameter
  template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes, template<class> class TQual,
                                     ^
p675.cpp:34:22: error: expected ';' at end of declaration
    requires requires { typename tuple<common_reference_t<TQual<TTypes>, UQual<UTypes>>...>; }
                     ^
                     ;
p675.cpp:34:23: error: expected unqualified-id
    requires requires { typename tuple<common_reference_t<TQual<TTypes>, UQual<UTypes>>...>; }
                      ^
p675.cpp:35:39: error: use of undeclared identifier 'TTypes'
  struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
                                      ^
p675.cpp:35:10: error: explicit specialization of undeclared template struct 'basic_common_reference'
  struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
         ^                     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:35:67: error: expected unqualified-id
  struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
                                                                  ^
p675.cpp:38:17: warning: variadic templates are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
  template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
                ^
p675.cpp:38:34: warning: variadic templates are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
  template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
                                 ^
p675.cpp:39:5: error: unknown type name 'requires'
    requires requires { typename tuple<common_type_t<TTypes, UTypes>...>; }
    ^
p675.cpp:39:14: warning: variable templates are a C++14 extension [-Wc++14-extensions]
    requires requires { typename tuple<common_type_t<TTypes, UTypes>...>; }
             ^
p675.cpp:38:21: error: template parameter pack must be the last template parameter
  template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
                    ^
p675.cpp:39:22: error: expected ';' at end of declaration
    requires requires { typename tuple<common_type_t<TTypes, UTypes>...>; }
                     ^
                     ;
p675.cpp:39:23: error: expected unqualified-id
    requires requires { typename tuple<common_type_t<TTypes, UTypes>...>; }
                      ^
p675.cpp:40:28: error: use of undeclared identifier 'TTypes'
  struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
                           ^
p675.cpp:42:2: error: expected '>'
};
 ^
p675.cpp:40:21: note: to match this '<'
  struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
                    ^
p675.cpp:44:8: error: unknown type name 'constexpr'
inline constexpr unspecified ignore;
       ^
p675.cpp:44:1: warning: inline variables are a C++17 extension [-Wc++17-extensions]
inline constexpr unspecified ignore;
^
p675.cpp:44:29: error: expected ';' after top level declarator
inline constexpr unspecified ignore;
                            ^
                            ;
p675.cpp:45:17: warning: variadic templates are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
  template<class... TTypes>
                ^
p675.cpp:46:5: error: unknown type name 'constexpr'
    constexpr tuple<unwrap_ref_decay_t<TTypes>...> make_tuple(TTypes&&...);
    ^
p675.cpp:46:21: error: use of undeclared identifier 'unwrap_ref_decay_t'
    constexpr tuple<unwrap_ref_decay_t<TTypes>...> make_tuple(TTypes&&...);
                    ^
p675.cpp:47:17: warning: variadic templates are a C++11 extension [-Wc++11-extensions]
  template<class... TTypes>
                ^
fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
10 warnings and 20 errors generated.
$ clang++ p675.cpp -std=2b -o p675l -I. -Wall
p675.cpp:44:18: error: unknown type name 'unspecified'
inline constexpr unspecified ignore;
                 ^
p675.cpp:52:19: error: use of undeclared identifier 'CTypes'
  constexpr tuple<CTypes...> tuple_cat(Tuples&&...);
                  ^
p675.cpp:55:28: error: 'apply' is missing exception specification 'noexcept(__unpack_std_tuple<std::is_nothrow_invocable, _Fn, _Tuple>)'
  constexpr decltype(auto) apply(F&& f, Tuple&& t);
                           ^
                                                   noexcept(__unpack_std_tuple<std::is_nothrow_invocable, _Fn, _Tuple>)
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/../../../../include/c++/10/tuple:1729:5: note: previous declaration is here
    apply(_Fn&& __f, _Tuple&& __t)
    ^
p675.cpp:57:15: error: 'make_from_tuple' is missing exception specification 'noexcept(__unpack_std_tuple<std::is_nothrow_constructible, _Tp, _Tuple>)'
  constexpr T make_from_tuple(Tuple&& t);
              ^
                                         noexcept(__unpack_std_tuple<std::is_nothrow_constructible, _Tp, _Tuple>)
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/../../../../include/c++/10/tuple:1748:5: note: previous declaration is here
    make_from_tuple(_Tuple&& __t)
    ^
p675.cpp:89:40: error: use of undeclared identifier 'synth_three_way_result'
constexpr common_comparison_category_t<synth_three_way_result<TTypes, UTypes>...> operator<=>(const tuple<TTypes...>&, const tuple<UTypes...>&);
                                       ^
p675.cpp:94:27: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Types'
constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
                          ^
p675.cpp:94:47: error: use of undeclared identifier 'Types'
constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
                                              ^
p675.cpp:94:70: error: use of undeclared identifier 'see_below'
constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
                                                                     ^
p675.cpp:95:82: error: use of undeclared identifier 'see_below'
constexpr void swap(const tuple<Types...>& x, const tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below);
                                                                                 ^
p675.cpp:98:31: error: redefinition of 'tuple_size_v'
      inline constexpr size_t tuple_size_v = tuple_size<T>::value;
                              ^
/usr/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/10/../../../../include/c++/10/tuple:1251:29: note: previous definition is here
    inline constexpr size_t tuple_size_v = tuple_size<_Tp>::value;
                            ^
10 errors generated.

$ g++ p675.cpp -std=03 -o p675g -I. -Wall
In file included from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/atomic:38,
                 from p675.cpp:19:
/usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/bits/c++0x_warning.h:32:2: error: #error This file requires compiler and library support for the ISO C++ 2011 standard. This support must be enabled with the -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11 compiler options.
   32 | #error This file requires compiler and library support \
      |  ^~~~~
p675.cpp:44:8: warning: identifier 'constexpr' is a keyword in C++11 [-Wc++11-compat]
   44 | inline constexpr unspecified ignore;
      |        ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:48:64: warning: identifier 'noexcept' is a keyword in C++11 [-Wc++11-compat]
   48 |     constexpr tuple<TTypes&&...> forward_as_tuple(TTypes&&...) noexcept;
      |                                                                ^~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:55:13: warning: identifier 'decltype' is a keyword in C++11 [-Wc++11-compat]
   55 |   constexpr decltype(auto) apply(F&& f, Tuple&& t);
      |             ^~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:30:15: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   30 | template<class... Types>
      |               ^~~
p675.cpp:32:17: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   32 |   template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes, template<class> class TQual,
      |                 ^~~
p675.cpp:32:34: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   32 |   template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes, template<class> class TQual,
      |                                  ^~~
p675.cpp:34:5: error: 'requires' does not name a type
   34 |     requires requires { typename tuple<common_reference_t<TQual<TTypes>, UQual<UTypes>>...>; }
      |     ^~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:34:5: note: 'requires' only available with '-std=c++20' or '-fconcepts'
p675.cpp:35:10: error: 'basic_common_reference' is not a class template
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:35:39: error: 'TTypes' was not declared in this scope
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |                                       ^~~~~~
p675.cpp:35:45: error: expected parameter pack before '...'
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |                                             ^~~
p675.cpp:35:48: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |                                                ^
p675.cpp:35:57: error: 'UTypes' was not declared in this scope
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |                                                         ^~~~~~
p675.cpp:35:63: error: expected parameter pack before '...'
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |                                                               ^~~
p675.cpp:35:66: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |                                                                  ^
p675.cpp:35:69: error: 'TQual' was not declared in this scope
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |                                                                     ^~~~~
p675.cpp:35:76: error: 'UQual' was not declared in this scope
   35 |   struct basic_common_reference<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>, TQual, UQual> {
      |                                                                            ^~~~~
p675.cpp:36:11: error: expected nested-name-specifier before 'type'
   36 |     using type = tuple<common_reference_t<TQual<TTypes>, UQual<UTypes>>...>;
      |           ^~~~
p675.cpp:38:17: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   38 |   template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
      |                 ^~~
p675.cpp:38:34: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   38 |   template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
      |                                  ^~~
p675.cpp:39:5: error: 'requires' does not name a type
   39 |     requires requires { typename tuple<common_type_t<TTypes, UTypes>...>; }
      |     ^~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:39:5: note: 'requires' only available with '-std=c++20' or '-fconcepts'
p675.cpp:40:10: error: 'common_type' is not a class template
   40 |   struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:40:28: error: 'TTypes' was not declared in this scope
   40 |   struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
      |                            ^~~~~~
p675.cpp:40:34: error: expected parameter pack before '...'
   40 |   struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
      |                                  ^~~
p675.cpp:40:37: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   40 |   struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
      |                                     ^
p675.cpp:40:46: error: 'UTypes' was not declared in this scope
   40 |   struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
      |                                              ^~~~~~
p675.cpp:40:52: error: expected parameter pack before '...'
   40 |   struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
      |                                                    ^~~
p675.cpp:40:55: error: '>>' should be '> >' within a nested template argument list
   40 |   struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
      |                                                       ^~
      |                                                       > >
p675.cpp:40:52: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   40 |   struct common_type<tuple<TTypes...>, tuple<UTypes...>> {
      |                                                    ^~~
p675.cpp:41:11: error: expected nested-name-specifier before 'type'
   41 |     using type = tuple<common_type_t<TTypes, UTypes>...>;
      |           ^~~~
p675.cpp:44:8: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   44 | inline constexpr unspecified ignore;
      |        ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:44:8: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:45:17: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   45 |   template<class... TTypes>
      |                 ^~~
p675.cpp:46:5: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   46 |     constexpr tuple<unwrap_ref_decay_t<TTypes>...> make_tuple(TTypes&&...);
      |     ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:46:5: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:47:17: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   47 |   template<class... TTypes>
      |                 ^~~
p675.cpp:48:5: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   48 |     constexpr tuple<TTypes&&...> forward_as_tuple(TTypes&&...) noexcept;
      |     ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:48:5: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:49:17: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   49 |   template<class... TTypes>
      |                 ^~~
p675.cpp:50:5: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   50 |     constexpr tuple<TTypes&...> tie(TTypes&...) noexcept;
      |     ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:50:5: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:51:15: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   51 | template<class... Tuples>
      |               ^~~
p675.cpp:52:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   52 |   constexpr tuple<CTypes...> tuple_cat(Tuples&&...);
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:52:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:55:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   55 |   constexpr decltype(auto) apply(F&& f, Tuple&& t);
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:55:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:57:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   57 |   constexpr T make_from_tuple(Tuple&& t);
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:57:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:61:15: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   61 | template<class... Types> struct tuple_size<tuple<Types...>>;
      |               ^~~
p675.cpp:61:58: error: '>>' should be '> >' within a nested template argument list
   61 | template<class... Types> struct tuple_size<tuple<Types...>>;
      |                                                          ^~
      |                                                          > >
p675.cpp:64:25: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   64 | template<size_t I, class... Types>
      |                         ^~~
p675.cpp:65:41: error: '>>' should be '> >' within a nested template argument list
   65 |   struct tuple_element<I, tuple<Types...>>;
      |                                         ^~
      |                                         > >
p675.cpp:67:3: error: expected unqualified-id before 'using'
   67 |   using tuple_element_t = typename tuple_element<I, T>::type;
      |   ^~~~~
p675.cpp:69:25: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   69 | template<size_t I, class... Types>
      |                         ^~~
p675.cpp:70:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   70 |   constexpr tuple_element_t<I, tuple<Types...>>& get(tuple<Types...>&) noexcept;
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:70:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:71:25: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   71 | template<size_t I, class... Types>
      |                         ^~~
p675.cpp:72:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   72 |   constexpr tuple_element_t<I, tuple<Types...>>&& get(tuple<Types...>&&) noexcept;
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:72:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:73:25: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   73 | template<size_t I, class... Types>
      |                         ^~~
p675.cpp:74:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   74 |   constexpr const tuple_element_t<I, tuple<Types...>>& get(const tuple<Types...>&) noexcept;
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:74:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:75:25: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   75 | template<size_t I, class... Types>
      |                         ^~~
p675.cpp:76:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   76 |   constexpr const tuple_element_t<I, tuple<Types...>>&& get(const tuple<Types...>&&) noexcept;
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:76:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:77:24: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   77 | template<class T, class... Types>
      |                        ^~~
p675.cpp:78:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   78 |   constexpr T& get(tuple<Types...>& t) noexcept;
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:78:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:79:24: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   79 | template<class T, class... Types>
      |                        ^~~
p675.cpp:80:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   80 |   constexpr T&& get(tuple<Types...>&& t) noexcept;
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:80:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:81:24: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   81 | template<class T, class... Types>
      |                        ^~~
p675.cpp:82:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   82 |   constexpr const T& get(const tuple<Types...>& t) noexcept;
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:82:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:83:24: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   83 | template<class T, class... Types>
      |                        ^~~
p675.cpp:84:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   84 |   constexpr const T&& get(const tuple<Types...>&& t) noexcept;
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:84:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:86:15: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   86 | template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
      |               ^~~
p675.cpp:86:32: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   86 | template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
      |                                ^~~
p675.cpp:87:3: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   87 |   constexpr bool operator==(const tuple<TTypes...>&, const tuple<UTypes...>&);
      |   ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:87:3: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:88:15: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   88 | template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
      |               ^~~
p675.cpp:88:32: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   88 | template<class... TTypes, class... UTypes>
      |                                ^~~
p675.cpp:89:1: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   89 | constexpr common_comparison_category_t<synth_three_way_result<TTypes, UTypes>...> operator<=>(const tuple<TTypes...>&, const tuple<UTypes...>&);
      | ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:89:1: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:91:15: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   91 | template<class... Types, class Alloc>
      |               ^~~
p675.cpp:92:10: error: 'uses_allocator' is not a class template
   92 |   struct uses_allocator<tuple<Types...>, Alloc>;
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:91:10: error: parameter pack 'Types' must be at the end of the template parameter list
   91 | template<class... Types, class Alloc>
      |          ^~~~~
p675.cpp:94:1: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   94 | constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      | ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:94:1: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:94:96: warning: variadic templates only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11' [-Wc++11-extensions]
   94 | void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      |                                                                                      ^~~

p675.cpp:95:1: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   95 | constexpr void swap(const tuple<Types...>& x, const tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below);
      | ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:95:1: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'
p675.cpp:98:14: error: 'constexpr' does not name a type
   98 |       inline constexpr size_t tuple_size_v = tuple_size<T>::value;
      |              ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:98:14: note: C++11 'constexpr' only available with '-std=c++11' or '-std=gnu++11'

$ g++ p675.cpp -std=2b -o p675g -I. -Wall
p675.cpp:44:18: error: 'unspecified' does not name a type
   44 | inline constexpr unspecified ignore;
      |                  ^~~~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:52:19: error: 'CTypes' was not declared in this scope; did you mean 'ctype'?
   52 |   constexpr tuple<CTypes...> tuple_cat(Tuples&&...);
      |                   ^~~~~~
      |                   ctype
p675.cpp:52:25: error: expected parameter pack before '...'
   52 |   constexpr tuple<CTypes...> tuple_cat(Tuples&&...);
      |                         ^~~
p675.cpp:52:28: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   52 |   constexpr tuple<CTypes...> tuple_cat(Tuples&&...);
      |                            ^
p675.cpp:89:40: error: 'synth_three_way_result' was not declared in this scope; did you mean 'compare_three_way_result'?
   89 | constexpr common_comparison_category_t<synth_three_way_result<TTypes, UTypes>...> operator<=>(const tuple<TTypes...>&, const tuple<UTypes...>&);
      |                                        ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
      |                                        compare_three_way_result
p675.cpp:89:77: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   89 | constexpr common_comparison_category_t<synth_three_way_result<TTypes, UTypes>...> operator<=>(const tuple<TTypes...>&, const tuple<UTypes...>&);
      |                                                                             ^
p675.cpp:89:78: error: expected unqualified-id before '...' token
   89 | constexpr common_comparison_category_t<synth_three_way_result<TTypes, UTypes>...> operator<=>(const tuple<TTypes...>&, const tuple<UTypes...>&);
      |                                                                              ^~~
p675.cpp:94:27: error: 'Types' was not declared in this scope
   94 | constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      |                           ^~~~~
p675.cpp:94:32: error: expected parameter pack before '...'
   94 | constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      |                                ^~~
p675.cpp:94:35: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   94 | constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      |                                   ^
p675.cpp:94:47: error: 'Types' was not declared in this scope
   94 | constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      |                                               ^~~~~
p675.cpp:94:52: error: expected parameter pack before '...'
   94 | constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      |                                                    ^~~
p675.cpp:94:55: error: template argument 1 is invalid
   94 | constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      |                                                       ^
p675.cpp:94:70: error: 'see_below' was not declared in this scope
   94 | constexpr void swap(tuple<Types...>& x, tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below); template<class... Types>
      |                                                                      ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:95:82: error: 'see_below' was not declared in this scope
   95 | constexpr void swap(const tuple<Types...>& x, const tuple<Types...>& y) noexcept(see_below);
      |                                                                                  ^~~~~~~~~
p675.cpp:98:31: error: redefinition of 'template<class T> constexpr const std::size_t std::tuple_size_v'
   98 |       inline constexpr size_t tuple_size_v = tuple_size<T>::value;
      |                               ^~~~~~~~~~~~
In file included from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/bits/stl_pair.h:62,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/bits/stl_algobase.h:64,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/string:50,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/bits/locale_classes.h:40,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/bits/ios_base.h:41,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/ios:42,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/ostream:38,
                 from /usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/iostream:39,
                 from p675.cpp:10:
/usr/local/include/c++/12.1.0/bits/utility.h:75:29: note: 'template<class _Tp> constexpr const std::size_t std::tuple_size_v<_Tp>' previously declared here
   75 |     inline constexpr size_t tuple_size_v = tuple_size<_Tp>::value;
      |                             ^~~~~~~~~~~~

検討事項(agenda)

コンパイルエラーを取るか、コンパイルエラーの理由を解説する。

参考資料(reference)

cpprefjp - C++日本語リファレンス

コンパイラの実装状況

typedef は C++11 ではオワコン

C99からC++14を駆け抜けるC++講座

@kazuo_reve 私が効果を確認した「小川メソッド」

自己参照(self reference)

ockerにclang

docker gnu(gcc/g++) and llvm(clang/clang++)

コンパイル用shell script C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)

C++N4910:2022 tag follower 200人超えました。ありがとうございます。

C++N4910:2022 tag follower 200人超えました。ありがとうございます。

コピペコンパイルエラーあるある

C++ Error Message Collection(1)does not name a type, 11 articles

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コンパイル用shell script C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)

Compare the contents of C++N4910:2022, C++N4741:2018 and C++N4606:2015

C++ sample list

clang++, g++コンパイルエラー方針の違いの例

astyle 使ってみた

C++N4606 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standardのコード断片をコンパイルするためにしていること
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a8d7ee2f2e29e76c19c1

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https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da

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https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/9a82b958cc3aeef0403f

C++2003とC++2017でコンパイルエラーになるならない事例集
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/a13ea3823441c430edff

Qiitaに投稿するCのStyle例(暫定)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/946df1528a6a1ef2bc0d

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https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/090909af702f0d5d8a67

MISRA C++ 5-0-16
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/7df2d4e05db724752a74

C++ Templates Part1 BASICS Chapter 3. Class Templates 3.2 Use of Class Template Stack stack1test.cpp
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/cd5fc49106fad5a4e9ed

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013 C Secure Coding Rules(1) All list(to be confirmed)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/54e056195c4f11b850a1

C言語（C++)に対する誤解、曲解、無理解、爽快。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3f3992c9722c1cee2e3a

C Puzzle Bookの有り難み5つ、C言語規格及びCコンパイラの特性を認識
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/d89a48c1536a02ecdec9

'wchar.h' file not found で困った clang++ macOS
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/de15cd46d657517fac11

Open POSIX Test Suiteの使い方を調べはじめました
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/644d5e407f5faf96e6dc

MISRA-C 2012 Referenceに掲載している文献の入手可能性を確認
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/96dc8b125e462d5575bb

どうやって MISRA Example Suiteをコンパイルするか
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fbdbff5ff696e2ca7f00

MISRA C まとめ #include
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/f1a79a7cbd281607c7c9

「C++完全理解ガイド」の同意できること上位10
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/aa5744e0c4a8618c7671

DoCAP（ドゥーキャップ）って何ですか？

小川メソッド　覚え（書きかけ）

＜この記事は個人の過去の経験に基づく個人の感想です。現在所属する組織、業務とは関係がありません。＞

文書履歴(document history)

ver. 0.01 初稿　20220724