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5.21 Forming or using out-of-bounds pointers or array subscripts [invptr] C Secure Coding Rules(9)

Last updated at Posted at 2018-04-04

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013
Information Technology — Programming languages, their environments and system software interfaces — C Secure Coding Rules
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf

n1624は、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG14の作業文書(Working Draft)です。
公式のISO/IEC TS 17961:2013原本ではありません。

ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG14では、可能な限り作業文書を公開し、幅広い意見を求めています。技術内容を検討し、ISO/IEC JTC1 SC22 WG14にフィードバックするために用います。

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013 C Secure Coding Rules(1)一覧

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013 C Secure Coding Rules(1) All list(to be confirmed) - kaizen_nagoya @ Qiita
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/54e056195c4f11b850a1

一つの規則で複数回のコンパイルが必要な場合、別記事にしています。

例と作り込んだ部分と資料の断片とを一つのファイルとしている。
作り込んだところは///を記載するように変更中である。

作業予定

規則に記載のある例(断片等)をコンパイル、実行する予定です。
1: コンパイルエラーが出ないようにする。
 一accfree.cがこの段階です。
2: 実行時エラーが出ないようにする。
 ptrcomp.cがこの段階です。
3: 意味のある出力が出るようにする。
 検討中。

現状では、変な代入、奇異な操作が頻出します。コンパイルエラーが出ないようにするなるべく短い記述で済まそうという趣旨で、他意はありません。
意味のある出力があるよりよい記述に変更する予定です。

現在利用中のコンパイラ

Apple LLVM version 9.1.0 (clang-902.0.39.1)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin17.4.0
または
clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final)
Target: x86_64-apple-darwin17.4.0

gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

環境(Environment)

hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9

コンパイル用shell script

C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da

5.21 Forming or using out-of-bounds pointers or array subscripts [invptr]

##EXAMPLE 1 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because if f is called with a negative argument for index, an out-of-bounds pointer is formed.

invptr.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 1 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because if f is called with a negative argument for index, an out-of-bounds pointer is formed.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS, NULL
#include <string.h> /// strlen, memset

#define TABLESIZE 100
static int table1[TABLESIZE];

int *f(int index) {
  if (index < TABLESIZE) {
    return table1 + index; // diagnostic required
  }
  return NULL;
}

int main(void) {///
  int i =2;///
  printf("%d \n",*f(i));///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr
$ clang invptr.c
0 

$ gcc-7 invptr.c
0 

##EXAMPLE 2 In this compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because when the parameter index is negative, an out-of-bounds pointer cannot be returned.

invptr2.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 2 In this compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because when the parameter index is negative, an out-of-bounds pointer cannot be returned.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

#define TABLESIZE 100
static int table[TABLESIZE];
int *f(int index) {
  if (0 <= index && index < TABLESIZE) {
  return table + index;
  }
  return NULL;
}

int main(void) {///
  int i =3;///
  printf("%d \n",*f(i));///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$  ./gcc7ts.sh invptr2
$ clang invptr2.c
0 

$ gcc-7 invptr2.c
0 

EXAMPLE 3 In this compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because the parameter index cannot be negative and an out-of-bounds pointer cannot be returned.

invptr3.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 3 In this compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because the parameter index cannot be negative and an out-of-bounds pointer cannot be returned.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

#define TABLESIZE 100
static int table[TABLESIZE];
int *f(size_t index) {
  if (index < TABLESIZE) {
  return table + index;
  }
  return NULL;
}

int main(void) {///
  int i =4;///
  printf("%d \n",*f(i));///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ OgawaKiyoshi-no-MacBook-Pro:ts17961 ogawakiyoshi$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr3
$ clang invptr3.c
0 

$ gcc-7 invptr3.c
0 

##EXAMPLE 4 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because if the string path does not contain the backslash character in the first MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH + 1 characters, then machine_name will be dereferenced past the end pointer.

invptr4.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 4 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because if the string path does not contain the backslash character in the first MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH + 1 characters, then machine_name will be dereferenced past the end pointer.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

#define MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH 64
char *get_machine_name(const char *path) {
  char *machine_name = (char*) malloc(MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
  if (machine_name == NULL) {
    return NULL;
  }
  while (*path != '\\') {
    *machine_name++ = *path++; // diagnostic required
  }
  *machine_name = '\0';
  return machine_name;
}

int main(void) {///
  char * path="/usr/local";///
  printf("machine:%s \n",get_machine_name(path));///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr4
$ clang invptr4.c
./gcc7ts.sh: line 4: 98469 Bus error: 10           ./$1l $2

$ gcc-7 invptr4.c
machine: 

EXAMPLE 5 In this compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because the string path is guaranteed to contain a backslash character within the first MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH characters when the string is copied to machine_name.

invptr5.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.34
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 5 In this compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because the string path is guaranteed to contain a backslash character within the first MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH characters when the string is copied to machine_name.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS
#include <string.h>/// for strchr

#define MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH 64
char *get_machine_name(const char *path) {
  const char *machine_name_end = strchr(path, '\\');
  if (machine_name_end == NULL|| machine_name_end >= path + MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH) {
    if    (machine_name_end == NULL) printf("machine_name_end == NULL");
  } else {
    if (machine_name_end >= path + MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH) printf("machine_name_end :%d, path:%d, MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH:%d ",machine_name_end,path, MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH);
  return NULL;
  }
  char *machine_name = (char *)malloc(MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH + 1);
  if (machine_name == NULL) {
    printf("machine_name == NULL\n");
    return NULL;
  }
///  const char *p = machine_name; change this code because of the error
///invptr5.c:21:10: error: assignment of read-only location '*p++'
///     *p++ = *path++;
///          ^
///invptr5.c:23:6: error: assignment of read-only ///location '*p'
///   *p = '\0';
///      ^
  char *p = machine_name;
  printf("machine_name:%s, machine_name_end :%d, path:%d, MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH:%d ",machine_name, machine_name_end,path, MAX_MACHINE_NAME_LENGTH);
  while (path != p) {
    *p++ = *path++;
  }
  *p = '\0';
  return machine_name;
}

int main(void) {///
  char * path="/usr/local";///
  printf("machine:%s \n",get_machine_name(path));///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr5
$ clang invptr5.c
machine:(null) 

$ gcc-7 invptr5.c
machine:(null) 

EXAMPLE 6 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because a value is stored beyond the end of the array table when the parameter pos equals the variable size.

invptr6.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 6 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because a value is stored beyond the end of the array table when the parameter pos equals the variable size.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

static int *table = NULL;
static size_t size = 0;
int insert_in_table(size_t pos, int value) {
  if (pos > size) {
    int *tmp = (int *)realloc(table, sizeof(table[0]) * (pos + 1));
    if (tmp == NULL) {
      /* ... */
    }
    size1 = pos + 1;
    table = tmp;
  }
  table[pos] = value; // diagnostic required
  return 0;
}

int main(void) {///
  int v=1;///
  printf("table:%d \n",insert_in_table(size,v));///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr6
$ clang invptr6.c
./gcc7ts.sh: line 4: 99992 Segmentation fault: 11  ./$1l $2

$ gcc-7 invptr6.c
./gcc7ts.sh: line 8:   106 Segmentation fault: 11  ./$1g $2

EXAMPLE 7 In this noncompliant compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because a value is stored within the bounds of the array table when the parameter pos equals the variable size.

invptr7.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 7 In this noncompliant compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because a value is stored within the bounds of the array table when the parameter pos equals the variable size.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

static int *table = NULL;
static size_t size = 0;
int insert_in_table(size_t pos, int value) {
  if (pos >= size) {
    int *tmp = (int *)realloc(table, sizeof(table[0]) * (pos + 1));
    if (tmp == NULL) {
      /* ... */
    }
    size = pos + 1;
    table = tmp;
  }
  table[pos] = value;
  return 0;
}

int main(void) {///
  int v=2;///
  printf("table:%d \n",insert_in_table(size,v));///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr7
$ clang invptr7.c
table:0 

$ gcc-7 invptr7.c
table:0 

EXAMPLE 8

invptr8.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 8 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because a value is stored beyond the end of the arrays in matrix[0] through matrix[4] when j has values greater than 4.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

enum { COLS = 5, ROWS = 7 };
static int matrix[ROWS][COLS];
void init_matrix(int x) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i != COLS; ++i) {
    for (size_t j = 0; j != ROWS; ++j) {
      matrix[i][j] = x; // diagnostic required
    }
  }
  printf("matrix:%d \n", matrix[ROWS-1][COLS-1]);///
}

int main(void) {///
  int v=3;///
  init_matrix(v);///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr8
$ clang invptr8.c
matrix:0 

$ gcc-7 invptr8.c
matrix:0 
 

EXAMPLE 9

invptr9.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 9 In this compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because all values are stored within the bounds of the arrays in matrix[0] through matrix[4].

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

enum { COLS = 5, ROWS = 7 };
static int matrix[ROWS][COLS];
void init_matrix(int x) {
  for (size_t i = 0; i != ROWS; ++i) {
    for (size_t j = 0; j != COLS; ++j) {
      matrix[i][j] = x;
    } 
  }
  printf("matrix:%d \n", matrix[ROWS-1][COLS-1]);///
}

int main(void) {///
  int v=4;///
  init_matrix(v);///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr9
$ clang invptr9.c
matrix:4 

$ gcc-7 invptr9.c
matrix:4 

EXAMPLE 10

invptr10.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 10 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the expression first++ results in a pointer beyond the end of the array buf when buf contains no elements.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

struct S {
  size_t len;
  char buf[];
};
char *find(struct S1 *s, int c) {
  char *first = s->buf;
  char *last = s->buf + s->len;
  while (first++ != last) { // diagnostic required
    if (*first == (unsigned char)c) {
      printf("first \n");///
      return first;
    }
    printf("first:%c \n",*first);///
  }
  printf("NULL \n");///
  return NULL;
}
void g(void) {
  struct S *s = (struct S *)malloc(sizeof(struct S));
  if (s != NULL) {
    s->len = 0;
    /* ... */
    char *where = find(s, '.');
    if (where == NULL) {
      printf("return\n");///
      return;
    }
    printf("if \n");///
  }
  /* ... */
  printf("end \n");///
}

int main(void) {///
  g();///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr10
$ clang invptr10.c
NULL 
return

$ gcc-7 invptr10.c
NULL 
return

EXAMPLE 11

invptr11.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 11 In this compliant example, a diagnostic is not required because the expression first++ does not occur unless buf contains elements.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS

struct S {
  size_t len;
  char buf[];
};
char *find(struct S *s, int c) {
  char *first = s->buf;
  char *last = s->buf + s->len;
  while (first != last) {
    if (*first++ == (unsigned char)c) {
      printf("first \n");///
      return first;
    }
    printf("first:%c \n",*first);///
  }
  printf("NULL \n");///
  return NULL;
}
void g(void) {
  struct S *s = (struct S *)malloc(sizeof(struct S));
  if (s) {
    s->len = 0;
    /* ... */
    char *where = find(s, '.');
    if (where == NULL) {
      printf("return\n");///
      return;
    }
    printf("if \n");///
  }
  printf("end \n");///
  /* ... */
}

int main(void) {///
  g();///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$./gcc7ts.sh invptr11
$ clang invptr11.c
NULL 
return

$ gcc-7 invptr11.c
NULL 
return

EXAMPLE 12

invptr12.c
// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9
//EXAMPLE 12 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the expression buf[strlen(buf) - 1] assumes that the first byte of the parameter to fgets, buf, is non-null.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS
#include <string.h> /// for strlen

void f(void) {
  char buf[BUFSIZ];
  if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin)) {
    buf[strlen(buf) - 1] = '\0'; // diagnostic required
    puts(buf);
     printf("buf:%s \n",buf);///
  }
}

int main(void) {///
  f();///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ cc invptr12.c
$ ./a.out
abc
abc
buf:abc 

EXAMPLE 13

invptr13.c

// ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22/WG 14 N 1624 Date: 2012-06-26 ISO/IEC TS 17961, p.7
// http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg14/www/docs/n1624.pdf
/// lines are added by Dr. Kiyoshi Ogawa, 2018
/// Compiled on 
///  Clang(LLVM) clang version 6.0.0 (tags/RELEASE_600/final) 
///  GCC(GNU) gcc-7 (Homebrew GCC 7.3.0_1) 7.3.0
/// hosted Environment macOS 10.13.3 or 10.12.9//EXAMPLE 13 In this noncompliant example, a diagnostic is required because the integer skip is scaled when added to the pointer s and may point outside the bounds of the object referenced by s.

#include <stdio.h> /// for printf
#include <stdlib.h> /// for EXIT_SUCCESS
#include <string.h> /// for memset
#include <stddef.h> /// for offsetof

struct big {
  unsigned long long ull_1;
  unsigned long long ull_2;
  unsigned long long ull_3;
  int si_4;
  int si_5;
};
void g(void) {
  size_t skip = offsetof(struct big, ull_2);
  struct big *s = (struct big *)malloc(4 * sizeof(struct big));
  if (!s) {
    /* ... */
  }
  memset(s + skip, 0, sizeof(struct big) - skip); // diagnostic required
  /* ... */
       printf("buf:%lld %lld %lld %d %d\n",s->ull_1,s->ull_2,s->ull_3,s->si_4,s->si_5);///
}

int main(void) { ///
  g();///
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;///
}///
shell
$ ./gcc7ts.sh invptr13
$ clang invptr13.c
buf:8070450532247928832 8070450532247928832 140735884820496 1725156669 32767

$ gcc-7 invptr13.c
buf:2305843009213693952 2305843009213693952 140735884820496 1725156669 32767

参考文献

コンパイル用shell script C版(clangとgcc)とC++版(clang++とg++)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/74220c0577a512c2d7da

C言語(C++)に対する誤解、曲解、無理解、爽快。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3f3992c9722c1cee2e3a

MISRA C まとめ #include
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/f1a79a7cbd281607c7c9

どうやって MISRA C Example Suiteをコンパイルするか
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fbdbff5ff696e2ca7f00

[C][C++]の国際規格案の例題をコンパイルするときの課題7つ。
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/5f4b155030259497c4de

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https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/54e056195c4f11b850a1

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言語処理100本ノックをdockerで。python覚えるのに最適。:10+12
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TOPPERSまとめ #名古屋のIoTは名古屋のOSで
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docker(0) 資料集
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Qiita-dockerお宝鑑定団
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The C++ Standard Library: clang++とg++でコンパイルしてみた(まとめ):14件
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C++17 - The Complete Guide clang++とg++でコンパイルしてみた(まとめ):4件
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C++N3242, 2011, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standard(1) Example code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/685b5c1a2c17c1bf1318

C++N4606 Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882, C++ standard(1) Example code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/df5d62c35bd6ed1c3d43/

C++N4741, 2018 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882 sample code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3294c014044550896010

C++N4910:2022 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882(0) sample code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/fc957ddddd402004bb91

Autosar Guidelines C++14 example code compile list(1-169)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/8ccbf6675c3494d57a76

ISO/IEC TS 17961:2013 C Secure Coding Rules(1) All list(to be confirmed)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/54e056195c4f11b850a1

プログラマによる、プログラマのための、統計と確率のプログラミングとその後 統計と確率一覧(0)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/6e9897eb641268766909

一覧の一覧( The directory of directories of mine.) Qiita(100)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/7eb0e006543886138f39

<この記事は個人の過去の経験に基づく個人の感想です。現在所属する組織、業務とは関係がありません。>
This article is an individual impression based on the individual's experience. It has nothing to do with the organization or business to which I currently belong.

文書履歴

ver. 0.10 初稿 20180403
ver. 0.11 gcc-7追記 20180407
ver. 0.12 Example節項目追記、修正前後記録 20180407
ver. 0.13 ありがとう追記 20230413

最後までおよみいただきありがとうございました。

いいね 💚、フォローをお願いします。

Thank you very much for reading to the last sentence.

Please press the like icon 💚 and follow me for your happy life.

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 研究範囲は、通信規約、言語(自然言語、人工言語)、自動制御(ソフトウェアの自動生成を含む)、工業標準(国際規格、JIS、業界団体規格等)。例えば、言語処理は、言語、自動制御、工業標準を含み、通信規約の一部でもあり、総合的に取り扱っています。文字フォントの今昔文字鏡、日本語辞書の日本語語彙体系、多言語処理などの具体的なシステムやサービスを支える技術的な課題に取り組んでいます。短歌形式の言語解析、言語学習、自動生成などは、現在の研究対象の一つです。

なお、他の著作物からの引用は、それぞれの著作者の著作物で、引用に関する部分は、著作権法第三十二条2項の範囲外です。商用利用の場合には、それぞれの著作者にご確認ください。

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