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シフトで負の値を与えるとどうなるのか?

Posted at

左シフトと右シフト(符号なし)に負値を与えてみます。

実行環境は macOS 12.1 (Intel版) のターミナル

ターミナル
$ node
Welcome to Node.js v16.13.1.
Type ".help" for more information.
> (1<<(-1)).toString(16)
'-80000000'
> (1<<(-2)).toString(16)
'40000000'
> (1<<(-3)).toString(16)
'20000000'
> (1<<(-31)).toString(16)
'2'
> (1<<(-32)).toString(16)
'1'
> (1<<(-33)).toString(16)
'-80000000'
> (0x1234<<(-4)).toString(16)
'40000000'
> (0x1234<<(-8)).toString(16)
'34000000'
> (0x1234<<(-16)).toString(16)
'12340000'
> (0x1234<<(-32)).toString(16)
'1234'
> (0x1234<<(-36)).toString(16)
'40000000'
> (1>>>(-1)).toString(16)
'0'
> (0x80000000>>>(-1)).toString(16)
'1'
> (0x80000000>>>(-2)).toString(16)
'2'
> (0x80000000>>>(-30)).toString(16)
'20000000'
> (0x80000000>>>(-31)).toString(16)
'40000000'
> (0x80000000>>>(-32)).toString(16)
'80000000'
> (0x80000000>>>(-33)).toString(16)
'1'
> (0xFEDC0000>>>(-1)).toString(16)
'1'
> (0xFEDC0000>>>(-4)).toString(16)
'f'
> (0xFEDC0000>>>(-8)).toString(16)
'fe'
> (0xFEDC0000>>>(-16)).toString(16)
'fedc'
> (0xFEDC0000>>>(-32)).toString(16)
'fedc0000'
> (0xFEDC0000>>>(-33)).toString(16)
'1'
> 1<<33
2

という結果が得られました。

仕様がどうなっているのか知らない(定義されてない気がする)けど、実際の挙動は

function left_shift(x, n) { return x << (n & 31); }
function right_shift(x, n) { return x >> (n & 31); }

となっているようです。プロセッサ依存だったりしないのかな?

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