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Arch Linux で X が起動しなくなった時の対応

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Arch Linux で、 startx で X を起動していました。
ところが、2025年の8月頃から、

sudo pacman -Syu

で更新後、X の起動ができなくなりました。

原因は、

Xorg ではなく、GNOME セッションの起動失敗

次のようなエラーメッセージが出ていました。

> Warning:          Could not resolve keysym XF86RefreshRateToggle
> Warning:          Could not resolve keysym XF86Accessibility
> Warning:          Could not resolve keysym XF86DoNotDisturb
Errors from xkbcomp are not fatal to the X server
** Message: 13:54:11.798: Starting GNOME session target: gnome-session-tty@gnome.target

** (process:22155): ERROR **: 13:54:11.799: Failed to start unit gnome-session-tty@gnome.target: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.systemd1.NoSuchUnit: Unit gnome-session-tty@gnome.target not found.
xinit: connection to X server lost

waiting for X server to shut down (II) Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file.

対策

startx でなく GDM を使う

sudo systemctl start gdm
sudo systemctl enable gdm
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