Elasticsearchで親子関係をもっているデータを試します。
# indexの作成
PUT /company
{
  "mappings": {
    "branch": {},
    "employee": {
      "_parent": {
        "type": "branch" 
      }
    }
  }
}

# データの挿入
POST /company/branch/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": "london" }}
{ "name": "London Westminster", "city": "London", "country": "UK" }
{ "index": { "_id": "liverpool" }}
{ "name": "Liverpool Central", "city": "Liverpool", "country": "UK" }
{ "index": { "_id": "paris" }}
{ "name": "Champs Élysées", "city": "Paris", "country": "France" }

# 親をもっているデータを入れる
PUT /company/employee/1?parent=london 
{
  "name":  "Alice Smith",
  "dob":   "1970-10-24",
  "hobby": "hiking"
}

# 追加でその他の親を持っているデータを入れる
POST /company/employee/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": 2, "parent": "london" }}
{ "name": "Mark Thomas", "dob": "1982-05-16", "hobby": "diving" }
{ "index": { "_id": 3, "parent": "liverpool" }}
{ "name": "Barry Smith", "dob": "1979-04-01", "hobby": "hiking" }
{ "index": { "_id": 4, "parent": "paris" }}
{ "name": "Adrien Grand", "dob": "1987-05-11", "hobby": "horses" }

# 特定の条件をもったemployeeの親オブジェクトを検索する
GET /company/branch/_search
{
  "query": {
    "has_child": {
      "type": "employee",
      "query": {
        "range": {
          "dob": {
            "gte": "1980-01-01"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

GET /company/branch/_search
{
  "query": {
    "has_child": {
      "type":       "employee",
      "score_mode": "max",
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "name": "Alice Smith"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

# 2名以上のemployeeをもったブランチを検索する
GET /company/branch/_search
{
  "query": {
    "has_child": {
      "type":         "employee",
      "min_children": 2, 
      "query": {
        "match_all": {}
      }
    }
  }
}

# 親の条件でフィルタしてemployeeを検索する
GET /company/employee/_search
{
  "query": {
    "has_parent": {
      "type": "branch", 
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "country": "UK"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

# 各国ごとにどの趣味をしている人がいるか集計する
GET /company/branch/_search
{
  "size" : 0,
  "aggs": {
    "country": {
      "terms": { 
        "field": "country"
      },
      "aggs": {
        "employees": {
          "children": { 
            "type": "employee"
          },
          "aggs": {
            "hobby": {
              "terms": { 
                "field": "hobby"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}


# 3代にわたる親子関係を試すため一度companyのindexは削除する
DELETE /company

# 再度indexを作る
PUT /company
{
  "mappings": {
    "country": {},
    "branch": {
      "_parent": {
        "type": "country" 
      }
    },
    "employee": {
      "_parent": {
        "type": "branch" 
      }
    }
  }
}

# データを入れる
POST /company/country/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": "uk" }}
{ "name": "UK" }
{ "index": { "_id": "france" }}
{ "name": "France" }

POST /company/branch/_bulk
{ "index": { "_id": "london", "parent": "uk" }}
{ "name": "London Westmintster" }
{ "index": { "_id": "liverpool", "parent": "uk" }}
{ "name": "Liverpool Central" }
{ "index": { "_id": "paris", "parent": "france" }}
{ "name": "Champs Élysées" }

# 同じシャードにデータがいくようにroutingパラメータをつける
PUT /company/employee/1?parent=london&routing=uk 
{
  "name":  "Alice Smith",
  "dob":   "1970-10-24",
  "hobby": "hiking"
}

# 検索する
GET /company/country/_search
{
  "query": {
    "has_child": {
      "type": "branch",
      "query": {
        "has_child": {
          "type": "employee",
          "query": {
            "match": {
              "hobby": "hiking"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
参考

https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/guide/current/parent-child.html