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[TryHackMe] Advent of Cyber 2, Day 16 - Walkthrough -

Last updated at Posted at 2020-12-17

本稿では、TryHackMeにて提供されている「Advent of Cyber 2」ルームに関する攻略方法(Walkthrough)について検証します。
「Advent of Cyber 2」は「free room」(無料)で提供されています。購読を必要とせずに仮想マシンを「展開(Deploy)」することができます。

『Advent of Cyber 2』のWalkthroughインデックスを「[TryHackMe] Advent of Cyber 2に参加してみた」にて公開しました。

[Day 16] Scripting: Help! Where is Santa?

ストーリー

Day16.png

なんてことだ! サンタさん:santa_tone2:が飛び立ってしまった! 忠実なエルフたちを残してね! サンタさんの居場所を探すのに協力できるかな?サンタさんの居場所を探すのを 手伝ってくれないか?

幸いにも 妖精達はOSINTの達人で いくつかのことを覚えています。 具体的には、次の事項です。

  • サンタさんは迷子になったエルフたちが家に帰る道を見つけるのに役立つWebページ MACHINE_IP/static/index.html を持っています。たた、サンタさんは、ウェブサーバがどのポート番号で稼働しているのかエルフたちに教えていませんでした。特定できますか?
  • このウェブページのどこかにリンクが隠されています。エルフでない人には見つからないように隠されています。
    -サンタさんのそり(Santa's Sled)には、APIがあります。APIのキーは0〜100で、奇数です。しかし、注意してください!不明な回数の試行後、Santa's SledはあなたのIPアドレスを禁止します。

Santa's Sledを実行しているマシンをデプロイし、ターゲット(MACHINE_IP)が起動するまで数分待ちます。15日目のPythonのスキルを使って、APIの正しい鍵を探索します。

Day 16 - #1.

What is the port number for the web server?

nmapを使用し、ポートスキャンを実行します。

kali@kali:~$ nmap -Pn -T4 -A -vv 10.10.64.46
Starting Nmap 7.80 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2020-12-16 22:51 EST
Nmap scan report for 10.10.64.46
Host is up, received user-set (0.26s latency).
Scanned at 2020-12-16 22:51:20 EST for 185s
Not shown: 999 closed ports
Reason: 999 conn-refused
PORT     STATE SERVICE  REASON  VERSION
8000/tcp open  http-alt syn-ack uvicorn
| fingerprint-strings: 
|   FourOhFourRequest: 
|     HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
|     date: Thu, 17 Dec 2020 03:52:01 GMT
|     server: uvicorn
|     content-length: 22
|     content-type: application/json
|     Connection: close
|     {"detail":"Not Found"}
|   GetRequest: 
|     HTTP/1.1 200 OK
|     date: Thu, 17 Dec 2020 03:51:55 GMT
|     server: uvicorn
|     content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
|     content-length: 6992
|     last-modified: Mon, 23 Nov 2020 00:31:30 GMT
|     etag: 43d617909830c0d0a48bbbe8ea26ae39
|     Connection: close
|     <!DOCTYPE html>
|     <html>
|     <head>
|     <meta charset="utf-8">
|     <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
|     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
|     <title>Santa's Tracker</title>
|     <link rel="shortcut icon" href="" type="image/x-icon">
|     <link rel="stylesheet" href="bulma.css">
|     <!-- Bulma Version 0.9.0-->
|     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/hero.css">
|     <!-- <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/bulma-modal-fx/dist/css/modal-fx.min.css" /> -->
|     </head>
|     <body>
|     <section class="hero is-info is-medium is-bold">
|   HTTPOptions: 
|     HTTP/1.1 405 Method Not Allowed
|     date: Thu, 17 Dec 2020 03:52:07 GMT
|     server: uvicorn
|     content-length: 31
|     content-type: application/json
|     Connection: close
|_    {"detail":"Method Not Allowed"}
| http-methods: 
|_  Supported Methods: GET
|_http-server-header: uvicorn
|_http-title: Santa's Tracker
1 service unrecognized despite returning data. If you know the service/version, please submit the following fingerprint at https://nmap.org/cgi-bin/submit.cgi?new-service :
SF-Port8000-TCP:V=7.80%I=7%D=12/16%Time=5FDAD5DA%P=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu%r(G
SF:etRequest,1C40,"HTTP/1\.1\x20200\x20OK\r\ndate:\x20Thu,\x2017\x20Dec\x2
SF:02020\x2003:51:55\x20GMT\r\nserver:\x20uvicorn\r\ncontent-type:\x20text
SF:/html;\x20charset=utf-8\r\ncontent-length:\x206992\r\nlast-modified:\x2
SF:0Mon,\x2023\x20Nov\x202020\x2000:31:30\x20GMT\r\netag:\x2043d617909830c
SF:0d0a48bbbe8ea26ae39\r\nConnection:\x20close\r\n\r\n<!DOCTYPE\x20html>\n
SF:<html>\n\x20\x20\x20\x20<head>\n\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20<meta\x
SF:20charset=\"utf-8\">\n\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20<meta\x20http-equ
SF:iv=\"X-UA-Compatible\"\x20content=\"IE=edge\">\n\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2
SF:0\x20\x20<meta\x20name=\"viewport\"\x20content=\"width=device-width,\x2
SF:0initial-scale=1\">\n\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20<title>Santa's\x20
SF:Tracker</title>\n\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20<link\x20rel=\"shortcu
SF:t\x20icon\"\x20href=\"\"\x20type=\"image/x-icon\">\n\x20\x20\x20\x20\x2
SF:0\x20\x20\x20<link\x20rel=\"stylesheet\"\x20href=\"bulma\.css\">\n\x20\
SF:x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20<!--\x20Bulma\x20Version\x200\.9\.0-->\n\x20
SF:\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20<link\x20rel=\"stylesheet\"\x20type=\"text/
SF:css\"\x20href=\"\.\./css/hero\.css\">\n\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20
SF:\x20<!--\x20<link\x20rel=\"stylesheet\"\x20href=\"https://unpkg\.com/bu
SF:lma-modal-fx/dist/css/modal-fx\.min\.css\"\x20/>\x20-->\n\x20\x20\x20\x
SF:20</head>\n\x20\x20\x20\x20<body>\n\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20<sec
SF:tion\x20class=\"hero\x20is-info\x20is-medium\x20is-bold\">\n\x20\x20\x2
SF:0\x20\x20\x20\x20\x20")%r(FourOhFourRequest,AD,"HTTP/1\.1\x20404\x20Not
SF:\x20Found\r\ndate:\x20Thu,\x2017\x20Dec\x202020\x2003:52:01\x20GMT\r\ns
SF:erver:\x20uvicorn\r\ncontent-length:\x2022\r\ncontent-type:\x20applicat
SF:ion/json\r\nConnection:\x20close\r\n\r\n{\"detail\":\"Not\x20Found\"}")
SF:%r(HTTPOptions,BF,"HTTP/1\.1\x20405\x20Method\x20Not\x20Allowed\r\ndate
SF::\x20Thu,\x2017\x20Dec\x202020\x2003:52:07\x20GMT\r\nserver:\x20uvicorn
SF:\r\ncontent-length:\x2031\r\ncontent-type:\x20application/json\r\nConne
SF:ction:\x20close\r\n\r\n{\"detail\":\"Method\x20Not\x20Allowed\"}");

NSE: Script Post-scanning.
NSE: Starting runlevel 1 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 22:54
Completed NSE at 22:54, 0.00s elapsed
NSE: Starting runlevel 2 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 22:54
Completed NSE at 22:54, 0.00s elapsed
NSE: Starting runlevel 3 (of 3) scan.
Initiating NSE at 22:54
Completed NSE at 22:54, 0.00s elapsed
Read data files from: /usr/bin/../share/nmap
Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 185.49 seconds

Santa's Tracking System
Are you an Elf that Santa has forgotten? Use this system to track Santa! Note: due to how many humans try to find where Santa is, the link is hidden on this webpage. You're going to have to manually click every single link. Or perhaps there is a way to find all the links as fast as a Python?

Important notice All deliiveries to Skidy for TryHackMe jumpers are to be stopped. That man has asked for 613 on the premise that they are the softest jumper in the world. Please, we need to share them out.

Santa's Trackerが稼働しているポート番号が特定できました。実際にアクセスしてみます。

http://MACHINE_IP:PORT/static/index.html

このウェブページにはリンクが隠されています。マニュアルですべてのリンクをクリックする必要があります。」とあります。そして、 あるいはあるいは、Pythonのように素早くすべてのリンクを見つける方法があるかもしれません。」と。
Santas Tracker.png

Day 16 - #2.

Without using enumerations tools such as Dirbuster, what is the directory for the API? (without the API key)

linkgrabber.py
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
html = requests.get('http://10.10.64.46:8000/static/index.html')
soup = BeautifulSoup(html.text, "lxml")
links = soup.find_all('a')
for link in links:
        if "href" in link.attrs:
                 print(link["href"])
kali@kali:~$ python3 linkgrabber.py | uniq
../

https://github.com/BulmaTemplates/bulma-templates/blob/master/templates/hero.html
https://tryhackme.com
#
http://machine_ip/api/api_key
#
https://github.com/BulmaTemplates/bulma-templates

Day 16 - #3.

Where is Santa right now?

Day 16 - #4.

Find out the correct API key. Remember, this is an odd number between 0-100. After too many attempts, Santa's Sled will block you.
To unblock yourself, simply terminate and re-deploy the target instance

apibruter.py
import requests

api_key = 1
html = requests.get(f'http://10.10.64.46:8000/api/{api_key}')

print(html.text)
kali@kali:~$ python3 apibruter.py 
{"item_id":1,"q":"Error. Key not valid!"}
apibruter_r.py
import requests

for api_key in range(1,100,2):
        print(f"api_key {api_key}")
        html = requests.get(f'http://10.10.64.46:8000/api/{api_key}')
        print(html.text)

api.png

firefox.png

PROTECTION.png

これにて、16日目のミッションが終了です。

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