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1.3(易) 条件付き確率と同時確率

Last updated at Posted at 2021-07-08

方針

ベイジアンネットワークなどのアイデアとなる変形方法である.条件付き確率の定義式:

P[A\cap B]=P[B]P[A|B]

を用いて式変形をしていく.

答案

任意の自然数kに対し

X_k=A_1\cap \ldots\cap A_k

と置くと,

\begin{align}
P[A_1\cap \ldots\cap A_n]&= P[A_n\cap X_{n-1}]\\
&= P[A_n|X_{n-1}]P[X_{n-1}]\\
&= P[A_n|X_{n-1}]P[A_{n-1}\cap X_{n-2}]\\
&= P[A_n|X_{n-2}]P[A_{n-1}|X_{n-2}]P[X_{n-2}]\\
&\vdots\\
&= P[A_n|X_{n-1}]\ldots P[A_k|X_{k-1}]\ldots P[A_2|X_1]P[X_1]\\
&= P[A_n|A_1\cap\ldots\cap A_{n-1}]\ldots P[A_2|A_1]P[A_1]
\end{align}

参考文献

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