初めに
今回は、MAC OSに対応したUBUNTUの仮想環境であるMultipassを使用しました。
（Windowsでは、WSL2になります）
MAC OS上でLinuxコマンドの入力や実装ができるため、非常に便利です。
一番最後にMultipassのリンクを貼っておきますので、参考にしてください。
1. ポートの利用状況
コマンドを実行する際には、「sudo apt install net-tools」を使用して、インストールしましょう。
~$ netstat -anp
出力結果
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.53:53 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN -
tcp 0 0 192.168.64.3:22 192.168.64.1:49193 ESTABLISHED -
tcp 0 0 192.168.64.3:22 192.168.64.1:49418 ESTABLISHED -
tcp 0 0 192.168.64.3:22 192.168.64.1:49179 ESTABLISHED -
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN -
udp 0 0 127.0.0.53:53 0.0.0.0:* -
udp 0 0 192.168.64.3:68 0.0.0.0:* -
raw6 0 0 :::58 :::* 7 -
Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established)
Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node PID/Program name Path
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 11811 - /run/systemd/userdb/io.systemd.DynamicUser
unix 2 [ ACC ] SEQPACKET LISTENING 11841 - /run/udev/control
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 11821 - /run/lvm/lvmpolld.socket
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 11824 - /run/systemd/journal/syslog
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 11826 - /run/systemd/fsck.progress
unix 13 [ ] DGRAM 11834 - /run/systemd/journal/dev-log
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 23263 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/systemd/notify
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 11836 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23266 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/systemd/private
unix 9 [ ] DGRAM 11838 - /run/systemd/journal/socket
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23717 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/bus
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23718 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/gnupg/S.dirmngr
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23719 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent.browser
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23720 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent.extra
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17248 - /var/snap/lxd/common/lxd/unix.socket
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 11823 - @/org/kernel/linux/storage/multipathd
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23721 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent.ssh
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23722 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/gnupg/S.gpg-agent
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23723 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/pk-debconf-socket
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 23724 1055/systemd /run/user/1000/snapd-session-agent.socket
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 13352 - /run/systemd/journal/io.systemd.journal
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17243 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17245 - /run/docker.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17250 - /run/snapd.socket
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17252 - /run/snapd-snap.socket
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17254 - /run/uuidd/request
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 19009 - /run/irqbalance//irqbalance655.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 21556 - /run/containerd/containerd.sock.ttrpc
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 21558 - /run/containerd/containerd.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 20863 - /var/run/docker/metrics.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 21796 - /var/run/docker/libnetwork/1b59ba78122b.sock
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 17247 - @ISCSIADM_ABSTRACT_NAMESPACE
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 11806 - /run/systemd/notify
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 11809 - /run/systemd/private
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 17608 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19794 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 16169 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18329 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19884 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23712 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17931 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 25634 1370/dbus-daemon
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 17609 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20720 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19894 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 2 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 24284 -
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 23264 1055/systemd
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 23695 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19409 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21564 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 13654 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 26369 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21659 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19295 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 15175 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17123 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23267 1055/systemd
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19296 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19291 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20722 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20540 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 26370 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 24307 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23482 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20813 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20719 -
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 16172 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20865 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19373 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21536 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19276 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20723 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19109 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19986 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17929 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21537 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20084 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 25633 1370/dbus-daemon
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19290 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18993 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 16795 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19008 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17930 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 13660 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 24532 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 14122 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19014 -
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 17607 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 25635 1370/dbus-daemon
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19888 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 23265 1055/systemd
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 23144 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20626 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19390 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19424 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18744 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19294 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 2 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23653 -
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 11808 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18073 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19289 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 25637 1370/dbus-daemon /run/user/1000/bus
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 11807 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19293 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17046 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 13652 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19885 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18144 -
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 16171 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 16796 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 13564 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21542 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21660 - /run/containerd/containerd.sock
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20454 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19205 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 14453 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18580 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18575 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 25622 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 24908 1055/systemd
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 21541 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19203 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19374 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 18583 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 17603 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18328 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19292 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17690 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 25621 1370/dbus-daemon
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23689 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18664 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19236 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19352 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19890 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 18331 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19423 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23246 1055/systemd
unix 2 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 26263 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19306 - /run/systemd/journal/stdout
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19297 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 16173 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 25032 -
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 13655 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 20866 - /run/containerd/containerd.sock
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 19336 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22115 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 23256 1055/systemd
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 23481 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 25431 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 17045 -
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 16174 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 24531 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 13354 -
unix 3 [ ] DGRAM 17610 -
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 22116 - /run/dbus/system_bus_socket
unix 3 [ ] STREAM CONNECTED 19500 -
unix 2 [ ] DGRAM 17135 -
2. サーバーホスト名を確認する
「hostname」と「uname -n」の出力結果は同じなので、どちらでもいいかなと思います。
~$ hostname
~$ uname -n
~$ uname a
3. ルーティングテーブルの表示
~$ route print
出力結果
Usage: route [-nNvee] [-FC] [<AF>] List kernel routing tables
route [-v] [-FC] {add|del|flush} ... Modify routing table for AF.
route {-h|--help} [<AF>] Detailed usage syntax for specified AF.
route {-V|--version} Display version/author and exit.
-v, --verbose be verbose
-n, --numeric don't resolve names
-e, --extend display other/more information
-F, --fib display Forwarding Information Base (default)
-C, --cache display routing cache instead of FIB
<AF>=Use -4, -6, '-A <af>' or '--<af>'; default: inet
List of possible address families (which support routing):
inet (DARPA Internet) inet6 (IPv6) ax25 (AMPR AX.25)
netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) ipx (Novell IPX) ddp (Appletalk DDP)
x25 (CCITT X.25)
上記のような長い出力結果が表示されましたが、おそらくオプションを指定欲しいのだと思います。
以下に、「-nNvee」を指定して実装します
~$route -nNvee
出力結果
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface MSS Window irtt
0.0.0.0 192.168.64.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp0s1 0 0 0
172.17.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 0 0 0 docker 0 0 0
192.168.64.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 enp0s1 0 0 0
192.168.64.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 100 0 0 enp0s1 0 0 0
4. サーバーコマンド
~$ w
出力結果
19:44:08 up 2:08, 1 user, load average: 0.06, 0.05, 0.01
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
ubuntu pts/0 192.168.64.1 19:18 0.00s 0.15s 0.03s w
5. 各種リソースの使用状況
~$vmstat
出力結果
19:44:08 up 2:08, 1 user, load average: 0.06, 0.05, 0.01
USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT
ubuntu pts/0 192.168.64.1 19:18 0.00s 0.15s 0.03s w
6. CPUの使用率を確認する
コマンドを実行する前に、「sudo apt install sysstat」を実行して、インストールする。
~$ iostat -c
出力結果
Linux 5.4.0-169-generic (UBUNTU) 01/22/24 _aarch64_ (2 CPU)
avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
0.11 0.01 0.12 0.03 0.00 99.73
7. コア毎のCPUの使用率を確認
~$mpstat -P ALL
出力結果
Linux 5.4.0-169-generic (UBUNTU) 01/22/24 _aarch64_ (2 CPU)
21:14:42 CPU %usr %nice %sys %iowait %irq %soft %steal %guest %gnice %idle
21:14:42 all 0.10 0.01 0.10 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.75
21:14:42 0 0.10 0.01 0.10 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.75
21:14:42 1 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 99.76
8. メモリの空き容量を確認する
~$ free -m
出力結果
total used free shared buff/cache available
Mem: 969 194 246 1 529 685
Swap: 0 0 0
最後に
インフラで使用するコマンドは、未だ沢山ありますので、現在も学習を続けています。
参考リンク