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Node.jsデザインパターン 並行処理

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Node.jsデザインパターンを読んでいる中で
並行処理を学んだので書いていく。

並行処理の基本パターン

const tasks = [task1, task2, task3]

let completed = 0

tasks.forEach(task => {
  task(() => {
    if(++completed === tasks.length) {
      finish();
    }
  })
})

function finish() {
  console.log('all tasks finished!!')
}

function task1(callback) {
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log('task1 finished')
    callback()
  }, 1000)
}

function task2(callback) {
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log('task2 finished')
    callback()
  }, 2000)
}

function task3(callback) {
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log('task3 finished')
    callback()
  }, 3000)
}

これを実行すると、コンソールは以下のようになる。

> "task1 finished"
> "task2 finished"
> "task3 finished"
> "all tasks finished!!"

"all tasks finished!!"をコールバック関数にせず、同期的に処理すると以下のようになる。

const tasks = [task1, task2, task3]

let completed = 0

tasks.forEach(task => {
  task()
  if(++completed === tasks.length) {
    finish();
  }
})

function finish() {
  console.log('all tasks finished!!')
}

function task1() {
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log('task1 finished')
//     callback()
  }, 1000)
}

function task2() {
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log('task2 finished')
//     callback()
  }, 2000)
}

function task3() {
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log('task3 finished')
//     callback()
  }, 3000)
}

コンソールには以下のように吐き出された。

> "all tasks finished!!"
> "task1 finished"
> "task2 finished"
> "task3 finished"

次に、本当に並列処理がなされているのかを Data.now() を使って確認してみる。

const tasks = [task1, task2, task3]

let completed = 0

tasks.forEach(task => {
  const startTime = Date.now()
  task(startTime, () => {
    if(++completed === tasks.length) {
      finish();
    }
  })
})

function finish() {
  console.log('all tasks finished!!')
}

function task1(startTime, callback) {
  console.log(`task1 startTime: ${startTime}`)
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log(`task1 finished ${Date.now()}`)
    callback()
  }, 1000)
}

function task2(startTime, callback) {
  console.log(`task2 startTime: ${startTime}`)
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log(`task2 finished ${Date.now()}`)
    callback()
  }, 2000)
}

function task3(startTime, callback) {
  console.log(`task3 startTime: ${startTime}`)
  setTimeout(()=> {
    console.log(`task3 finished ${Date.now()}`)
    callback()
  }, 3000)
}

これを実行すると、以下のようになる。

> "task1 startTime: 1639648461429"
> "task2 startTime: 1639648461429"
> "task3 startTime: 1639648461429"
> "task1 finished 1639648462431"
> "task2 finished 1639648463430"
> "task3 finished 1639648464434"
> "all tasks finished!!"

タイムスタンプなので見づらいが、ちゃんと同じ時間に3つのタスクがstartしていて、それぞれ約1秒後、約2秒後、約3秒後に終了していることがわかる。

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