エラー
/var/log/mysql/error.log
[Warning] [MY-010139] [Server] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 8161)
[Warning] [MY-010142] [Server] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 4000)
[Warning] [MY-010091] [Server] Can't create test file /var/lib/mysql/mysqld_tmp_file_case_insensitive_test.lower-test
[System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.19) starting as process 18977
[Warning] [MY-010091] [Server] Can't create test file /var/lib/mysql/mysqld_tmp_file_case_insensitive_test.lower-test
[Warning] [MY-010159] [Server] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /var/lib/mysql/ is case insensitive
[ERROR] [MY-010846] [Server] MYSQL_BIN_LOG::open_purge_index_file failed to open register file.
[ERROR] [MY-010817] [Server] MYSQL_BIN_LOG::open_index_file failed to sync the index file.
[ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
[System] [MY-010910] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.0.19) MySQL Community Server - GPL.
mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
解決策
sudo chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql/
sudo service mysql start