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xml.etree.ElementTreeの使い方

Posted at

Python 3.8.2

xml.etree.ElementTree --- ElementTree XML API

パース

ファイルから

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('country_data.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

文字列から

root = ET.fromstring(country_data_as_string)

検索

タグで現在の要素の 直接の子要素 のみ検索

# Listが返ってくる
list = root.findall('country'):

タグで最初に見つかった要素だけ検索

elem = root.find('country'):

XPath式で検索

root.findall("./country/neighbor")

コンテンツと属性へのアクセス

コンテンツにアクセス

rank = country.find('rank').text

属性にアクセス

 # どちらでも
 country.get('name')
 country.attrib['name']

子要素の生成

elem = ET.SubElement(root,'country')
elem = ET.SubElement(root,'country', attrib={'name':'Liechtenstein'})

子要素の削除

>>> for country in root.findall('country'):
...     # using root.findall() to avoid removal during traversal
...     rank = int(country.find('rank').text)
...     if rank > 50:
...         root.remove(country)
...

出力

sys.stdoutに出力

ET.dump(root)

ファイルに出力

  • 改行されないので見にくい
tree = ET.ElementTree(root)
tree.write('filename', encoding="utf-8", xml_declaration=True)

改行付きでファイルに出力

import xml.dom.minidom as md
document = md.parseString(ET.tostring(root, 'utf-8'))
with open(fname,'w') as f:
    document.writexml(f, encoding='utf-8', newl='\n', indent='', addindent='  ')

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