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djangoとpostgresqlをDockerで接続しようとしたときに「django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not translate host name "db" to address: Name or service not known」というエラーが出る

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#エラー
Quickstart: Compose and Djangoを見ながらdockerでDjangoの開発環境を構築しようとして、docker-compose upしたときに以下のエラーが出た。

django.db.utils.OperationalError: could not translate host name "db" to address: Name or service not known

##setting.py

setting.py
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql',
        'NAME': 'postgres',
        'USER': 'postgres',
        'PASSWORD': 'postgres',
        'HOST': 'db',
        'PORT': 5432,
    }
}

##修正前のdokcer-compose.yml

Docker-compose.yml
version: '3'

services:
  web:
    build: .
    command: python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    ports:
      - "8000:8000"
    depends_on:
      - db
  db:
    image: postgres

##修正後のdocker-compose.yml

docker-compose.yml
version: '3'

services:
    web:
        build: .
        command: python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
        volumes:
            - .:/code
        ports:
            - "8000:8000"
        depends_on:
            - db
    db:
        image: postgres
        ports: 
            - "5432"
        environment:
          - POSTGRES_DB=postgres
          - POSTGRES_USER=postgres
          - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=postgres

これで、エラーが解消しました。
Docker内でpostgresを使用するには、データベースユーザー、パスワード、db-nameなどの情報を構成する必要があります。これは、修正後のdokcer-compose.ymlにあるenvironmentにおいてコンテナの環境変数を設定することにより行うことができる。

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