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Laravel とPHP TipsAdvent Calendar 2023

Day 18

Laravel初心者向け、よく使うCollectionの整形系メソッド

Posted at

概要

自分が普段仕事で良く使うCollectionのデータ整形系メソッドを抜粋して紹介します。
EloquentCollection特有のメソッドは除外しています

一覧

map

mapメソッドは、クロージャを利用して、各要素を整形します。

$people = collect([
    ['name' => 'John', 'age' => 30],
    ['name' => 'Jane', 'age' => 25],
    ['name' => 'Doe', 'age' => 30],
]);

// 各人の名前を大文字に変換して新しいコレクションを作成
$uppercasedNames = $people->map(function ($person) {
    return [
        'name' => strtoupper($person['name']),
        'age' => $person['age']
    ];
});

dd($uppercasedNames->all());

// 結果:
//array:3 [▼ 
//  0 => array:2 [▼
//    "name" => "JOHN"
//    "age" => 30
//  ]
//  1 => array:2 [▼
//    "name" => "JANE"
//    "age" => 25
//  ]
//  2 => array:2 [▼
//    "name" => "DOE"
//    "age" => 30
//  ]
//]

mapWithKeys

mapWitKeysメソッドは、クロージャを利用して各要素のキーと値を整形します。

$people = collect([
    ['name' => 'John', 'age' => 30],
    ['name' => 'Jane', 'age' => 25],
    ['name' => 'Doe', 'age' => 30],
]);

// 名前をキー、年齢を値とする連想配列を作成
$keyedData = $people->mapWithKeys(function ($person) {
    return [$person['name'] => $person['age']];
});

dd($keyedData->all());

// 結果:
//array:3 [▼ 
//  "John" => 30
//  "Jane" => 25
//  "Doe" => 30
//]

flatten

flattenメソッドは、どのような多次元の配列であればフラットな配列に整形します。

$nestedArray = collect([
    ['John', 'Jane', 'Doe', 'colors' => ['orange', 'black', 'white']],
    ['PHP', 'Laravel', 'JavaScript'],
    [30, 25, 30],
]);

// 多次元の配列をフラットな配列に変換
$flattenedArray = $nestedArray->flatten();
dd($flattenedArray->all());

// 結果:
//array:12 [▼ // app/Filament/Pages/Dashboard.php:33
//  0 => "John"
//  1 => "Jane"
//  2 => "Doe"
//  3 => "orange"
//  4 => "black"
//  5 => "white"
//  6 => "PHP"
//  7 => "Laravel"
//  8 => "JavaScript"
//  9 => 30
//  10 => 25
//  11 => 30
//]

flatMap

flatMapメソッドは、flattenメソッド と mapメソッド を合体させたようなメソッドで、
クロージャを利用して整形した要素を、フラットな配列に変換します。

$people = collect([
    ['name' => 'John', 'age' => 30],
    ['name' => 'Jane', 'age' => 25],
    ['name' => 'Doe', 'age' => 30],
]);

// 各人の年齢を2倍にして1つのコレクションにまとめる
$flatPeople = $people->flatMap(function ($person) {
    return [$person['name'], $person['age'] * 2];
});

dd($flatPeople->all());

// 結果: 
//array:6 [▼ // app/Filament/Pages/Dashboard.php:36
//  0 => "John"
//  1 => 60
//  2 => "Jane"
//  3 => 50
//  4 => "Doe"
//  5 => 60
//]

実際に書くようなコード

DevelopmentApprovalオブジェクトが羅列されている

$this->projects->flatMap(function(Development $development){
    return $development->developmentApprovals);
});

// DevelopmentApprovalモデルオブジェクトが羅列されている一次元配列が出来上がる
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