概要

Yoctoで、Zephyr のサンプル Hello Worldをqemu-cortex-m3の構成でビルド、QEMUで実行。
ビルド環境はとりあえず、Docker にて

環境

Host: Ubuntu 24.04 (x86_64)
- Docker version 28.3.2, build 578ccf6
- 作業フォルダ: /home/$USER/zephyr-yocto/

参考

https://wiki.yoctoproject.org/wiki/TipsAndTricks/BuildingZephyrImages

手順

作業フォルダの準備

# Workフォルダ作成
mkdir -p ~/zephyr-yocto/docker
cd $_

Dockerfile作成

# Dockerfile作成
cat << 'EOF' > Dockerfile
FROM ubuntu:24.04

ARG DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
ARG http_proxy
ARG ID_USER=1001
ARG ID_GROUP=1000
ARG ID_GROUP_NAME="build" 
#ARG GROUP_NAME=$(grep :1000: /etc/group | cut -d ':' -f 1) 
ARG GIT_USER_NAME=Build
ARG GIT_USER_EMAIL=build@example.com

RUN \
        apt-get update && \
        apt-get install -yq build-essential chrpath cpio debianutils \
                        diffstat file gawk gcc git iputils-ping libacl1 liblz4-tool \
                        locales python3 python3-git python3-jinja2 python3-pexpect python3-pip \
                        python3-subunit socat texinfo unzip wget xz-utils zstd \
                        ubuntu-server-minimal && \
                        rm -rf /var/lib/apt-lists/*

RUN sed -i -e 's/^GID_MAX.*/GID_MAX 400000000/g' -e 's/^UID_MAX.*/UID_MAX 400000000/g' /etc/login.defs

# Remove User `ubuntu` (Ubuntu 24.04 container)
RUN userdel -f ubuntu && groupadd ${ID_GROUP_NAME} -g ${ID_GROUP}
RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash -p build build -u ${ID_USER} -g ${ID_GROUP} && \
        usermod -aG sudo build && \
        echo "build:build" | chpasswd && \
        echo -e "build ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" > /etc/sudoers.d/build

RUN echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" > /etc/locale.gen && \
    locale-gen

ENV LANG=en_US.utf8

USER build
WORKDIR /home/build
RUN git config --global user.email "${GIT_USER_EMAIL}" && git config --global user.name "${GIT_USER_NAME}"
EOF

Docker build

docker build   --no-cache --build-arg ID_USER=$(id -u)   --build-arg ID_GROUP=$(id -g)   --build-arg GIT_USER_NAME="\"$(git config user.name)\""   --build-arg GIT_USER_EMAIL="$(git config user.email)"   -t yoctocontainer .


# apt cacherとかいれてたら、http_proxyを設定すると良い
# docker build   --no-cache   --build-arg http_proxy=http://10.0.0.10:3142   --build-arg ID_USER=$(id -u)   --build-arg ID_GROUP=$(id -g)   --build-arg GIT_USER_NAME="\"$(git config user.name)\""   --build-arg GIT_USER_EMAIL="$(git config user.email)"   -t yoctocontainer .

docker run

# 作業フォルダに移動して
cd ~/zephyr-yocto
# 
docker run --user $(id -u):$(id -g) --device=/dev/kvm:/devb/kvm --device=/dev/net/tun:/dev/net/tun -e MACHINE=qemu-cortex-m3 -e  DISTRO="zephyr" -p 1234:1234 --cap-add NET_ADMIN --hostname buildserver -it --rm -v `pwd`:/home/build/workdir -e WORKDIR=/home/build/workdir -w /home/build/workdir yoctocontainer

--- Docker yoctocontainerコンテナ内にて ---

環境設定(source poky/oe-init-build-env)

初回時実行

export MACHINE=qemu-cortex-m3
export DISTRO="zephyr"
#branch=scarthgap #5.0.x
branch=walnascar #5.2.x python 3.10+ g++Ver.10+

mkdir ${DISTRO}-${branch}
cd ${DISTRO}-${branch}

git clone -b ${branch} --recursive --depth 1 https://git.yoctoproject.org/meta-zephyr/ && \
git clone -b ${branch} --recursive --depth 1 https://git.yoctoproject.org/poky && \
git clone -b ${branch} --recursive --depth 1 https://git.openembedded.org/meta-openembedded

source poky/oe-init-build-env

bitbake-layers add-layer ../meta-openembedded/meta-oe
bitbake-layers add-layer ../meta-openembedded/meta-python
bitbake-layers add-layer ../meta-zephyr/meta-zephyr-core
bitbake-layers add-layer ../meta-zephyr/meta-zephyr-bsp

mkdir -p ../{downloads,sstate-cache}
ln -sf ../downloads .
ln -sf ../sstate-cache/ .

２回目以降

    export MACHINE=qemu-cortex-m3
    export DISTRO="zephyr"
    #branch=scarthgap #5.0.x
    branch=walnascar #5.2.x python 3.10+ g++Ver.10+

    cd ${DISTRO}-${branch}

    source poky/oe-init-build-env

ビルド

# helloworld sample
bitbake zephyr-helloworld

# philosophers sample
# bitbake zephyr-philosophers

QEMUにて、実行
- CTRL-a + x にて、QEMU終了
```
runqemu qemuparams='-serial mon:stdio'
```

実行例

bitbake zephyr-helloworld

build@buildserver:~/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build$ time bitbake zephyr-helloworld
Loading cache: 100% |###########################################| Time: 0:00:02
Loaded 4569 entries from dependency cache.
NOTE: Resolving any missing task queue dependencies

Build Configuration:
BB_VERSION           = "2.12.0"
BUILD_SYS            = "x86_64-linux"
NATIVELSBSTRING      = "universal"
TARGET_SYS           = "arm-yocto-eabi"
MACHINE              = "qemu-cortex-m3"
DISTRO               = "zephyr"
DISTRO_VERSION       = "1.0"
TUNE_FEATURES        = "armv7m cortexm3"
TARGET_FPU           = "soft"
meta
meta-poky
meta-yocto-bsp       = "walnascar:41038342a471b4a8884548568ad147a1704253a3"
meta-oe
meta-python          = "walnascar:c009244a045923a9dfc32d7f2996cb61629870f6"
meta-zephyr-core
meta-zephyr-bsp      = "walnascar:3617fcdfd0f232dcaff4a153e667c26445b2077c"

...
...
real    49m26.382s
user    0m38.956s
sys     0m3.261s
build@buildserver:~/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build$ cat /proc/cpuinfo  | grep 'model name'| sort -u
model name      : 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-1155G7 @ 2.50GHz
build@buildserver:~/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build$

runqemu qemuparams='-serial mon:stdio

ctrl-a + xにて、QEMU: Terminated

build@buildserver:~/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build$ runqemu qemuparams='-serial mon:stdio'
runqemu - INFO - Running MACHINE=qemu-cortex-m3 bitbake -e  ...
runqemu - INFO - Continuing with the following parameters:
KERNEL: [/home/build/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build/tmp/deploy/images/qemu-cortex-m3/zephyr-helloworld.elf]
MACHINE: [qemu-cortex-m3]
FSTYPE: [elf]
ROOTFS: [/home/build/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build/tmp/deploy/images/qemu-cortex-m3/zephyr-helloworld-image-qemu-cortex-m3.elf]
CONFFILE: [/home/build/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build/tmp/deploy/images/qemu-cortex-m3/zephyr-helloworld-image-qemu-cortex-m3-20250714212511.qemuboot.conf]

runqemu - INFO - Running /home/build/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build/tmp/work/x86_64-linux/qemu-helper-native/1.0/recipe-sysroot-native/usr/bin/qemu-system-arm -nic none   -icount shift=6,align=off,sleep=off -rtc clock=vm  -machine lm3s6965evb -cpu cortex-m3  -m 256  -serial mon:stdio -serial null -serial mon:vc -display sdl,show-cursor=on -nographic -vga none -kernel /home/build/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build/tmp/deploy/images/qemu-cortex-m3/zephyr-helloworld.elf -append '  mem=256M swiotlb=0 '

runqemu - INFO - Host uptime: 530480.25

*** Booting Zephyr OS build v4.1.0 ***
Hello World! qemu_cortex_m3/ti_lm3s6965
QEMU: Terminated
runqemu - INFO - Cleaning up
runqemu - INFO - Host uptime: 530482.22

build@buildserver:~/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build$

TODO?

ユーザプログラムの追加方法

デバッグ (gdb)

gdb-multiarch

gdb-multiarch ./tmp/deploy/images/qemu-cortex-m3/zephyr-helloworld-image-qemu-cortex-m3.elf`
# on GDB
set substitute-path /home/build/workdir/zephyr-walnascar/build /home/mt08/zephyr-yocto/zephyr-walnascar/build
target remote :1234
b main
c