reTerminalでカードリーダーを使ったタイムレコーダーを実装する

enebularで簡単にタイムレコーダーを実装

会社での勤怠管理や社内イベントの入退場管理で人の流れをデータで見える化することは、労働時間順守や効率的なイベント運営など役立つことが多いでしょう。
そこで会社のIDカードをカードリーダーで読み取ってデータを記録するタイムレコーダーを使ってみましょう！と言っても、IDカードを使うタイムレコーダーはなかなか高額なので、このために複数台用意するとなると効率が悪い気がしますよね。

なので、今回はenebularのエージェント実行環境とreTerminal(Rasberry Pi 4)を使って、カードリーダーにIDカードをタッチすることで、カードの情報とタイムスタンプをGoogle スプレッドシートに記録するタイムレコーダーを実装します。

reTerminalであれば比較的安価ですし、別の用途でも利用できます！加えて、enebularのエージェント実行環境を使えば、無料アカウントでも遠隔でデバイスへのフローのデプロイやログの確認、メンテナンスが可能です！
enebularのエージェント実行環境の利用方法については、enebularのドキュメントを参照ください。

事前準備

では本題の実装にはいります。今回はreTerminal（Raspberry Pi）にインストールしたenebularのエージェント実行環境でフローを動作させるので、まずは以下のものを用意してください。

• reTerminal
  • Raspberry Pi Compute Module 4
  • OS：Raspbian GNU/Linux 11 (bullseye)
• ACアダプター
  • DC5V 3A以上推奨（USB Type-Cコネクタから給電）
• カードリーダー
  • RC-S380
• IDカード
  • MIFARE
• enebularアカウント
• Googleアカウント

Google スプレッドシートの準備

今回はNode-REDのG SheetノードでGoogle スプレッドシートの読み書きをするため、enebular blogを参照して、Google スプレッドシート APIを利用するための設定をしてください。
さらに、利用するスプレッドシートに以下の2つのシートを作成してください。

• カードから読み取った情報の書き込みを行うシート
  • 名称：TimeRecorder
• カードのIDと社員名の対応関係のシート
  • 名称：IdList

カードのIDと社員名の対応関係のシートは画像のように2行目以降のA列に社員名、B列にカードのIDを入力します。

enebular側の設定

今回は以下のフローをエージェント実行環境で動作させます。

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本フローの動作には、nfc-id-readerノードのインポート、G Sheetノードのインストールと設定、環境変数の設定が必要です。
G Sheetノードの設定は、enebular blogを参照ください。

環境変数の設定

エージェント実行環境をreTerminalにインストールした後、エージェント実行環境の設定で以下の2つの環境変数を追加してください。

• カードのIDと名前の対応関係のスプレッドシートの範囲の設定
  • キー：CELLS_RANGE
  • 値：対応関係のスプレッドシートの範囲（例：IdList!A2:B50）
• 利用するスプレッドシートIDの設定
  • キー：SPREAD_SHEET_ID
  • 値：スプレッドシートID
    https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/*****スプレッドシートID*****/edit#gid=0

nfc-id-readerノードのインポート

本フローでカードリーダーを利用するためのnfc-id-readerノードをインポートします。
nfc-id-readerノードを利用する際に、Python3の環境と必要なPythonモジュールのインストール、設定が必要になります。Raspberry Piで以下のコマンドを実行して、「Sony Corp.」という表示左の4文字のデバイス番号を確認します。

$ lsusb

次に以下のコマンドを実行します。

$ pip3 install nfcpy
$ cat << EOF | sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/nfcdev.rules
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="054c", ATTRS{idProduct}=="確認したデバイス番号", GROUP="plugdev"
EOF
$ reboot

最後に、フローをreTerminalにインストールしたエージェント実行環境にデプロイすれば準備完了です。

動作確認

reTerminalを起動すると、以下のような待機画面表示になります。

IDカードをカードリーダーにタッチすると、「OK!」とカードの情報が表示されます。少しすると、待機画面に戻ります。

スプレッドシートを確認すると、以下のようにIDとそれに対応する社員名、タイムスタンプが記録されました。

まとめ

enebularとreTerminalを使って、タイムレコーダーを実装できました。
今回はreTerminalを使うことを前提にフローを作成しましたが、少し編集すれば通常のRaspberry Piでも利用できます。
記録する項目を追加したり、タッチすると音が鳴るようにするなど自由に作り変えてみてはください。