Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.が解決できない。

bundle install　をするとエラーがでる。

ターミナルの内容はこちら

Fetching msgpack 1.2.9
Installing msgpack 1.2.9 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/msgpack-1.2.9/ext/msgpack
/Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20190318-3361-1d5xqm2.rb extconf.rb
checking for ruby/st.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
	--with-opt-dir
	--without-opt-dir
	--with-opt-include
	--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
	--with-opt-lib
	--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
	--with-make-prog
	--without-make-prog
	--srcdir=.
	--curdir
	--ruby=/Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
/Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:456:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:590:in `try_cpp'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:1097:in `block in have_header'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:947:in `block in checking_for'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:350:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:320:in `open'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:350:in `block in postpone'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:320:in `open'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:346:in `postpone'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:946:in `checking_for'
	from /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/2.5.0/mkmf.rb:1096:in `have_header'
	from extconf.rb:3:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-15/2.5.0-static/msgpack-1.2.9/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/gems/msgpack-1.2.9 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/tech-camp/.rbenv/versions/2.5.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.5.0/extensions/x86_64-darwin-15/2.5.0-static/msgpack-1.2.9/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing msgpack (1.2.9), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install msgpack -v '1.2.9' --source 'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  bootsnap was resolved to 1.4.1, which depends on
    msgpack

解決方法

エラーの起こっているディテクトリで以下のコマンドを実行

xcode-select --install

これを実行するとインストール画面がでるので、インストールし再度,bundle installすると無事インストール完了

• 参考記事　：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22544754/failed-to-build-gem-native-extension-installing-compass

疑問点

• xcodeって？
• msgpackではなく、bootsnapが原因だった？
• そもそも上記２つってなに？