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Rails 5.2 Grapeを利用したAPI作成、Swaggerでの確認

Last updated at Posted at 2019-01-26

RoRでのAPI作成メモ 

バージョンによって微妙にやり方が違うので、、、

プロジェクト作成

$ mkdir api_sample
$ cd api_sample
$ bundle init

Gemfile編集

# frozen_string_literal: true

source "https://rubygems.org"

git_source(:github) {|repo_name| "https://github.com/#{repo_name}" }

gem 'rails', '~> 5.2.2'

インストール

$ bundle install --path vendor/bundle
$ bundle exec rails new . -d mysql

Gemfileに追加

# API
gem 'grape', '1.2.3'
gem 'hashie-forbidden_attributes', '0.1.1'
gem 'grape-jbuilder', '0.2.0'
gem 'grape_on_rails_routes', '0.3.2'
gem 'swagger-ui_rails', '0.1.7'
gem 'grape-swagger', '0.32.1'
gem 'grape-swagger-rails', '0.3.0'

もう一度 bundle install を実行してエラーがないことを確認する

モデルクラス準備、データ投入

$ bin/rails g model Task name:string description:string

db/seed.rb

seed.rb
Task.create(name: 'タスク1', description: 'サンプルタスク1')
Task.create(name: 'タスク2', description: 'サンプルタスク2')
Task.create(name: 'タスク3', description: 'サンプルタスク3')
$ bundle exec rake db:create
$ bundle exec rake db:migrate
$ bundle exec rake db:seed

GrapeによるAPI作成

ルーティング

http://localhost:3000/api/v1/tasks/displays とかでアクセスしたいので各種設定

config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  mount Versions::V1::API => '/'
  mount GrapeSwaggerRails::Engine => '/api/swagger'
end

APIディレクトリの作成

プロジェクト直下に api フォルダを作成してそこにAPIのプログラムを配置するために for Grape 以下の記述を追加

config/application.rb
require_relative 'boot'

require 'rails/all'

# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)

module ApiSample
  class Application < Rails::Application
    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
    config.load_defaults 5.2

    # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
    # Application configuration can go into files in config/initializers
    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded after loading
    # the framework and any gems in your application.

    # For Grape
    config.paths.add File.join('app', 'api'), glob: File.join('**', '*.rb')
    config.autoload_paths += Dir[Rails.root.join('app', 'api', '*')]
    config.middleware.use(Rack::Config) do |env|
      env['api.tilt.root'] = Rails.root.join 'app', 'views', 'api'
    end
  end
end
$ mkdir app/api
$ mkdir app/api/versions
$ mkdir app/api/versions/v1

API作成

大元にこういうのを作成してその中でエンドポイント単位のモジュールをincludeするのが管理しやすい
/api/vi/〜のパスにするために内部でこんな風に記述
テンプレートはJbuilderを指定

app/api/versions/v1/api.rb
module Versions
  module V1
    class API < Grape::API
      version 'v1', using: :path
      format :json
      formatter :json, Grape::Formatter::Jbuilder
      prefix :api

      include ::Versions::V1::TaskDisplays

      # :nocov:
      if Rails.env.development? 
        add_swagger_documentation add_version: true
      end
      # :nocov:
    end
  end
end

各APIのコードはこんな感じ。 命名規則に注意。

app/api/versions/v1/task_displays.rb
module Versions
  module V1
    module TaskDisplays
      extend ActiveSupport::Concern
      included do
        namespace :tasks do
          namespace :displays do
            desc 'タスク一覧を取得する'
            get '', jbuilder: 'v1/task_displays/index' do
              @tasks = Task.all
            end
          end
        end
      end
    end
  end
end

テンプレードはこんな感じ

app/views/api/v1/task_displays/index.jbuilder
json.tasks @tasks do |task|
   json.(task, :id, :name, :description)
end

swagger設定ファイル

config/initializers/grape_swagger_rails.rb
unless Rails.env.production?
  GrapeSwaggerRails.options.app_name = 'Grape API Sample'
  GrapeSwaggerRails.options.app_url  = '/'
  GrapeSwaggerRails.options.url = 'api/v1/swagger_doc.json'
end

確認

railsを起動してブラウザで確認

bin/rails s

API

http://localhost:3000/api/v1/tasks/displays
1.png

swagger

http://localhost:3000/api/swagger
スクリーンショット 2019-01-26 21.30.59.png

サンプル

サンプルコード

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