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【Rails】enum 使う時はprefixを使いましょう

Last updated at Posted at 2023-12-24

はじめに

enumを使う時はprefixを使いましょう、という提案です。

なぜprefixを使うと良いのか

1.可読性が上がる2.拡張性が高くなるからです。

可読性が上がる

class Article < ApplicationRecord
  belongs_to :user
  enum :status, { unsaved: 10, draft: 20, published: 30 }, _prefix: status
end

_prefixがない場合も一見わかりやすいですが、個人的には_prefixを付与することで、モデルこのカラムこのステータスの状況が一目でわかりやすくなります。

_prefixがない場合
[3] pry(main)> article.published?
=> true
[4] pry(main)> article.draft?
=> false
[5] pry(main)> article.unsaved?
=> false
class Article < ApplicationRecord
  belongs_to :user
  enum :status, { unsaved: 10, draft: 20, published: 30 }, prefix: status
end
_prefixがある場合
[3] pry(main)> article.status_published?
=> true
[4] pry(main)> article.status_draft?
=> false
[5] pry(main)> article.status_unsaved?
=> false

拡張性が高くなる

例えば、同じようなステータスがある場合、重複によりエラーが出てしまいます。

class Conversation < ActiveRecord::Base
  enum status: { active: 0, archived: 10 }
  enum comments_status: { active: 0  inactive: 10 }
end
irb(main):004:0> c = Conversation.find(1)
ArgumentError (You tried to define an enum named "comments_status" on the model "Conversa

このような時も、あらかじめprefixを設定しておけば重複せずに管理することができます。

class Conversation < ActiveRecord::Base
  enum status: [:active, :archived], prefix: true
  enum comments_status: [:active, :inactive], prefix: true
end
[3] pry(main)> conversation.status_active? 
=> true

[5] pry(main)> conversation.comments_status_active? 
=> true
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