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Python ブール演算の戻り値はbool型とは限らない

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Pythonでブール演算を行えるのはbool型だけではなく、戻り値もbool型とは限らない。

オブジェクトの真理値を確認するにはbool()


>>> bool(123)
True
>>> bool([1,2,3])
True
>>> bool('abc')
True
>>> bool({'a':1, 'b':2, 'c':3})
True
>>> bool((1,2,3))
True

>>> bool(0)
False
>>> bool([])
False
>>> bool('')
False
>>> bool({})
False
>>> bool(())
False
>>> bool(None)
False

and

左オブジェクトの真理値が真なら右オブジェクトを返す:


>>> True and True
True
>>> [1,2,3] and 'abc'
'abc'
>>> 'abc' and [1,2,3]
[1, 2, 3]

>>> True and False
False
>>> [1,2,3] and ''
''
>>> 'abc' and []
[]

左オブジェクトの真理値が偽なら左オブジェクトを返す:


>>> False and True
False
>>> [] and 'abc'
[]
>>> '' and [1,2,3]
''

>>> False and False
False
>>> [] and ''
[]
>>> '' and []
''

or

左オブジェクトの真理値が真なら左オブジェクトを返す:

>>> True or True
True
>>> [1,2,3] or 'abc'
[1, 2, 3]
>>> 'abc' or [1,2,3]
'abc'

>>> True or False
True
>>> [1,2,3] or ''
[1, 2, 3]
>>> 'abc' or []
'abc'

左オブジェクトの真理値が偽なら右オブジェクトを返す:

>>> False or True
True
>>> [] or 'abc'
'abc'
>>> '' or [1,2,3]
[1, 2, 3]

>>> False or False
False
>>> [] or ''
''
>>> '' or []
[]

not

bool型しか返さない。
オブジェクトの真理値が真ならFalse:


>>> not True
False
>>> not [1,2,3]
False
>>> not 'abc'
False

オブジェクトの真理値が偽ならTrue:


>>> not False
True
>>> not []
True
>>> not ''
True
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