Nginx から、Node.js のサーバーにリバースプロキシーで接続

Node.js のプログラム

/usr/local/server/server.js

const http = require('http');

const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.writeHead(200, {
    'Content-Type': 'text/plain'
  });

  res.end('hello world.\n');
});

server.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Server running on port 3000');
});

動作確認

Node.js サーバーの起動

$ node server.js 
Server running on port 3000

curl で接続

$ curl http://localhost:3000
hello world.

Httpie で接続

http http://localhost:3000

Systemd で起動する

設定ファイル

/etc/systemd/system/node-hello.service

[Unit]
Description=Node Hello Server
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/node /usr/local/server/server.js
Restart=always
User=www-data
Environment=NODE_ENV=production

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

起動

sudo systemctl start node-hello

確認

$ sudo systemctl status node-hello
● node-hello.service - Node Hello Server
     Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/node-hello.service; disabled; preset: >
     Active: active (running) since Fri 2026-05-22 15:37:39 JST; 25s ago

Nginx の設定

/etc/nginx/sites-available/default

（省略）
location /node { 
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;

        proxy_http_version 1.1;

        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
    }

（省略）

Nginx の設定ファイルの確認

sudo nginx -t

再起動

sudo systemctl restart nginx

接続確認

Curl

$ curl http://localhost/node
hello world.

Httpie

$ http http://localhost/node
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Date: Fri, 22 May 2026 06:42:41 GMT
Server: nginx/1.28.3 (Ubuntu)
Transfer-Encoding: chunked

hello world.