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#2:CML無償版でVRF学んでみる(インスタンス作成~ospf設定)

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はじめに

CCNP ENCOR勉強中に、VRFの学習環境をCMLで構築したので備忘録として残しておきます。

今回は5台X型構成で、VRFで分離し、OSPFで動的ルーティングを組んでみました。

検証内容

  • X型構成でのVRF設計
  • VRF別OSPF設定(プロセスID分離)
  • 同一IPアドレスでのOSPF動作確認
  • VRF間の完全分離検証

環境

今回の検証環境

  • Cisco Modeling Labs (CML-Free)
  • IOL (IOS on Linux) ルータ × 5台

学習範囲:
CCNP ENCOR 2.2.a VRFの基本動作確認

構成

image.png

設定手順

R1(VRF-A-1)設定

configure terminal
hostname R1-VRFA-1

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-A to R2

interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-A

interface Loopback1
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-A

router ospf 100
 network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R2(VRF境界ルータ)設定

configure terminal
hostname R2-DUAL-ACCESS

ip vrf VRF-A
 rd 100:1
 description VRF-A-Department

ip vrf VRF-B
 rd 200:1
 description VRF-B-Department

interface Ethernet0/0
 description VRF-A to R1
 ip vrf forwarding VRF-A
 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0

interface Ethernet0/1
 description VRF-A to R3
 ip vrf forwarding VRF-A
 ip address 192.168.11.2 255.255.255.0

interface Ethernet0/2
 description VRF-B to R4
 ip vrf forwarding VRF-B
 ip address 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0

interface Ethernet0/3
 description VRF-B to R5
 ip vrf forwarding VRF-B
 ip address 192.168.11.2 255.255.255.0

router ospf 100 vrf VRF-A
 network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
router ospf 200 vrf VRF-B
 network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R3(VRF-A-2)設定

configure terminal
hostname R3-VRFA-2

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.11.20 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-A to R2

interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.2.1.1 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-A

interface Loopback1
 ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-A

router ospf 100
 network 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R4(VRF-B-1)設定

configure terminal
hostname R4-VRFB-1

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.10.10 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-B to R2

interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-B

interface Loopback1
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-B

router ospf 200
 network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

R5(VRF-B-2)設定

configure terminal
hostname R5-VRFB-2

interface Ethernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.11.20 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-B to R2

interface Loopback0
 ip address 10.2.1.1 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-B

interface Loopback1
 ip address 10.2.2.1 255.255.255.0
 description VRF-B

router ospf 200
 network 192.168.11.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.2.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
 network 10.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

VRF設定確認

image.png

OSPFプロセスとVRFの紐づけ、OSPFネイバー確認:

OSPF 100
VRF-A
image.png

OSPF 200
VRF-B
image.png

OSPFプロセスごとのネイバー確認

image.png

R2からのVRF指定ping

ping vrf VRF-A 192.168.10.10
ping vrf VRF-A 10.1.1.1
ping vrf VRF-A 10.1.2.1
ping vrf VRF-A 192.168.11.20
ping vrf VRF-A 10.2.1.1
ping vrf VRF-A 10.2.2.1

ping vrf VRF-B 192.168.10.10
ping vrf VRF-B 10.1.1.1
ping vrf VRF-B 10.1.2.1
ping vrf VRF-B 192.168.11.20
ping vrf VRF-B 10.2.1.1
ping vrf VRF-B 10.2.2.1

ping確認の結果(一部):

image.png

ARPテーブルで、VRF設定確認

image.png

まとめ

X型構成でのVRF学習:

・複数拠点:VRF-A・VRF-BそれぞれにVRF-A-1、VRF-A-2とVRF-B-1、VRF-B-2を配置
・VRF境界:R2が両VRFを持つ境界ルータ
・IPアドレス重複:同一IPアドレスでも論理的に分離
・OSPFによる動的ルーティング:VRF別のOSPFプロセスで経路学習

各VRFで設定確認はとれたのですが、VRF間の経路交換方法であるルートリークについても、CMLで試してみようかと。

ただ、ENCORの範囲としては、ルートリークまで見なくてもよさそうっぽく、ENARSIの範囲では(MPLS VPN+BGPのroute-target)が出てくるので、そこに向けて理解を深めたいな、と。

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