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RecordをbuildしようとしたらNoMethodErrorで怒られた人へ

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TL;DR

has_one 関連のモデルに対しては build は使えないので build_xxx を使う。

実例

Rails 4.2にて

shop.rb
class Shop < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_one  :owner
  has_many :products
end
[1] pry(main)> shop = Shop.last
[2] pry(main)> shop.products.build
=> #<Product:0x007fbc9a1468e8 id: nil, name: nil, price: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>
[3] pry(main)> shop.owner.build
NoMethodError: undefined method 'build' for nil:NilClass
[4] pry(main)> shop.build_owner
=> #<Owner:0x007fbc7a8da840 id: nil, name: nil, created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

原因

has_many 関連のModelに対してRecordを呼び出した場合、Recordがなくても、空の ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy が返る。そこには build が定義されている。(http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveRecord/Associations/CollectionProxy.html#method-i-build)
しかし、 has_one 関連のModelに対してRecordを呼び出した場合、Recordがないと返ってくるのは nil であり、当然 build の定義はない。

[8] pry(main)> shop.products
=> []
[9] pry(main)> shop.products.class
=> Product::ActiveRecord_Associations_CollectionProxy
[10] pry(main)> shop.owner
=> nil

一回通った方法を機械的にリピートしてると思わぬところでコケたりするんだなぁ。

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