１．Introduction

The procedure to install Ubuntu 18.04 aarch64 (64bit) on RaspberryPi3 is described below.

２．Environment

Ubuntu 16.04 x86_64
RaspberryPi3 model B+ (Ubuntu 18.04 aarch64 / Python 3.6)
microSD card 32GB

３．Procedure

Ubuntu_18.04_image_download

$ curl -sc /tmp/cookie "https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1SyfrRqX-6KF_KxD4PBVQLT35tgI8Sf58" > /dev/null
$ CODE="$(awk '/_warning_/ {print $NF}' /tmp/cookie)"
$ curl -Lb /tmp/cookie "https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&confirm=${CODE}&id=1SyfrRqX-6KF_KxD4PBVQLT35tgI8Sf58" -o ubuntu-18.04.3-preinstalled-server-arm64+raspi3.img.xz
$ xz -dv ubuntu-18.04.3-preinstalled-server-arm64+raspi3.img.xz

Download_"Etcher"_image_writing_tool

$ curl -sc /tmp/cookie "https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1kH4wZiI2rFHhnDXomMJU-dgZwLw2koPQ" > /dev/null
$ CODE="$(awk '/_warning_/ {print $NF}' /tmp/cookie)"
$ curl -Lb /tmp/cookie "https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&confirm=${CODE}&id=1kH4wZiI2rFHhnDXomMJU-dgZwLw2koPQ" -o balenaEtcher-1.5.57-x64.AppImage

Insert microSD card into SD card reader/writer.

Starting_"Etcher"

$ sudo ./balenaEtcher-1.5.57-x64.AppImage

Insert the microSD card into RaspberryPi and turn on the power.　The initial login ID and password is ubuntu / ubuntu.

Package_updates

$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get upgrade

Check_OS_information

$ uname -a
$ cat /etc/lsb-release

Check_resource_usage

$ df -h
$ free

Change_time_zone

$ sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo

Switch_to_Japanese_keyboard

$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

４．Optional work

４−１．Preparing the development environment with Python

$ sudo apt-get install wget curl git zip unzip python3-pil python3-opencv python3-pip
$ sudo -H pip3 install pip --upgrade

### numpy fast install
$ curl -sc /tmp/cookie "https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&id=1gRYmhL-mLlA-oLBvhJvzX2pj6tz0nP8y" > /dev/null
$ CODE="$(awk '/_warning_/ {print $NF}' /tmp/cookie)"
$ curl -Lb /tmp/cookie "https://drive.google.com/uc?export=download&confirm=${CODE}&id=1gRYmhL-mLlA-oLBvhJvzX2pj6tz0nP8y" -o numpy-1.17.2-cp36-cp36m-linux_aarch64.whl
$ sudo -H pip3 install numpy-1.17.2-cp36-cp36m-linux_aarch64.whl
$ rm numpy-1.17.2-cp36-cp36m-linux_aarch64.whl

４−２．Install a lightweight Xubuntu desktop GUI environment

Install_Xubuntu_(GUI)

$ sudo apt install tasksel
$ sudo tasksel install xubuntu-desktop
$ sudo reboot

４−３．Expansion of swap area

Setting_swap_space

$ sudo apt-get install -y dphys-swapfile
$ sudo nano /etc/dphys-swapfile

CONF_SWAPSIZE=2048

Ctrl + O
Ctrl + X

Restart_service

$ sudo /etc/init.d/dphys-swapfile restart swapon -s
$ free -h
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           912M        362M         89M        7.3M        460M        527M
Swap:          2.0G          0B        2.0G

４−４．Wi-Fi settings

$ nano /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml

network:
    version: 2
    ethernets:
        eth0:
            dhcp4: true
            match:
                macaddress: <MAC address>
            set-name: eth0
    wifis:
        wlan0:
            access-points:
                <SSID>:
                    password: <Passphrase>
            dhcp4: true
            dhcp6: true