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Pythonで引数のデフォルト値として関数呼び出しをするときの注意

Last updated at Posted at 2022-01-05

先に結論

関数を定義した段階で、デフォルト引数で呼び出している関数の結果は確定する。

from time import time
from uuid import uuid4

def some_func(now=time(), uuid=uuid4()):
    print(now, uuid)


some_func()
some_func()
some_func()
some_func()

# >>> 1641341885.5043182 e5ffb9ca-e068-4810-bfa9-3c801734e2b0
# >>> 1641341885.5043182 e5ffb9ca-e068-4810-bfa9-3c801734e2b0
# >>> 1641341885.5043182 e5ffb9ca-e068-4810-bfa9-3c801734e2b0
# >>> 1641341885.5043182 e5ffb9ca-e068-4810-bfa9-3c801734e2b0

実際に自分が起こした問題。

ユーザーインスタンス作成時にuser_idの指定がない場合は新しくUUIDを発行したかった。

from uuid import uuid4

class User:
    def __init__(self, user_id=str(uuid4())) -> None:
        self.id = user_id 

for _ in range(5):
    user = User()
    print(user.id)
    
# >>> cdbb6136-2a78-46eb-912b-5518cd701345
# >>> cdbb6136-2a78-46eb-912b-5518cd701345
# >>> cdbb6136-2a78-46eb-912b-5518cd701345
# >>> cdbb6136-2a78-46eb-912b-5518cd701345
# >>> cdbb6136-2a78-46eb-912b-5518cd701345

参考

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