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日時の値について。どの型を使用するか? ISO 8601? Timestamp?

Last updated at Posted at 2023-11-18

目的

  • 日時の値について、以下どちら (または他) を使うかを決めたい。
    • ISO 8601 Date and time string (e.g. 2023-11-18T08:43:53+09:00)
    • UNIX Timestamp (e.g. 1700264648)

結論

Timestampを使用する。
理由は、パフォーマンスが ISO 8601 に比べて3倍ほど早いので

ISO 8601

Pros

  • ログやデバッガで見る時、人間が読みやすい

Cons

  • Timestamp より遅い
  • タイムゾーン情報を扱わねばならず、欠落せぬよう実装に注意が必要

Timestamp

Pros

Cons

パフォーマンス測定

以下の処理を ChatGPT 先生に相談してみた

  • 日時同士の比較
  • Date instance への変換

code

const measurePerformance = (operation, iterations = 10_000_000) => {
  const start = performance.now()
  for (let i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
    operation()
  }
  const end = performance.now()
  return end - start
}

// warm up
measurePerformance(() => new Date(), 1_000_000)

// test: comparison
{
  const performanceA = measurePerformance(() => "2023-11-18T08:43:53+09:00" < "2023-11-18T08:43:54+09:00")
  const performanceB = measurePerformance(() => 1700264648 < 1700264649)

  // result
  console.log("# Performance of ISO8601 comparison:")
  console.log(performanceA + " ms")

  console.log("# Performance of Timestamp comparison:")
  console.log(performanceB + " ms")
}

// test: convert to Date instance
{
  const performanceA = measurePerformance(() => new Date("2023-11-18T08:43:53+09:00"))
  const performanceB = measurePerformance(() => new Date(1700264648))

  // result
  console.log("# Performance of ISO8601 convert:")
  console.log(performanceA + " ms")

  console.log("# Performance of Timestamp convert:")
  console.log(performanceB + " ms")
}

結果例

  • MacBook pro M1 で実行した結果、Timestamp の方が 3 倍近く速い
# Performance of ISO8601 comparison:
102.27612501382828 ms
# Performance of Timestamp comparison:
37.01020801067352 ms

# Performance of ISO8601 convert:
1311.1170000135899 ms
# Performance of Timestamp convert:
357.1043750047684 ms
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