こちらの記事で、任意の場所にオブジェクトを飛ばすことができますが、同様に、角度と大きさを決めて落下地点を予測することができます

DrawParabolicLine.cs

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class DrawParabolicLine : MonoBehaviour {
    public Vector3 dir = new Vector3(10f, 10f, 10f);
    public Vector3 origin = Vector3.zero;
    public float calcTime = 5f;
    [SerializeField, Range(0.001f,0.5f)]public float timeScale = 0.1f;
	// Use this for initialization
	void Start () {
		
	}
	
	// Update is called once per frame
	void Update () {
        Vector3 pos = origin;
        Vector3 newPos = pos;
        float time = 0f;
        List<Vector3> posList = new List<Vector3>();
        while(time<calcTime){
            Vector3 dirXZ = new Vector3(dir.x, 0f, dir.z);
            // h=v0t+1/2*g*t^2
            float h = dir.y*time + 0.5f * Physics.gravity.y * time * time;
            newPos = origin + dirXZ * time + Vector3.up * h;
            posList.Add(newPos);
            Debug.DrawLine(pos, newPos, Color.yellow);
            pos = newPos;
            time += timeScale;
        }
	}
}