【Rails】[rails new ]で、エラーが発生したときの解決メモ

環境

Ubuntu 16.04.2 32bit
ruby 2.3.1-p112

エラーの内容

• rails new HelloWorld を実行したら、以下のエラーメッセージが出力された。

（中略）
Fetching sqlite3 1.3.13
Installing sqlite3 1.3.13 with native extensions
Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.
current directory:
/tmp/bundler20180925-5349-mge994sqlite3-1.3.13/gems/sqlite3-1.3.13/ext/sqlite3
/usr/bin/ruby2.3 -r ./siteconf20180925-5349-1r28bni.rb extconf.rb
checking for sqlite3.h... no
sqlite3.h is missing. Try 'brew install sqlite3',
'yum install sqlite-devel' or 'apt-get install libsqlite3-dev'
and check your shared library search path (the
location where your sqlite3 shared library is located).
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)2.3
    --with-sqlite3-config
    --without-sqlite3-config
    --with-pkg-config
    --without-pkg-config
    --with-sqlite3-dir
    --without-sqlite3-dir
    --with-sqlite3-include
    --without-sqlite3-include=${sqlite3-dir}/include
    --with-sqlite3-lib
    --without-sqlite3-lib=${sqlite3-dir}/lib

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can
be found here:

/tmp/bundler20180925-5349-mge994sqlite3-1.3.13/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/sqlite3-1.3.13/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in
/tmp/bundler20180925-5349-mge994sqlite3-1.3.13/gems/sqlite3-1.3.13 for
inspection.
Results logged to
/tmp/bundler20180925-5349-mge994sqlite3-1.3.13/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.3.0/sqlite3-1.3.13/gem_make.out

An error occurred while installing sqlite3 (1.3.13), and Bundler cannot
continue.
Make sure that `gem install sqlite3 -v '1.3.13' --source
'https://rubygems.org/'` succeeds before bundling.

In Gemfile:
  sqlite3
         run  bundle exec spring binstub --all
Could not find gem 'sqlite3' in any of the gem sources listed in your Gemfile.
Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.

• 以下のコマンドを実行して、sqlite3をインストールする

apt-get install libsqlite3-dev

• プロジェクトディレクトリが作成されるので、そこに移動して、プロジェクトを起動します。

cd HelloWorld
rails s

• エラーが発生せずに、起動できたようです。

=> Booting Puma
=> Rails 5.2.1 application starting in development 
=> Run `rails server -h` for more startup options
Puma starting in single mode...
* Version 3.12.0 (ruby 2.3.1-p112), codename: Llamas in Pajamas
* Min threads: 5, max threads: 5
* Environment: development
* Listening on tcp://0.0.0.0:3000
Use Ctrl-C to stop