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javascriptで外部モジュールのimportが出来ない

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エラー1

javacriptで外部モジュールをインポートする記述のあるsample.jsをコンパイルするとSyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a moduleというエラーが出ました。

sample.js
import { read, write } from './helper';
$ node sample.js
(node:40624) Warning: To load an ES module, set "type": "module" in the package.json or use the .mjs extension.
(Use `node --trace-warnings ...` to show where the warning was created)
/home/node/sample.js:1
import { read, write } from './helper';
^^^^^^

SyntaxError: Cannot use import statement outside a module
    at Object.compileFunction (node:vm:353:18)
    at wrapSafe (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1040:15)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1076:27)
    at Module._extensions..js (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1166:10)
    at Module.load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:988:32)
    at Module._load (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:834:12)
    at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (node:internal/modules/run_main:77:12)
    at node:internal/main/run_main_module:17:47

Node.js v18.4.0

エラーメッセージにES moduleをロードするにはpackage.jsonファイルに"type":"module"を設定するか、拡張子を.mjsにしなさいと書いてあります。拡張子を.mjsにするのは名前に違和感があったのでpackage.jsonを用意しました。

package.json
{
    "type": "module"
}

エラー2

コンパイルし直すと違うエラーがでました。拡張子も付けてないといけないようなので.jsを追加しました。

$ node sample.js read
node:internal/process/esm_loader:91
    internalBinding('errors').triggerUncaughtException(
                              ^

Error [ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND]: Cannot find module '/home/node/helper' imported from /home/node/sample.js
Did you mean to import ../helper.js?
    at new NodeError (node:internal/errors:388:5)
    at finalizeResolution (node:internal/modules/esm/resolve:405:11)
    at moduleResolve (node:internal/modules/esm/resolve:966:10)
    at defaultResolve (node:internal/modules/esm/resolve:1174:11)
    at ESMLoader.resolve (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:605:30)
    at ESMLoader.getModuleJob (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:318:18)
    at ModuleWrap.<anonymous> (node:internal/modules/esm/module_job:80:40)
    at link (node:internal/modules/esm/module_job:78:36) {
  code: 'ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND'
}

Node.js v18.4.0
sample.js
- import { read, write } from './helper';
+ import { read, write } from './helper.js';
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