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for文内でsetTimeoutを使う場合の変数のスコープ

Last updated at Posted at 2015-01-20

#期待通りの結果にならない例

var array = [1, 2, 3],
    len   = array.length,
    i;

for(i = 0; i < len; i++){
    console.log(i); //0,1,2
    setTimeout(function() {
        console.log(array[i]); //undefined×3  >このコンソールは全てarray[3]にアクセスしている
    }, i * 1000);
};
console.log(i); //3  >条件式で3回インクリされた状態で残る

#変数iをクロージャでキープすることで期待通りの結果に

var array = [1, 2, 3],
    len   = array.length,
    i;

for(i = 0; i < len; i++){
    console.log(i); //0,1,2
    (function(pram) {
        setTimeout(function() {
            console.log(array[pram]); //1,2,3
        }, pram * 1000);
    })(i);
};

#bindを使っても同じ結果が

var array = [1, 2, 3],
    len   = array.length,
    i;
for(i = 0; i < len; i++) {
    setTimeout(function(index) {
        console.log(array[index]);
    }.bind(null, i), i * 1000);
}
console.log(i);

#Underscore.jsのeachを使っても同じ結果が

var array = [1, 2, 3];

_.each(array, function(obj) {
  setTimeout(function() {
    console.log(obj);
  }, obj * 1000);
})
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