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RailsにJSONパラメータを送った際のwrap_parametersについて

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はじめに

Railsのwrap_parametersについてちょっと調べたのでメモ。

普通のパラメータ

Railsでは以下のようにパラメータを送ると、一塊のハッシュにしてくれる。
※paramsは正確にはハッシュのサブクラスらしいです

Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

user[id]: 1
user[name]: y-sugasawa
user[hobby_id][]: 100
user[hobby_id][]: 200
users_controller.rb
class UsersController < ApplicationController
  def index
    p params[:user] # {id: 1, name: "y-sugasawa", hobby_id: [100, 200]}
  end
end

wrap_parameters

パラメータがJSON形式の時は、パラメータのkeyから「user」の部分を取り除けます。
キーの「user」というのはcontrollerの名前から自動的に決定されます。

Content-Type: application/json
{
  "id": 1,
  "name": "y-sugasawa",
  "hobby_id": [100, 200]
}
users_controller.rb
class UsersController < ApplicationController
  def index
    p params[:user] # {id: 1, name: "y-sugasawa", hobby_id: [100, 200]}
  end
end

注意点

上記のjsonの例で、以下のようなUserモデルがあった場合

class CreateUsers < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :users do |t|
      t:string :name
      t.timestamp null: false
    end
  end
end

users_controllerは自動的にUserモデルのためのパラメータと解釈してUserモデルに存在しないカラムは除外されてしまう

users_controller.rb
class UsersController < ApplicationController
  def index
    p params[:user] # {id: 1, name: "y-sugasawa"}  hobby_idが除外されている
    p params[:hobby_id] # [100, 200]
  end
end

これを回避する場合は以下のように記述する

users_controller.rb
class UsersController < ApplicationController
  
  wrap_parameters :user, include: [:name, :hobby_id]

  def index
    p params[:user] # {id: 1, name: "y-sugasawa", hobby_id: [100, 200]}
  end
end
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