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ポートフォリオの収益率の分散の求め方 数式

Last updated at Posted at 2019-07-10

株式の計量分析入門 p.101 「ポートフォリオの収益率の分散」の理解した部分を共有したいと思います.

具体的には,以下の1つ目の式から2つ目の式への変形がわかりませんでした.

\begin{align}
\sigma^{2}_p &= E(R_p-E(R_p))^{2}\\
&=w^{2}_A\sigma^{2}_A+w^{2}_B\sigma^{2}_B+2w_Aw_B\sigma_{AB}
\end{align}

この変形について考えたいと思います.
ここで与えられている情報を整理します.

<ポートフォリオの期待収益率>

E(R_p) = w_AE(R_A)+w_BE(R_B)\\
w_A+w_B = 1
w_A,w_B:銘柄AとBの投資配分\\
R_A,R_B:銘柄AとBの収益率

<ポートフォリオの収益率の分散>

(証明)

\because
E(R_p) = w_AE(R_A)+w_BE(R_B)\\
\because
E(R_p^{2}) = w_A^{2}E(R_A^{2})+2w_Aw_BE(R_AR_B)+w_B^{2}E(R_B^{2})\\

\begin{align}
\sigma^{2}_p &= E(R_p-E(R_p))^{2}\\
&=E(R^{2}_p-2R_pE(R_p)+E(R_p)^2)\\
&=E(R^{2}_p)-2E(R_p)E(R_p)+E(Rp)^{2}\\
&=E(R_p^{2})-E(R_p)^{2}\\
&=w_A^{2}E(R_A^{2})+2w_Aw_BE(R_AR_B)+w_B^{2}E(R_B^{2})-(w_AE(R_A)+w_BE(R_B))^{2}\\
&=w_A^{2}E(R_A^{2})+2w_Aw_BE(R_AR_B)+w_B^{2}E(R_B^{2})-w_A^{2}(E(R_A))^{2}-2w_Aw_BE(R_A)E(R_B)-w_B^{2}(E(R_B))^{2}\\
&=w_A^{2}(E(R_A^{2})-(E(R_A))^{2})+2w_Aw_B(E(R_ARB)-E(R_A)E(R_B))+w_B^{2}(E(R_B^{2})-(E(R_B))^{2})\\
&=w_A^{2}\sigma_A^{2}+2w_Aw_B\sigma_{AB}+w_B^{2}\sigma_B^{2}

\end{align}

証明終わり

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