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LaravelでJSONリクエストを受け取る

Last updated at Posted at 2020-05-17

目次

Laravelの記事一覧は下記
PHPフレームワークLaravelの使い方

Laravelバージョン

動作確認はLaravel Framework 7.19.1で行っています

前提条件

eclipseでLaravel開発環境を構築する。デバッグでブレークポイントをつけて止める。(WindowsもVagrantもdockerも)
本記事は上記が完了している前提で書かれています
プロジェクトの作成もapacheの設定も上記で行っています

Controllerにメソッド追加

(1) /sample/app/Http/Controllers/SampleController.phpにrequestJson1メソッド、requestJson2メソッドを追記

    public function requestJson1(Request $request)
    {
        return view('sample.requestJson');
    }

    public function requestJson2(Request $request)
    {
        $data = [
            'a' => $request->input('a'),
            'b' => $request->input('b.bb'),
            'c' => $request->input('c')['cc']
        ];
        return $data;
    }

(2) /sample/routes/web.phpに下記を追記
Route::get('sample/request-json1', 'SampleController@requestJson1'); Route::post('sample/request-json2', 'SampleController@requestJson2');

viewの作成

/sample/resources/views/sample/requestJson.blade.phpファイル作成

requestJson.blade.php
<html>
    <head>
        <title>sample</title>
        <script type="text/javascript">
            function ajax(){

            	var form = document.getElementById("sampleForm");

            	var reqData = {"_token": null, "a": null, "b": {"bb": null}, "c": {"cc": null}};
            	reqData._token = form._token.value;
            	reqData.a = form.a.value;
            	reqData.b.bb = form.b.value;
            	reqData.c.cc = form.c.value;

            	var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
            	req.open(form.method, form.action);
            	req.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json; charset=utf-8');
            	req.responseType = 'json';
            	req.send(JSON.stringify(reqData));
            	req.onload = function () {
            		var json = req.response;
            		alert("a:" + json['a']  + "\n" + "b.bb:" + json['b']+ "\n" + "c.cc:" + json['c']);
            	}
            }
        </script>
    </head>
    <body>

        <form id="sampleForm" action="{{ url('sample/request-json2') }}" method="post"  onsubmit="ajax(); return false;">
            @csrf
            <input type="text" name="a" >
            <input type="text" name="b" >
            <input type="text" name="c" >
            <input type="submit" >
        </form>

    </body>
</html>

Laravelでjsonリクエストを受け取るようにするために
req.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json; charset=utf-8');
を書きました
LaravelのControllerクラスはjsonを受け取るからと言って特別な記載は要りません
Content-Typeヘッダプロパティにapplication/jsonが指定されていれば、inputメソッドで値を取得できます

動作確認

http://localhost/laravelSample/sample/request-json1

インプットフォームに値を適当に入力して送信ボタンをクリック
インプットフォームに入力した値がalertで表示された

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