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SwiftUIでViewのレイアウトを調整するStackについて調べて見ました

Posted at

SwiftUIの3つのView Layout

SwiftUIには3つのレイアウトを調整するStackView的なLayoutが存在する

  • HStack (X軸を基準として横並びにViewを並べるレイアウト)
  • VStack (Y軸を基準として縦並びにViewを並べるレイアウト)
  • ZStack (Z軸を基準として重ねてViewを載せるレイアウト)

発想がAndroidのUIに似ています。

HStackはLinearLayout(Horizontal)のそれに似ていますし、
VStackはLinearLayout(Vertical)に似ています。

ということはSwiftUIはコンポーネントの配置の方法はpaddingやmarginを設定して調整するものだろうと推測できます。

HStack (X軸を基準として横並びにViewを並べるレイアウト)

ContentView.swift
struct ContentView : View {
    var body: some View {
        HStack {
            ParentView()
            SubView()
        }
        .frame(width: 400, height: 200, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.yellow)
    }
}

struct ParentView: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("ParentView")
            .color(Color.white)
            .frame(width: 200, height: 200, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.red)

    }
}

struct SubView: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("SubView")
            .color(Color.orange)
            .frame(width: 200, height: 200, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.blue)
    }
}

Viewの見え方

スクリーンショット 2019-07-22 23.15.44.png

VStack (Y軸を基準として縦並びにViewを並べるレイアウト)

ContentView.swift
struct ContentView : View {
    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            ParentView()
            SubView()
        }
        .frame(width: 400, height: 200, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.yellow)
    }
}

struct ParentView: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("ParentView")
            .color(Color.white)
            .frame(width: 200, height: 200, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.red)
        
    }
}

struct SubView: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("SubView")
            .color(Color.orange)
            .frame(width: 200, height: 200, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.blue)
    }
}

Viewの見え方

スクリーンショット 2019-07-22 23.19.10.png

ZStack (Z軸を基準として重ねてViewを載せるレイアウト)

ContentView.swift
struct ContentView : View {
    var body: some View {
        ZStack {
            ParentView()
            SubView()
        }
        .frame(width: 300, height: 300, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.yellow)
    }
}

struct ParentView: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("ParentView")
            .color(Color.white)
            .frame(width: 200, height: 200, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.red)
    }
}

struct SubView: View {
    var body: some View {
        Text("SubView")
            .color(Color.orange)
            .frame(width: 100, height: 100, alignment: .center)
            .background(Color.blue)
    }
}

Viewの見え方

スクリーンショット 2019-07-22 23.25.57.png

参考ドキュメント

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