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C#でIMEの入力を受けるユーザーコントロールの作成

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時々作りたくなるのですが、毎回忘れて調べるのに苦労する、C#でIMEの入力を受けるコントロールの作り方メモです。

 class SpTextEditorComponent : System.Windows.Forms.UserControl
    {

        #region IME関係

        private const int WM_IME_COMPOSITION = 0x010F;
        private const int GCS_RESULTREADSTR = 0x0200;
        private const int WM_IME_STARTCOMPOSITION = 0x10D; // IME変換開始
        private const int WM_IME_ENDCOMPOSITION = 0x10E;   // IME変換終了
        private const int WM_IME_NOTIFY = 0x0282;
        private const int WM_IME_SETCONTEXT = 0x0281;

        public enum ImmAssociateContextExFlags : uint
        {
            IACE_CHILDREN = 0x0001,
            IACE_DEFAULT = 0x0010,
            IACE_IGNORENOCONTEXT = 0x0020
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct C_RECT
        {
            public int _Left;
            public int _Top;
            public int _Right;
            public int _Bottom;
        }

        [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
        public struct C_POINT
        {
            public int x;
            public int y;
        }

        const uint CFS_POINT = 0x0002;

        public struct COMPOSITIONFORM
        {
            public uint dwStyle;
            public C_POINT ptCurrentPos;
            public C_RECT rcArea;
        }

        [DllImport("Imm32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr ImmGetContext(IntPtr hWnd);
        [DllImport("Imm32.dll")]
        private static extern int ImmGetCompositionString(IntPtr hIMC, int dwIndex, StringBuilder lpBuf, int dwBufLen);
        [DllImport("Imm32.dll")]
        private static extern bool ImmReleaseContext(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hIMC);
        [DllImport("imm32.dll")]
        private static extern IntPtr ImmCreateContext();
        [DllImport("imm32.dll")]
        private static extern bool ImmAssociateContextEx(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hIMC, ImmAssociateContextExFlags dwFlags);
        [DllImport("imm32.dll")]
        public static extern int ImmSetCompositionWindow(IntPtr hIMC, ref COMPOSITIONFORM lpCompositionForm);

        IntPtr himc = IntPtr.Zero;


        private void InitializeComponent()
        {
            this.SuspendLayout();
        }

        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (himc != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                ImmReleaseContext(this.Handle, himc);
                himc = IntPtr.Zero;
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }

        ~SpTextEditorComponent()
        {
            if (himc != IntPtr.Zero)
            {
                ImmReleaseContext(this.Handle, himc);
                himc = IntPtr.Zero;
            }
        }


        protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
        {
            switch (m.Msg)
            {
                case WM_IME_SETCONTEXT:
                    {
                        //Imeを関連付ける
                        IntPtr himc = ImmCreateContext();
                        ImmAssociateContextEx(this.Handle, himc, ImmAssociateContextExFlags.IACE_DEFAULT);
                        base.WndProc(ref m);
                        break;
                    }
                case WM_IME_STARTCOMPOSITION:
                    {
                        //入力コンテキストにアクセスするためのお約束
                        IntPtr hImc = ImmGetContext(this.Handle);

                        //コンポジションウィンドウの位置を設定
                        COMPOSITIONFORM info = new COMPOSITIONFORM();
                        info.dwStyle = CFS_POINT;
                        info.ptCurrentPos.x = 10;
                        info.ptCurrentPos.y = 10;
                        ImmSetCompositionWindow(hImc, ref info);

                        //コンポジションウィンドウのフォントを設定
                        //ImmSetCompositionFont(hImc, m_Focus->GetFont()->GetInfoLog());

                        //入力コンテキストへのアクセスが終了したらロックを解除する
                        ImmReleaseContext(Handle, hImc);


                        base.WndProc(ref m);
                        break;
                    }
                default:
                    //IME以外のメッセージは元のプロシージャで処理
                    base.WndProc(ref m);
                    break;
            }
        }

        #endregion


        public SpTextEditorComponent()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
}

一部余分なコードや余分なインポートがありますが、ご勘弁を。
以下のことをしておけば最低限動くようです。

  • WndProcをオーバーライド
    • WM_IME_SETCONTEXT メッセージで
      • ImmCreateContext を呼んでコンテキストを作り、ImmAssociateContextEx でハンドルと結びつける
    • WM_IME_STARTCOMPOSITION メッセージで
      • ImmSetCompositionWindow を使い候補ウィンドウの位置を設定する
    • 解放のタイミング(Dispose?)で
      • ImmReleaseContext を呼んで解放

入力文字は、KeyPressイベントで一文字ずつ入ってきます。

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