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Railsで、同じFormで同じModelに対しての修正と登録を混在させる

Last updated at Posted at 2014-04-18

Railsで、同じFormで同じModelに対しての修正と登録を混在させる(一度のrequestでinsertとupdateを同時に行う)

既存データの一覧を表示し、まとめて編集できる表において、
行を追加して新規データも登録できるようなケースを想定します。

単純にsubmitすると次のエラーが発生します。

expected Hash (got Array) for param `samples'

これはParameterに対し、既存データはidをキーとしたハッシュで格納され、
新規データはidがないのでハッシュの配列で格納されるためです。

既存データ例:

"comments"=>{
  "1"=>{"id"=>"1", "title"=>"a", "content"=>"aa"}, 
  "2"=>{"id"=>"2", "title"=>"b", "content"=>"bb"}, 
  "3"=>{"id"=>"3", "title"=>"c", "content"=>"cc"}, 
  "4"=>{"id"=>"4", "title"=>"d", "content"=>"dd"}, 
  "5"=>{"id"=>"5", "title"=>"e", "content"=>"ee"}, 
  "6"=>{"id"=>"6", "title"=>"f", "content"=>"ff"}
}

新規データ例:

"comments"=>[
  {"id"=>"", "title"=>"a", "content"=>"aa"}, 
  {"id"=>"", "title"=>"b", "content"=>"bb"}, 
  {"id"=>"", "title"=>"c", "content"=>"cc"}, 
  {"id"=>"", "title"=>"d", "content"=>"dd"}, 
  {"id"=>"", "title"=>"e", "content"=>"ee"}, 
  {"id"=>"", "title"=>"f", "content"=>"ff"}
]

回避策として、新規データにダミーidを割り振り
受け取ったときにidの有無を見て新規作成と更新を切り分けます。

View例:

<table> 
  <tr>  
	<th>title</th>
	<th>content</th>
  </tr>
<% (0..5).each do |i| %>
  <% if @comments.present? && @comments[i].present? %>
	<!-- 既存データ -->
	<%= f.fields_for 'comments[]', @comments[i], index: @comments[i].id || "x#{i}" do |c| %>
	  <tr id="comment<%=i+1%>">
		<%= c.hidden_field :id, :id => "id#{i+1}", :value => @comments[i].id %>       
		<td>
		<%= c.text_field :title, :id => "title#{i+1}", :value => @comments[i].title %>
		</td>
		<td>
		<%= c.text_field :content, :id => "content#{i+1}", :value => @comments[i].content %>
		</td>
	  </tr>
	<% end %>
  <% else %>
	<!-- 新規データ -->
	<tr id="comment<%=i+1%>">
	  <input id="id<%=i+1%>" name="user[comments][x<%=i+1%>][id]" type="hidden"/>   
	  <td>
	  <input id="title<%=i+1%>" name="user[comments][x<%=i+1%>][title]" />
	  </td>
	  <td>
	  <input id="content<%=i+1%>" name="user[comments][x<%=i+1%>][content]" />        
	  </td>
	</tr>
  <% end %>
<% end %>
</table>

Parameters例:

(次の例では2つが既存データでidのない2つが新規データ)

"comments"=>{
  "1"=>{"id"=>"1", "title"=>"a", "content"=>"aa"}, 
  "2"=>{"id"=>"2", "title"=>"b", "content"=>"bb"}, 
  "x3"=>{"id"=>"", "title"=>"c", "content"=>"cc"}, 
  "x4"=>{"id"=>"", "title"=>"d", "content"=>"dd"}, 
}

Controller側で、idの中身を見て更新と新規登録を切り分けます。

--

動作確認用サンプルソースはGitHubにアップしています。

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